Self-aligning inductive charger

• US 5,498,948 A
• Filed: 10/14/1994
• Issued: 03/12/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 10/14/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: Delco Electronics Corporation (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Inventors: Davenport, Edward F., Bruni, Michael F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TSO, EDWARD H
• Application Number:
  US08/323,287
• Time in Patent Office: 515 Days
• Field of Search: 320/2, 320/5, 180/65.1, 180/65.2, 180/65.3, 307/9.1, 307/10.1
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A self-aligning inductive charging system for automatically mating a charge probe to a charge port without operator interaction to charge propulsion batteries of an electric vehicle. A charge station includes a power source, a charge probe coupled to a slidable alignment mechanism, and a charge port disposed in the electric vehicle that is coupled to its propulsion batteries. The charge probe comprises a plurality of aligning plates disposed at predetermined locations around the periphery thereof. The slidable alignment mechanism comprises a plurality of vertical slide mechanisms, a plurality of horizontal slide mechanisms coupled between the plurality of vertical slide mechanisms, and a plurality of lateral slide mechanisms coupled to the plurality of horizontal slide mechanisms and to the charge probe. The charge port comprises a secondary core, a secondary winding connected to the propulsion batteries, a vehicle brake switch for sending a signal that causes the electrical vehicle to stop when the charge port is properly inserted into the charge probe, and a plurality of rollers disposed adjacent a front surface of the charge port that contact corresponding ones of the aligning plates when the probe is inserted into the charge port. When the electric vehicle pulls up to the charge station, if the charge probe and charge port are misaligned, one or more of the rollers contact the aligning plates which cause the charge probe to move in a direction opposite the force exerted by the rollers on the aligning plates. Consequently, the charge probe is caused to move up, down, or laterally, so that it is aligned with the charge port. Thus, as the electric vehicle pulls forward, the charge moves to align with the charge port. The vehicle brake switch sends a signal to stop the electric vehicle when the charge probe is properly inserted into the charge port.

Claims

1. A self-aligning inductive charging system comprising:

a charge station comprising;

a power source;

a charge probe that comprises;

a primary core;

a primary winding electrically connected to the power source that provides charging power; and

a plurality of aligning plates disposed at predetermined locations around the periphery of the charge probe;

a slidable alignment mechanism comprising;

a plurality of vertical slide mechanisms;

a plurality of horizontal slide mechanisms coupled between the plurality of vertical slide mechanisms; and

a plurality of lateral slide mechanisms coupled to the plurality of horizontal slide mechanisms and to the charge probe; and

a charge port that comprises;

a secondary core;

a secondary winding; and

a plurality of rollers disposed adjacent a front surface of the charge port that contact corresponding ones of the aligning plates when the probe is inserted into the charge port.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the charge port comprises:

a switch for providing an output signal indicating when the charge probe is properly inserted into the charge port.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the charge port is coupled to propulsion batteries of an electrical vehicle and wherein the secondary winding is electrically connected to the propulsion batteries of the electric vehicle.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein the charge port is disposed at the front of the electric vehicle and is rotatable so that it may be hidden and stored within the electric vehicle when not in use.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of aligning are disposed at the sides and bottom of the charge probe.

6. A self-aligning inductive charging system for charging propulsion batteries of an electric vehicle, said system 10 comprising:

a charge station comprising;

a power source;

a charge probe that comprises;

a primary core;

a primary winding electrically connected to the power source that provides charging ;

power to charge the propulsion batteries of the electric vehicle; and

a plurality of aligning plates disposed at predetermined locations around the periphery of the charge probe;

a slidable alignment mechanism comprising;

a plurality of vertical slide mechanisms;

a plurality of horizontal slide mechanisms coupled between the plurality of vertical slide mechanisms; and

a plurality of lateral slide mechanisms coupled to the plurality of horizontal slide mechanisms and to the charge probe; and

a charge port disposed in the electric vehicle that comprises;

a secondary core;

a secondary winding that is electrically connected to the propulsion batteries of the electric vehicle;

a vehicle brake switch for sending a signal that causes the electrical vehicle to stop when the charge probe is properly inserted into the charge port; and

a plurality of rollers disposed adjacent a front surface of the charge port that contact corresponding ones of the aligning plates when the probe is inserted into the charge port.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein the charge port is disposed at the front of the electric vehicle and is rotatable so that it may be hidden and stored within the electric vehicle when not in use.

8. The system of claim 6 wherein the plurality of aligning are disposed at the sides and bottom of the charge probe.