Optical sensor

• US 5,508,809 A
• Filed: 11/10/1993
• Issued: 04/16/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: British Gas Trading Limited (Centrica PLC)
• Original Assignee: British Gas Trading Limited (Centrica PLC)
• Inventors: Shaw, John S., Peacock, Stanley J., Jaggers, Henry C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rosenberger, Richard A.
• Application Number:
  US08/090,011
• Time in Patent Office: 888 Days
• Field of Search: 356/445, 356/318
• US Class Current: 356/445
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/752 Devices comprising reaction zones
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/553 and using surface plasmons fluorescence excitation G01N21/648; enhanced Raman G01N21/658

Abstract

An optical sensor assembly includes a light source, a surface plasmon-sensitive structure for reflecting light, a light detector, and a signal indicator. The light detector receives light that is reflected from the surface plasmon-sensitive structure at an angle which is sensitive to surface plasmon absorption.

Claims

1. A process for using an optical sensor for sensing the presence of monoethylene glycol vapor, said sensor comprising a light source for producing light, a surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure positioned to intercept the light and for reflecting intercepted light originating from the light source, wherein when said surface plasmon resonance sensitive structure is exposed to the analyte monoethylene glycol it responds so as to alter the intensity of the intercepted light which it reflects, a light detecting means for receiving light reflected from the surface plasmon resonance sensitive structure and for producing an output signal in response to the received reflected light indicative of the presence of, or representative of the concentration or a concentration range of, the analyte in the fluid, control means for controlling the portion of the reflected light which is permitted to reach the light detecting means, indicating means for receiving the signal and in response thereto indicating the presence, concentration or concentration range of the analyte in the fluid, and wherein said surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure comprises a metallic surface and a film of polypyrrole on the metallic surface, said process comprising the steps of:

exposing the sensor to a stream of gas; and

determining the quantity of monoethylene glycol vapor in the stream of gas.

2. A process according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

controlling the value of monoethylene glycol vapor in the stream of gas to maintain a preferred value of monoethylene glycol vapor in the stream of gas based upon the determined value of monoethylene glycol in the stream of gas.

3. A process according to claim 2, wherein said stream of gas is a stream of natural gas.

4. A process for using an optical sensor for sensing the presence of vapor, said sensor comprising a light source for producing light, a surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure positioned to intercept the light and for reflecting intercepted light originating from the light source, wherein when said surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure is exposed to the analyte monoethylene glycol it responds so as to alter the intensity of the intercepted light which it reflects, a light detecting means for receiving light reflected from the surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure and for producing an output signal in response to the received reflected light indicative of the presence of, or representative of the concentration or a concentration range of, the analyte in the fluid, control means for controlling the portion of the reflected light which is permitted to reach the light detecting means, indicating means for receiving the signal and in response thereto indicating the presence, concentration or concentration range of the analyte in the fluid, and wherein said surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure comprises a metallic surface and a film on the metallic surface whose optical absorption properties change upon exposure to monoethylene glycol, said process comprising the steps of:

exposing the sensor to a gas; and

determining the concentration of the monoethylene glycol vapor in the gas.

5. A process according to claim 4, further comprising the steps of:

controlling the concentration of monoethylene glycol vapor in the gas to maintain a preferred concentration of monoethylene glycol vapor in the gas based upon the determined concentration of monoethylene glycol in the gas.

6. An optical sensor assembly for sensing the presence of analyte in a fluid, comprising:

a light source for producing light;

a surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure for reflecting the light produced by the light source which, when exposed to the analyte, responds so as to alter the intensity of light that it reflects;

a light detecting means for receiving light reflected from the surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure and for producing an output signal in response to the received reflected light which output signal is indicative of the presence of, or representative of the concentration or a concentration range of, the analyte in the fluid;

control means for controlling the portion of the light reflected by the surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure which reaches the light detecting means;

indicating means for receiving the signal and in response thereto indicating the presence, concentration or concentration range of the analyte in the fluid; and

wherein said surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure comprises a metallic surface and a film of polypyrrole on the metallic surface.

7. An optical sensor assembly for sensing the presence of analyte in a fluid, comprising:

a light source for producing light;

a surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure for reflecting the light produced by the light source and which structure, on exposure to the analyte, responds so as to alter an intensity of the light produced by the light source which is reflected;

a light detecting means for receiving the light reflected from the surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure and for producing in response to the received reflected light an output signal indicative of the presence of, or representative of the concentration or a concentration range of, the analyte in the fluid;

control means for controlling the portion of the reflected light which is permitted to reach the light detecting means; and

indicating means for receiving the output signal and in response thereto indicating the presence, concentration or concentration range of the analyte in the fluid,

wherein the surface plasmon resonance-sensitive structure comprises a propagating medium having a reflecting surface which supports or is coupled to a metallic layer and the metallic layer is covered by a film of material which is sensitive to the analyte, and in which the film of material which is sensitive to the analyte is polypyrrole.