Lubricant compositions of enhanced performance capabilities

• US 5,498,355 A
• Filed: 09/20/1994
• Issued: 03/12/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ethyl Corporation (Newmarket Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Ethyl Corporation (Newmarket Corporation)
• Inventors: Passut, Charles A., Perozzi, Edmund F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Howard, Jacqueline V.
• Application Number:
  US08/309,976
• Time in Patent Office: 539 Days
• Field of Search: 252/49.6, 252/51.5 A
• US Class Current: 508/194
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/10 having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/14 containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/12 having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/14 containing hydroxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/56 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/30 containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/10 Thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 139/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 141/12 at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 143/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 145/14 Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/20 Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/22 containing phenol radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/24 containing sulfonic radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 163/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 167/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/00 Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/02 containing acyclic monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/023 having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/024 having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 : with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 : Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/028 : Overbased salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/125 : having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/129 : having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/26 : Overbased carboxylic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/262 : derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 : Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 : having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/042 : containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/06 : having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/062 : containing hydroxy groups bound to the aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 : Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 : Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/066 : Arylene diamines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/067 : Polyaryl amine alkanes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/068 : having amino groups bound to polycyclic aromatic ring systems, i.e. systems with three or more condensed rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 : Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 : Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 : of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines polyolefins C10M2221/041
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/046 : Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/04 : Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/042 : Metal salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 : Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/00 : Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/06 : Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/061 : Esters derived from boron
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/062 : Cyclic esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/063 : Complexes of boron halides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/065 : derived from Ti or Zr
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/066 : derived from Mo or W
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/00 : Metal present as such or in compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/02 : Groups 1 or 11
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 : Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/251 : Alcohol fueled engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/255 : Gasoline engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/28 : Rotary engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/02 : Concentrating of additives
• CPC Class Codes: F02F 7/006 : Camshaft or pushrod housings

Abstract

A novel dispersant composition is described which has been found to possess excellent dispersancy performance. When suitably formulated, lubricants can be formed that exhibit superior performance in a wide variety of rigorous qualification tests.

Claims

1. A dispersant composition which comprises:

a) a first succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (i) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 700 to about 2500 with (ii) alkylene polyamine having an average of about 3 to about 6 nitrogen atoms per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) in said first succinic derivative dispersant is below about 1.85; and

b) a second succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (iii) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1100 to about 2800 with (iv) hydroxypropylated alkylene diamine having an average of 2 to about 12 carbon atoms per molecule and an average of about 2.5 to about 3.5 hydroxypropyl groups per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) in said second succinic derivative dispersant is in the range of 1.0 to about 1.5;

the weight ratio of a) to b) being such that on an active ingredient basis there are from about 0.25 to about 10 parts by weight of a) per part by weight of b).

2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the polyalkene of a) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1250 to about 1400, and wherein the polyalkene of b) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1800 to about 2400.

3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) is about 1.8 to 1, and wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) is about 1 to 1.

4. A composition according to claim 1 wherein (ii) comprises a mixture of linear, branched and cyclic ethylene polyamines, and wherein (iv) is a hydroxypropylated hexamethylene diamine.

5. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

6. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the polyalkene of a) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1250 to about 1400, wherein the polyalkene of b) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1800 to about 2400, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) is about 1.8 to 1, and wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) is about 1 to 1.

7. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of a) to b) is such that on an active ingredient basis there are from about 0.5 to about 5 parts by weight of a) per part by weight of b).

8. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the polyalkene of a) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1250 to about 1400, and wherein the polyalkene of b) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1800 to about 2400.

9. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) is about 1.8 to 1, and wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) is about 1 to 1.

10. A composition according to claim 7 wherein (ii) comprises a mixture of linear, branched and cyclic ethylene polyamines, and wherein (iv) is a hydroxypropylated hexamethylene diamine.

11. A composition according to claim 7 wherein said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

12. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the polyalkene of a) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1250 to about 1400, wherein the polyalkene of b) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1800 to about 2400, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) is about 1.8 to 1, and wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) is about 1 to 1.

13. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the polyalkene of b) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1250 to about 1400, wherein the polyalkene of c) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1800 to about 2400, wherein (ii) comprises a mixture of linear, branched and cyclic ethylene polyamines, and wherein (iv) is a hydroxypropylated hexamethylene diamine.

14. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the succination ratio of a) is below about 1.3 and the succination ratio of b) is below about 1.3.

15. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the polyalkene of b) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1250 to about 1400, and wherein the polyalkene of c) has a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1800 to about 2400, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) is about 1.8 to 1, wherein the mole ratio of(iii) to (iv) is about 1 to 1, wherein (ii) comprises a mixture of linear, branched and cyclic ethylene polyamines, and wherein (iv) is a hydroxypropylated hexamethylene diamine.

16. A composition according to claim 15 wherein said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

17. A composition which comprises from 0.5 to 99.5 wt % of a composition according to claim 1 and from 99.5 to 0.5 wt % of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity.

18. A composition which comprises from 0.5 to 99.5 wt % of a composition according to claim 5 and from 99.5 to 0.5 wt % of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity.

19. A composition which comprises from 0.5 to 99.5 wt % of a composition according to claim 7 and from 99.5 to 0.5 wt % of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity.

20. A composition which comprises from 0.5 to 99.5 wt % of a composition according to claim 11 and from 99.5 to 0.5 wt % of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity.

21. A composition which comprises from 0.5 to 99.5 wt % of a composition according to claim 16 and from 99.5 to 0.5 wt % of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity.

22. A lubricant composition which comprises a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and at least the following additive components:

a) a first succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (i) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 700 to about 2500 with (ii) alkylene polyamine having an average of about 3 to about 6 nitrogen atoms per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) in said first succinic derivative dispersant is below about 1.85;

b) a second succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (iii) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1100 to about 2800 with (iv) hydroxypropylated alkylene diamine having an average of 2 to about 12 carbon atoms per molecule and an average of about 2.5 to about 3.5 hydroxypropyl groups per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) in said second succinic derivative dispersant is in the range of 1.0 to about 1.5;

wherein the weight ratio of a) to b) is such that on an active ingredient basis there are from about 0.25 to about 10 parts by weight of a) per part by weight of b);

c) at least one calcium phenate or calcium sulfurized phenate composition having a TBN in the range of about 160 to about 260; and

d) at least one calcium sulfonate having a TBN of up to about 420;

the amount of components c) and d) being such that if said calcium sulfonate has a total base number of up to about 50 mg KOH/gram, the total sulfated ash content of said lubricant composition is no higher than about 1.8 wt % whereas if said calcium sulfonate has a total base number greater than about 50 mg KOH/gram, the total sulfated ash content of said lubricant composition is up to about 2.5 wt %.

23. A composition in accordance with claim 22 which further comprises:

e) at least one oil-soluble dithiophosphate material in an amount such that the finished lubricant contains in the range of about 0.02 to about 0.18 wt % of phosphorus as said dithiophosphate material.

24. A composition in accordance with claim 22 or claim 23 wherein said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

25. A composition in accordance with claim 22 or claim 23 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant.

26. A composition in accordance with claim 22 or claim 23 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant and said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

40. A composition in accordance with any of claims 22, 23, 27, 28, 32 and 36 further comprising:

f) at least one oil-soluble antioxidant;

g) at least one oil-soluble demulsifying agent; and

h) at least one oil-soluble rust inhibitor.

27. An additive concentrate composition which comprises a minor amount of at least one inert diluent oil and a major amount of additive components, said additive components comprising at least the following components:

a) a first succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (i) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 700 to about 2500 with (ii) alkylene polyamine having an average of about 3 to about 6 nitrogen atoms per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) in said first succinic derivative dispersant is below about 1.85;

b) a second succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (iii) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1100 to about 2800 with (iv) hydroxypropylated alkylene diamine having an average of 2 to about 12 carbon atoms per molecule and an average of about 2.5 to about 3.5 hydroxypropyl groups per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) in said second succinic derivative dispersant is in the range of 1.0 to about 1.5;

wherein the weight ratio of a) to b) is such that on an active ingredient basis there are from about 0.25 to about 10 parts by weight of a) per part by weight of b);

c) at least one calcium phenate or calcium sulfurized phenate composition having a TBN in the range of about 160 to about 260; and

d) at least one calcium sulfonate having a TBN of up to about 420.

28. A composition in accordance with claim 27 which further comprises e) at least one oil-soluble dithiophosphate material.

29. A composition in accordance with claim 27 or claim 28 wherein said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

30. A composition in accordance with claim 27 or claim 28 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant.

31. A composition in accordance with claim 27 or claim 28 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant and said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

32. A lubricant composition which comprises a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and at least the following additive components:

a) a first succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (i) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 700 to about 2500 with (ii) alkylene polyamine having an average of about 3 to about 6 nitrogen atoms per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) in said first succinic derivative dispersant is below about 1.85;

b) a second succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (iii) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1100 to about 2800 with (iv) hydroxypropylated alkylene diamine having an average of 2 to about 12 carbon atoms per molecule and an average of about 2.5 to about 3.5 hydroxypropyl groups per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) in said second succinic derivative dispersant is in the range of 1.0 to about 1.5;

wherein the weight ratio of a) to b) is such that on an active ingredient basis there are from about 0.25 to about 10 parts by weight of a) per part by weight of b); and

e) at least one oil-soluble dithiophosphate material in an amount such that said lubricant composition contains in the range of about 0.02 to about 0.18 wt % of phosphorus as said dithiophosphate material.

33. A composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

34. A composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant.

35. A composition in accordance with claim 32 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant-and said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

36. An additive concentrate composition which comprises a minor amount of at least one inert diluent oil and a major amount of additive components, said additive components comprising at least the following components:

a) a first succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (i) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 700 to about 2500 with (ii) alkylene polyamine having an average of about 3 to about 6 nitrogen atoms per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (i) to (ii) in said first succinic derivative dispersant is below about 1.85;

b) a second succinic derivative dispersant produced by reacting (iii) a substituted succinic acylating agent in which the substituent is an aliphatic group derived from polyalkene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of about 1100 to about 2800 with (iv) hydroxypropylated alkylene diamine having an average of 2 to about 12 carbon atoms per molecule and an average of about 2.5 to about 3.5 hydroxypropyl groups per molecule, wherein the mole ratio of (iii) to (iv) in said second succinic derivative dispersant is in the range of 1.0 to about 1.5;

wherein the weight ratio of a) to b) is such that on an active ingredient basis there are from about 0.25 to about 10 parts by weight of a) per part by weight of b); and

e) at least one oil-soluble dithiophosphate material in an amount such that said when said additive concentrate is used to formulate a finished lubricant composition, said finished lubricant composition will contain in the range of about 0.02 to about 0.18 wt % of phosphorus as said dithiophosphate material.

37. A composition in accordance with claim 36 wherein said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.

38. A composition in accordance with claim 36 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant.

39. A composition in accordance with claim 36 wherein said first succinic derivative dispersant is a non-borated succinic derivative dispersant and said second succinic derivative dispersant is a borated succinic derivative dispersant.