Distributed current and voltage sampling function for an electric power monitoring unit

• US 5,498,956 A
• Filed: 08/26/1994
• Issued: 03/12/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Siemens Industry Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens Energy & Automation Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Zavis, Wayne M., Cronvich, James T., Kinney, Michael A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Karlsen, Ernest F.
• Application Number:
  US08/296,828
• Time in Patent Office: 564 Days
• Field of Search: 324/142, 324/107, 324/141, 361/88, 361/93, 340/664, 364/483, 327/91
• US Class Current: 324/142
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 21/133 by using digital technique
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2071/006 Provisions for user interfaces for electrical protection devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 1/0007 concerning the detecting means in general G01R or other subclasses of G01; reed switches H01H71/2445
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/00 Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems H02H7/00; systems for change-over to standby supply H02J9/00 ; integrated protection for motors H02H7/0822
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00002 characterised by monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00036 the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers circuits for indication of single switches H01H9/167
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/0004 involved in a protection system
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/18 using switches, relays or circuit breakers, e.g. intelligent electronic devices [IED]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/30 State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Abstract

A low voltage AC electric power monitoring system includes a processor which samples the current and circuit breaker system includes a processor which samples each of the current components at seventeen samples per cycle to obtain current samples representing a single period of the AC power signal. The processor samples the voltage component at different points in the voltage cycle over several cycles to obtain voltage samples representing a single period of the AC power signal.

Claims

1. A controller system for monitoring electric power lines which transmit alternating current electric power, including a periodic voltage component and a periodic current component, to a load, comprising:

an analog to digital converter, coupled to the power lines and responsive to first and second control signals for generating digital samples representing the respective current and voltage components of the electric power;

a programmed processor for generating the first and second control signals and for calculating, from the digital sample values provided by the analog to digital converter, respective values representing magnitudes of the current and voltage components, wherein the programmed processor includes;

a clock signal generator;

a first interrupt service routine, responsive to a clock signal provided by the clock signal generator, to cause the programmed processor to apply one of the first and second control signals to the analog to digital converter to store the digital samples provided by the analog to digital converter, to schedule a next invocation of the first interrupt service routine to store further ones of the digital samples of the current and voltage components of the power, and to schedule an invocation of a second interrupt service routine to process the stored digital samples;

wherein, the second interrupt service routine squares each of the stored current and voltage sample values and accumulates respective sums of successive ones of the squared current and voltage values.

2. A system according to claim 1, wherein the program for the programmed processor further includes a background routine which calculates the square root of the sums of the squared current and voltage values to produce respective root-mean-squared current and voltage values.

3. A system according to claim 2, wherein the first interrupt service routine is responsive to the clock signal for conditioning the processor to apply only the second control signal to the analog to digital converter during a first time interval, the first the first and second control signals to the analog to digital converter during a second time interval and to apply only the first control signal to the analog to digital converter during each of a third through Nth time interval, where N is an integer greater than three.

4. In a system which includes a programmed digital controller which monitors an electric power line which transmits power signal having a voltage component and a current component to a load and an analog to digital converter which may be caused to provide sample values representing instantaneous values of the current component and the voltage component, a method of generating values representing the current and voltage components of the power comprising the steps of:

invoking an interrupt routine a first time to cause the analog to digital converter to provide digital voltage sample values representing the voltage component, to store the digital voltage sample values and to schedule the invocation of a first further interrupt routine to process the stored digital voltage sample values;

invoking the interrupt routine a second time to cause the analog to digital converter to provide digital voltage and current sample values representing the voltage and current components, respectively, to store the digital voltage and current sample values, and to schedule invocation of the first further interrupt routine and a second further interrupt routine to process the stored digital voltage and current sample values, respectively; and

invoking the interrupt routine a third time to cause the analog to digital converter to provide the digital current sample values representing the current component, to store the digital current sample values, and to schedule an invocation of the second further interrupt routine to process the stored digital current sample values.

5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the first further interrupt routine includes the steps of:

calculating the squares of the stored digital voltage sample values;

summing the calculated squares of the stored voltage sample values with respective previously accumulated sums of squared voltage sample values; and

scheduling an invocation of the first further interrupt routine to multiply the stored voltage sample values with corresponding stored current sample values generated by the interrupt routine, to produce sample values representing a measure of the power conveyed by the electric power lines.