Multiple on-line sensor systems and methods

• US 5,496,450 A
• Filed: 04/13/1994
• Issued: 03/05/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 04/13/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: United Process Control Inc. (Micronics Filtration Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Andreas T. Melville, Robert N. Blumenthal
• Inventors: Melville, Andreas T., Blumenthal, Robert N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bell, Bruce F.
• Application Number:
  US08/227,308
• Time in Patent Office: 692 Days
• Field of Search: 204/401, 204/406, 204/408, 204/427, 204/428, 204/400, 204/153.1, 204/153.16, 110/185, 110/190, 324/512, 324/522, 324/537, 324/754, 324/755, 324/759, 324/760, 324/763, 324/555
• US Class Current: 205/782
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2223/08 Microprocessor; Microcomputer
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2225/16 burner temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/006 the detector being sensitive to oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/02 using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/022 using electronic means F23N5/04 - F23N5/14 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F27D 19/00 Arrangements of controlling devices

Abstract

A control device and associated methodology select from at least two on-line sensors to assure an accurate and reliable feedback input to control the heat treating conditions within a furnace. The device and methodology also serve to provide an "alert" or "early warning" of gradual degradation of sensor performance, before ongoing heat treating operations are adversely affected.

Claims

1. A device that automatically controls selection of signal inputs from first and second probes positioned to simultaneously sense atmosphere having an oxygen content contained within a heat treating furnace, the device comprising

an input element for electrical connection to the first and second probes to receive input signals independently from each probe relating to oxygen content of the furnace atmosphere,

a processing element means electrically connected to the input element for comparing the received input signal from the first probe to the received input signal from the second probe and for selecting the first probe and not the second probe as a control probe when the comparison meets a first criteria and for selecting the second probe and not the first probe as a control probe when the comparison meets a second criteria different than the first criteria, and

an output element electrically connected to the input element and responsive to the processing element to transmit as control outputs the received input signals from only the one selected control probe.

2. A device according to claim 1

wherein the received input signals each have magnitude, and

wherein the processing element means includes comparison means for periodically comparing the magnitudes of the received input signals of each probe and selecting as the control probe the one probe having the input signal magnitude that is larger than the input signal magnitude of the other probe.

3. A device according to claim 2

wherein the comparison means is operative for deriving an average input signal magnitude of the received input signals of each probe over a time period and comparing the derived average input signal magnitudes to select as the control probe the one probe having the derived average input signal magnitude that is larger than the derived average input signal magnitude of the other probe during the time period.

4. A device according to claim 1

wherein the received input signals each have magnitude, and

wherein the processing element means includes comparison means for periodically comparing the magnitudes of the received input signals and selecting as the control probe the one probe having the input signal magnitude that exceeds the input signal magnitude of the other probe by a set amount.

5. A device according to claim 4

wherein the comparison means is operative for deriving an average input signal magnitude of the received input signals of each probe over a time period and comparing the derived average input signal magnitudes to select as the control probe the one probe having the derived average input signal magnitude that exceeds the derived average input signal magnitude of the other probe by the set amount during the time period.

6. A device that monitors signal inputs from first and second probes positioned to simultaneously sense atmosphere contained within a heat treating furnace, the device comprising

an input element for electrical connection to the probes to receive input signals independently from each probe related to the atmosphere contained within the furnace, and

a processing element means electrically connected to the input element for comparing the received input signal from the first probe to the received input signal from the second probe and for generating a first diagnostic output for the first and not the second probe when the comparison fails to meet a first criteria and for generating a second diagnostic output for the second and not the first probe when the comparison fails to meet a second criteria different than the first criteria.

7. A device according to claim 6

wherein the received input signals each have magnitude, and

wherein the processing element means includes comparison means for deriving a difference in the magnitudes of the received input signals by comparing the magnitude of the received input signal from the first probe with the magnitude of the received input signal from the second probe and for generating the first diagnostic output when the difference of the magnitudes over time fails to meet the first criteria and for generating the second diagnostic output when the difference of the magnitudes fails to meet the second criteria.

8. A device according to claim 7

wherein the comparison means is operative for deriving the difference of the magnitudes of the received input signals from the first and second probes during a time period and for generating the first or second diagnostic outputs when the difference of the magnitudes during the time period exceeds a set amount.

9. A device according to claim 8

wherein the comparison means is operative for integrating differences of the magnitudes over the time period to derive an integral of the differences and for generating the first or second diagnostic outputs when the integral of the differences exceeds a set amount.

10. A device according to claim 8

wherein the comparison means is operative for deriving a running average of the differences of the magnitudes over the time period and for generating the first or second diagnostic outputs when the running averages of the differences exceeds a set amount.

11. A device according to claim 6

wherein the received input signals each have magnitude, and

wherein the first diagnostic output includes means for prompting an operator to replace the first probe when the magnitude of the received input signal of the first probe is smaller than the magnitude of the received input signal of the second probe, and

wherein the second diagnostic output includes means for prompting the operator to replace the second probe when the magnitude of the received input signal of the second probe is smaller than the magnitude of the received input signal of the first probe.

12. A device according to claim 6

wherein the received input signals each have magnitude, and

wherein the first diagnostic output includes means for locking-out the first probe when the magnitude of the received input signal of the first probe is smaller than the magnitude of the received input signal of the second probe, and

wherein the second diagnostic output includes means for locking-out the second probe when the magnitude of the received input signal of the second probe is smaller than the magnitude of the received input signal of the first probe

13. A device that automatically controls selection of signal inputs from first and second probes positioned to simultaneously sense atmosphere contained within a heat treating furnace, the device comprising

an input element for electrical connection to the probes to receive input signals independently from each probe related to the atmosphere contained within the furnace,

a processing element means electrically connected to the input element for comparing the received input signal from the first probe to the received input signal from the second probe and for selecting one probe as a control probe and one probe as a standby probe based upon the comparison,

an output element electrically connected to the input element and responsive to the processing element to transmit as control outputs the received input signals from only the one selected control probe, and

the processing element means also serving, after selection of the control probe, to compare the received input signals of the selected standby probe and the selected control probe to generate a diagnostic output when the comparison fails to meet set criteria.

14. A device according to claim 13

wherein the received input signals each have magnitude, and

wherein the processing element means includes comparison means for comparing the magnitudes of the received input signals from the standby probe and the control probe to derive a difference and for generating the diagnostic output when the difference fails to meet set criteria.

15. A device according to claim 13

wherein the received input signals each have magnitude, and

wherein the processing element means includes comparison means for comparing the magnitudes of the received input signals from the standby probe during a time period to the magnitudes of the received input signals from the control probe during the time period to derive a difference and for generating the diagnostic output when the difference during the time period exceeds a set amount.

16. A device according to claim 15

wherein the processing element means includes means for integrating the difference over a time period to derive an integral and for generating the diagnostic output when the integral exceeds a set amount.

17. A device according to claim 15

wherein the processing element means includes means for deriving a running average of the difference over a time period and for generating the diagnostic output when the running average of the differences exceeds a set amount.

18. A device according to claim 13

wherein the diagnostic output includes means for prompting an operator to replace the selected standby probe.

19. A device according to claim 13

wherein the diagnostic output includes means for preventing subsequent selection of the standby probe as the control probe based upon the first comparison.

20. A heat treating system comprising

a heat treating furnace,

a source for generating heat treating atmosphere having an oxygen content and supplying the atmosphere to the furnace,

multiple probes positioned to simultaneously sense the atmosphere supplied to the furnace, each probe independently generating an input signal having a magnitude which is related to the oxygen content of the atmosphere,

an interface for controlling selection of the input signals from the multiple probes, the interface comprising

an input element electrically coupled to the probes to receive input signals independently from each probe,

a processing element means electrically connected to the input element for comparing the magnitude of the received input signals from each probe and for selecting one probe as a control probe based upon the comparison, and

an output element electrically connected to the input element and responsive to the processing element to transmit as control outputs the received input signals from only the one selected control probe, and

a controller electrically coupled to the source and to the interface for receiving the control outputs to create and maintain the atmosphere.

21. A system according to claim 20

wherein the processing element means includes means for comparing the received input signals from each probe to generate a diagnostic output when the comparison fails to meet set criteria.

22. A system according to claim 21

wherein the diagnostic output includes means for determining which input signal magnitude is least and for prompting an operator to replace the probe having the least input signal magnitude.

23. A system according to claim 21

wherein the diagnostic output includes means for determining which input signal magnitude is least and for locking-out the probe having the least input signal magnitude.

24. A system according to claim 20

wherein the processing element means includes means for periodically comparing the magnitudes of the received input signals of each probe to determine which magnitude is greatest and for selecting as the control probe the probe having the greatest input signal magnitude.

25. A heat treating system comprising

a heat treating furnace,

a source for generating heat treating atmosphere and supplying the atmosphere to the furnace,

multiple probes positioned to simultaneously sense the atmosphere supplied to the furnace, each probe independently generating an input signal relating to the atmosphere,

an interface for monitoring the input signals from the multiple probes, the interface comprising

an input element electrically coupled to the probes to receive input signals independently from each probe,

a processing element means electrically connected to the input element for comparing the received input signals from each probe and for generating a diagnostic output when the comparison fails to meet set criteria.

26. A system according to claim 25

wherein the received input signals of the probes have magnitude,

wherein the diagnostic output includes means for determining which input signal magnitude is least and for prompting an operator to replace the probe having the least input signal magnitude.

27. A system according to claim 25

wherein the received input signals of the probes have magnitude,

wherein the diagnostic output includes means for determining which input signal magnitude is least and for locking-out the probe having the least input signal magnitude.

28. A system according to claim 25

wherein the received input signals of the probes have magnitude,

wherein the processing element means includes comparison means for comparing the magnitude of the received input signals from each probe and selecting one probe as a control probe based upon the comparison, and wherein the interface further includes an output element electrically connected to the input element and responsive to the processing element to transmit as control outputs the received input signals from only the one selected control probe, and

further including a controller electrically coupled to the source and to the interface for receiving the control outputs to create and maintain the atmosphere.

29. A method for selecting signal inputs from at least two probes positioned to simultaneously sense atmosphere of a heat treating furnace, the atmosphere having oxygen content, the method comprising the steps of

receiving input signals independently from each probe, the input signals having magnitude, the magnitude of the input signals being related to oxygen content of the atmosphere,

periodically sampling the magnitudes of the received input signals from each probe,

comparing the sampled magnitudes,

selecting one of the probes as a control probe based, at least in part, upon the comparison of the sampled magnitudes, and

transmitting as a control output the received input signals from only the one selected control probe.

30. A method for monitoring performance at least two probes positioned to simultaneously sense atmosphere of a heat treating furnace comprising the steps of

receiving input signals independently from each probe, the input signals having magnitude, the input signals being related to the atmosphere in the furnace,

periodically sampling the magnitudes of the received input signals from each probe while,

performing a first comparison of the sampled magnitudes to select one of the probes as a control probe and one of the probes as a standby probe based, at least in part, upon the first comparison of the sampled magnitudes, and

performing after the first comparison a second comparison of the sampled magnitudes to generate a diagnostic output when the second comparison fails to meet set criteria.