Color changing compositions for highlighters

• US 5,492,558 A
• Filed: 10/03/1994
• Issued: 02/20/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Crayola LLC (Hallmark Cards Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Binney & Smith Inc.
• Inventors: Krieger, Cheryl, Miller, Richard E.
• Primary Examiner(s): KLEMANSKI, HELENE G
• Application Number:
  US08/317,139
• Time in Patent Office: 505 Days
• Field of Search: 106/21 A, 106/22 B, 106/21 R
• US Class Current: 106/31.43
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/36 Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 2401/20 Aqueous dispersion or solution
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 2451/00 Type of carrier, type of coating (Multilayers)
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 7/54 No clear coat specified
• CPC Class Codes: B44D 2/00 Special techniques in artistic painting or drawing, e.g. oil painting, water painting, pastel painting, relief painting
• CPC Class Codes: B44F 1/10 Changing, amusing, or secret pictures
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 11/50 Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/00 Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00 driers C09F9/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions

Abstract

A multiple coloring composition system is disclosed wherein the coloring effect of a first undercolor coloring composition is changed upon treatment with a second coloring composition, once the second coloring composition has been deposited over the undercolor coloring composition. The multiple coloring composition system comprises:

(a) an aqueous undercolor coloring composition comprising an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and/or a reducing agent, and a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to increase the stability of said coloring composition; and

(b) an aqueous overcolor coloring composition comprising an overcolor dye capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and/or a reducing agent, an effective amount of a base sufficient to yield a pH of the aqueous overcolor coloring composition of about 10 or greater and/or a reducing agent, and a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to increase the capillary flow of said aqueous overcolor coloring composition.

The multiple coloring composition system is especially useful for highlighting text inasmuch as the coloring compositions preferably leave the highlighted indicia easily visible.

Claims

1. A multiple coloring composition system comprising:

(a) an aqueous undercolor coloring composition comprising a undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, in the presence of a reducing agent, or a combination thereof, and a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to increase the stability of said coloring composition; and

(b) an aqueous overcolor coloring composition comprising an overcolor dye capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, an effective amount of base sufficient to yield a pH of the aqueous overcolor coloring composition of about 10 or greater, and a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to increase the capillary flow of said aqueous overcolor coloring composition.

2. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor coloring composition comprises a surfactant in an amount from about 10% to about 60% by weight, and wherein said overcolor coloring composition comprises a surfactant in an amount from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight.

3. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said effective amount of said base comprises an amount sufficient to yield a pH of said aqueous overcolor coloring composition of from about 10 to about 12.

4. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said effective amount of said base comprises an amount from about 10% to about 12% by weight of said aqueous overcolor coloring composition.

5. The multiple composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of triphenylmethane dyes and azo dyes.

6. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Basic Red 14, Acid Green 3, Acid Blue 93, Acid Violet 19, and mixtures thereof.

7. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor dye of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of xanthene dyes, pthalocyanine dyes, and azo dyes.

8. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor dye of said overcolor coloring composition is C.I. Solvent Green 7.

9. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor coloring composition further comprises a reducing agent.

10. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 9, wherein said reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide.

11. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 9, wherein said reducing agent is present in an amount from about 1% to about 20% by weight.

12. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said base is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.

13. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a humectant in an amount of from about 0% to about 30% by weight.

14. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a drying agent in an amount of from about 5% to about 30% by weight.

15. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a preservative.

16. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor coloring composition further comprises an effective amount of an acid sufficient to maintain the pH of said undercolor coloring composition at from about 3 to about 6.

17. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 16, wherein said acid is citric acid which is present in an amount from about 0.1% to about 3.0% by weight of said undercolor coloring composition.

18. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor dye is present in an amount of from about 0.05% to about 15% by weight.

19. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor dye is present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight.

20. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor dye is present in an amount of from about 0.05% to about 15% by weight.

21. The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor dye is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 3% by weight.

22. An overcolor coloring composition comprising (a) from about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of a base;

(b) from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent;

(c) from about 0.05% to about 15% by weight of an overcolor dye which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of said reducing agent and said base; and

from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight of a surfactant.

23. An undercolor coloring composition comprising (a) an effective amount of an acid sufficient to maintain the pH of said undercolor coloring composition at from about 3 to about 6;

(b) from about 0.05% to about 1% by weight of an undercolor dye; and

(c) from about 20% to about 60% by weight of a surfactant.

24. A color changing marking system comprising at least an undercolor marking instrument and an overcolor marking instrument,

said undercolor marking instrument containing an undercolor coloring composition comprising (a) an effective amount of an acid sufficient to maintain a pH of said undercolor coloring composition at from about 3 to about 6;

(b) from about 0.05% to about 15% by weight of an undercolor dye; and

(c) from about 20% to about 60% of a surfactant,

and said overcolor marking instrument containing an overcolor coloring composition comprising (a) from about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of a base;

(b) from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent;

(c) from about 0.05% to about 15% by weight of an overcolor dye which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and base in an amount from about 10% to about 12% by weight; and

from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight of a surfactant, said undercolor coloring composition losing its color upon contact with said overcolor coloring composition.

25. The marking system of claim 24, wherein said reducing agent is sodium sulfite.

26. The marking system of claim 24, wherein said base is sodium hydroxide.

27. The marking system of claim 24, wherein said marker comprises an ink reservoir coupled to a nib.

28. A multiple coloring composition system comprising:

(a) an aqueous undercolor coloring composition comprising an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and/or a reducing agent, and a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to increase the stability of said coloring composition; and

(b) an aqueous overcolor coloring composition comprising an overcolor dye capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent, an effective amount of a reducing agent sufficient to destroy the coloring ability of said undercolor dye, and a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to increase the capillary flow of said aqueous overcolor coloring composition.