Magnetic bearing apparatus and rotating machine having such an apparatus

• US 5,491,396 A
• Filed: 05/17/1994
• Issued: 02/13/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Fukushima, Yasuo, Hiroshima, Minoru, Takahashi, Naohiko, Matsushita, Osami
• Primary Examiner(s): Cabeca, John W.
• Application Number:
  US08/243,904
• Time in Patent Office: 637 Days
• Field of Search: 310/156, 310/254, 310/179, 310/90.5, 318/460, 318/605, 318/629, 318/661, 318/568.21, 318/687, 318/640, 318/567, 318/618, 318/632, 318/648, 318/611, 318/623, 324/207.12, 324/207.11
• US Class Current: 318/632
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 2360/44 Centrifugal pumps in general F04D
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 32/0446 Determination of the actual position of the moving member, e.g. details of sensors
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 32/0451 Details of controllers, i.e. the units determining the power to be supplied, e.g. comparing elements, feedback arrangements with P.I.D. control

Abstract

A magnetic bearing is provided with a simulating circuit for estimating a displacement of a rotor on the basis of a force which is exerted on the rotor. An output of the simulating circuit is compared with an actual displacement signal. A delay circuit and a subtracter are provided to subtract a run-out, which was estimated one period before the rotation of the rotor, from the displacement signal. A displacement signal from which the run-out component was eliminated is set to a new displacement signal. A signal which is obtained by adding an estimated run-out of one period before, namely, an output of the delay circuit to the run-out which was estimated by comparing the output of the simulating circuit with the new displacement signal is newly inputted to the delay circuit. Due to this, the run-out component is eliminated from the displacement signal of the magnetic bearing, the load on power amplifiers for driving the electromagnets is reduced, there is a surplus for a saturation which is caused in a high frequency band, the reliability of the control system is improved, and deterioration of positional accuracy due to the run-out is prevented.

Claims

1. A magnetic bearing control apparatus for controlling a magnetic bearing assembly including a magnetic bearing with a rotor and electromagnets for rotatably supporting the rotor by magnetic force, said control apparatus comprising:

a magnetic bearing controller including displacement detecting means for detecting the displacement of the rotor from a predetermined position and providing a displacement signal indicative of the detected displacement;

a compensating circuit for determining magnitudes of currents to be applied to the electromagnets of the magnetic bearing so as to hold the rotor at the predetermined position, on the basis of the displacement signal; and

current amplifiers for controlling the currents of the electromagnets on the basis of an output signal of said compensating circuit;

a simulating circuit for estimating the position of the rotor from an output signal of said compensating circuit;

a first subtracter for subtracting the output signal of said simulating circuit from the displacement signal; and

a second subtracter for subtracting the output signal of said first subtracter from the displacement signal,

wherein the output signal of said second subtracter is inputted to said compensating circuit and is inputted to the first subtracter as a further displacement signal to be subtracted.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a feedback circuit between the output of the first subtracter and the input of the second subtracter, for compensation of run-out.

3. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:

said feedback circuit comprises a high pass filter and a delay circuit for delaying the input signal by a time of only a period of a fraction of an integer of a rotating period of the rotor,

the output signal of said first subtracter is negative-fed back to said delay circuit through said high pass filter, and the output signal of said delay circuit is positive fed back to the output signal of said first subtracter.

4. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:

said feedback circuit comprises a high pass filter and a delay circuit for delaying the input signal by a time of only a fraction of an integer of the rotating period of the rotor,

the output signal of said first subtracter is positive-fed back through said delay circuit, and the input signal of said delay circuit is negative-fed back to the input side of said delay circuit through said high pass filter.

5. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the delay time of said delay circuit is equalized to the rotating period of the rotor.

6. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said feedback circuit comprises a rotational speed sync component extracting filter for limiting such that a subtraction signal which is inputted to said second subtracter substantially becomes only a rotational speed synch component.

7. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the position of the rotor which was estimated by said simulating circuit and the output of said displacement detecting means are compared by said first subtracter and the comparison result is fed back to said simulating circuit.

8. A magnetic bearing control apparatus for controlling a magnetic bearing assembly including a magnetic bearing with a rotor and electromagnets for rotatably supporting the rotor by magnetic force, said control apparatus comprising:

a magnetic bearing controller including displacement detecting means for detecting the displacement of the rotor from a predetermined position and providing a displacement signal indicative of the detected displacement;

a compensating circuit for determining magnitudes of currents to be applied to the electromagnets of the magnetic bearing so as to hold the rotor at a predetermined position, on the basis of a displacement signal; and

current amplifiers for controlling the currents of the electromagnets on the basis of an output signal of said compensating circuit;

a simulating circuit for estimating the position of the rotor from the output signal of said compensating circuit;

first subtracter for subtracting the output signal of said simulating circuit from the displacement signal;

a feedback circuit, for compensation of a run-out, to which the output of said first subtracter is inputted; and

a second subtracter for subtracting the output signal of said feedback circuit from the displacement signal,

wherein the output signal of said second subtracter is set to an input signal of said compensating circuit and a signal to be subtracted of said first subtracter as a displacement signal, and

said feedback circuit includes memory means for storing the output of said delay circuit, and supplying the stored signal to said delay circuit for at least two continuous periods.

9. In a rotating machine including a rotor, a magnetic bearing apparatus having a magnetic bearing for rotatably supporting said rotor by magnetic force, and a stator in which said magnetic bearing and said rotor are enclosed, the improvement wherein said magnetic bearing apparatus comprises:

a magnetic bearing controller including displacement detecting means for detecting the displacement of said rotor from a predetermined position and providing a displacement signal indicative of the detected displacement;

a compensating circuit for determining magnitudes of currents to be applied to the electromagnets of said magnetic bearing so as to hold said rotor at the predetermined position, on the basis of the displacement signal; and

current amplifiers for controlling the currents of said electromagnets on the basis of the output signal of said compensating circuit;

a simulating circuit for estimating the position of said rotor from the output signal of said compensating circuit;

a first subtracter for subtracting the output signal of said simulating circuit from the displacement signal; and

a second subtracter for subtracting the output signal of said first subtracter from the displacement signal,

wherein the output signal of said first subtracter is inputted to said compensating circuit and is inputted to the second subtracter as a further displacement signal to be subtracted.