Thin layer ablation apparatus

• US 5,505,730 A
• Filed: 06/24/1994
• Issued: 04/09/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 06/24/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Stuart D. Edwards
• Original Assignee: Stuart D. Edwards
• Inventors: Edwards, Stuart D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellegrino, Stephen C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PEFFLEY, MICHAEL F
• Application Number:
  US08/265,459
• Time in Patent Office: 655 Days
• Field of Search: 606/27-31, 606/41, 606/46-50, 606/191-194, 607/100-105, 607/115, 607/116, 604/20, 604/21, 604/53, 604/96-103
• US Class Current: 606/41
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/148 having a short, rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously, e.g. for neurosurgery or arthroscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1485 having a short rigid shaft for accessing the inner body through natural openings
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1492 having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/18 by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves radiation therapy A61N5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00084 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00106 ultrasonic
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/4216 Operations on uterus, e.g. endometrium
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00065 porous
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00083 low, i.e. electrically insulating
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00214 Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0022 Balloons
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00559 Female reproductive organs
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00577 Ablation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00654 with individual control of each of a plurality of energy emitting elements
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00666 using a threshold value
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00678 upper
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00702 Power or energy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00708 switching the power on or off
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00761 Duration
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00791 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00827 : Current
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00869 : Phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00875 : Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00886 : Duration
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00892 : Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00898 : Alarms or notifications created in response to an abnormal condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0091 : Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00916 : with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00982 : combined with or comprising means for visual or photographic inspections inside the body, e.g. endoscopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/124 : switching the output to different electrodes, e.g. sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1472 : for use with liquid electrolyte, e.g. virtual electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2218/002 : Irrigation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0438 : Liquid-filled
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0447 : Bell, canopy or umbrella shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0481 : through the cuff wall
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/1052 : for temporarily occluding a vessel for isolating a sector
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/1086 : having a special balloon surface topography, e.g. pores, protuberances, spikes or grooves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/1002 : characterised by balloon shape A61M25/1006, A61M25/1009 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/06 : for high-frequency therapy

Abstract

An ablation apparatus has a balloon that is inserted into an organ of a body and ablates all or a selected portion of the inner layer of the organ. Electrolytic solution fills the balloon, and the balloon includes a plurality of apertures from which electrolytic solution flows from the balloon. The flow rate of electrolytic solution is dependent on the pressure applied to the balloon by the electrolytic solution. A conforming member, with a conductive surface and a back side, is made of a material that substantially conforms to a shape of the inner layer of the organ and delivers the electrolytic solution and RF energy through the conductive surface to the inner layer. Advantageously, difficult to access areas are reached with the inclusion of the conforming member. Optionally positioned between the conforming member and the balloon is a porous membrane. A printed circuit is printed in or on the conforming member and delivers RF energy to selected sections of the inner layer. The printed circuit provides for the monitoring of impedance, temperature and circuit continuity. Additionally, the printed circuit can be multiplexed.

Claims

1. An ablation apparatus for ablating an inner layer in an organ of a body, comprising:

an inflatable member with an interior housing an electrolytic solution, the inflatable member having a back side, and a front side with a plurality of apertures that permit electrolytic solution to selectively flow from the interior through the plurality of apertures at a flow rate dependent on a pressure applied to the inflatable member by the electrolytic solution;

a conforming member with a conductive surface and a back side connected to the front side of the inflatable member, the conforming member being made of a material that substantially conforms to a shape of the inner layer of the organ and delivers electrolytic solution and RF energy through the conductive surface to the inner layer,

a printed circuit positioned on the conforming member delivering RF energy to selected sections of the inner layer;

an electrical connector device connecting the printed circuit to an RF energy source; and

an electrolytic solution delivery tube to deliver electrolytic solution from the electrolytic solution source to and from the inflatable member and into the conforming member.

2. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inflatable member is a balloon.

3. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a membrane positioned between the front side of the inflatable member and the back side of the conforming member, the membrane adapted to receive electrolytic solution from the inflatable member and delivering the electrolytic solution to the conforming member.

4. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the conforming member is made of an open and closed cell foam.

5. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the printed circuit is multiplexed.

6. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the printed circuit includes one or more impedance sensors positioned on the conforming member.

7. The ablation apparatus of claim 6, wherein the printed circuit includes one or more temperature sensors positioned on the conforming member.

8. The ablation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the printed circuit includes one or more devices to monitor circuit continuity.

9. The ablation apparatus of claim 8, wherein the printed circuit includes a plurality of segments.

10. The ablation apparatus of claim 1 each segment delivers about 50 watts of energy or less to a section of the inner layer.

11. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the conforming member releases a conductive material contained within the conforming member to the inner layer.

12. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a deposition of ions in the conforming member to improve conductivity.

13. The ablation apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

conductive coating on the conductive surface of the conforming member.

14. An ablation apparatus for ablating an inner layer in an organ of a body, comprising:

an inflatable member with an exterior surface including a plurality of apertures that communicate with an interior that houses an electrolytic solution, the inflatable member selectively releasing electrolytic solution through the apertures at a flow rate that is dependent on a pressure applied to the inflatable member by the electrolytic solution;

a conforming member with a conductive surface, and a back side in surrounding relationship and attached to the exterior of the inflatable member, the conforming member being made of a material that provides substantial conformity between the conductive surface and a shape of the inner layer of the organ, the conductive surface delivering electrolytic solution and RF energy to the inner layer;

a printed circuit positioned on the conforming member delivering RF energy to selected sections of the inner layer;

an electrical connector device connecting the printed circuit to an RF energy source; and

an electrolytic solution delivery tube to deliver electrolytic solution to the inflatable member from an electrolytic solution source and into the conforming member.

15. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, wherein the inflatable member is a balloon.

16. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, further comprising:

a membrane positioned between the inflatable member and the conforming member and adapted to receive electrolytic solution from the inflatable member and deliver it to the conforming member.

17. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, wherein the conforming member is made of an open and closed cell foam.

18. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, wherein the printed circuit is multiplexed.

19. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, wherein the printed circuit includes or more impedance sensors positioned on the conforming member.

20. The ablation apparatus of claim 19, wherein the printed circuit includes one or more temperature sensors positioned on the conforming member.

21. The ablation apparatus of claim 20, wherein the printed circuit includes one or more devices to monitor circuit continuity.

22. The ablation apparatus of claim 21, wherein the printed circuit includes a plurality of segments.

23. The ablation apparatus of claim 22, wherein each segment delivers about 50 watts of energy or less to a section of the inner layer.

24. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, wherein the conforming member releases a conductive foam contained within the conforming member to the inner layer.

25. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, further comprising:

a deposition of ions in the conforming member to improve conductivity.

26. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, further comprising:

conductive coating on the conductive surface of the conforming member.

27. The ablation apparatus of claim 14, wherein the electrolytic solution is a saline solution.

28. An ablation apparatus for ablating an inner layer in an organ of a body comprising:

a first expandable member;

a second expandable member surrounding the first expandable member and attached thereto, the second expandable member having a porous structure to deliver an electrolytic solution to the inner layer of the organ;

a plurality of RF electrodes positioned at one of an exterior of the first expandable member or an interior of the second expandable member;

an electrical connector device connecting the plurality of RF electrodes to an RF energy source; and

an electrolytic solution delivery device connected to deliver electrolytic solution to the interior of the second expandable member and wherein the second expandable member expands to conform to at least a portion of the inner layer of the organ.

29. An apparatus as recited in claim 28 wherein the second expandable member expands in response to the delivery of the electrolytic solution.