Dual-motor electric drive system for vehicles

• US 5,509,491 A
• Filed: 04/18/1994
• Issued: 04/23/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: General Motors Corporation (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Hall, Arthur III
• Primary Examiner(s): Focarino, Margaret A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ZEENDER, FLORIAN M
• Application Number:
  US08/229,032
• Time in Patent Office: 736 Days
• Field of Search: 180/6.2, 180/6.28, 180/6.62, 180/6.7, 180/6.44, 180/9.44, 180/65.1, 180/65.6, 180/65.7, 475/2, 475/5, 475/6, 475/18, 475/28, 475/153, 475/151
• US Class Current: 180/9.44
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/36 characterised by the transmission gearings
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/40 characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/20 for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2054 by controlling transmissions or clutches
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/42 with use of more than one motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/24 Steering angle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/507 Operating parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 55/00 Endless track vehicles steering aspects B62D11/00; characterised by the driver not being seated B62D51/007
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/909 : Gearing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/91 : Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/951 : Assembly or relative location of components

Abstract

A dual-motor electric drive system is particularly suited for driving track-laying vehicles. The propulsion motors of the drive system are each individually selected to provide the speed and torque for selected portions of the operational requirements of the vehicle. The electric drive system utilizes a primary motor to provide the maximum speed requirements and a secondary motor to provide the high torque requirements for low speed operation. The primary and secondary propulsion motors are interconnected by a predetermined drive ratio so that the secondary motor provides torque until it attains a maximum predetermined speed whereupon it is disconnected from the primary motor.

Claims

1. An electric drive system for propelling a track-laying vehicle through both a low speed range and a high speed range to a desired maximum vehicle speed, said drive system comprising:

first and second electric propulsion motors capable of delivering independent propulsion forces;

said first and second electric propulsion motors each having a maximum speed;

left and right drive tracks;

a final drive system for transferring propulsion forces to the drive tracks;

a predetermined transition speed less than the maximum vehicle speed delineating the transition from the low speed range to the high speed range of the vehicle;

a first drive ratio is provided between said first propulsion motor and said final drive system;

said first drive ratio assures that said first propulsion motor reaches its maximum speed when said vehicle is at its maximum speed;

a second drive ratio is provided between said second propulsion motor and said final drive system;

said second drive ratio assures that said second propulsion motor reaches its maximum speed at approximately said transition speed;

the relationship of said first and second drive ratios effecting multiplication of the output torque from said second propulsion motor to said final drive system at speeds lower than said transition speed;

said first propulsion motor operatively connected to said final drive system to provide the desired maximum vehicle speed; and

,

means to engage said second propulsion motor to said final drive system to provide the output torque from said second propulsion motor to said final drive when torque in addition to that supplied by said first propulsion motor is required at speeds below said transition speed;

means to disengage said second propulsion motor from said final drive system at said transition speed when the output torque from said first propulsion motor is sufficient for said final drive system to propel the vehicle in the high speed range.

2. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

a gear step ratio between said first and second drive ratios is approximately 5.36;

1.

3. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

said maximum speed for said first propulsion motor is approximately 45 mph.

4. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

maximum tractive effort supplied by said first propulsion motor is approximately 40,833 pounds.

5. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

said maximum speed for said second propulsion motor is approximately 8.39 mph.

6. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

tractive effort supplied by said second motor is approximately 103,167 pounds.

7. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

a gear step ratio between said first and second propulsion motors is approximately 5.36;

1.

8. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

said first and second drive ratios are determined by a planetary gear set interposed between said first and second propulsion motors and said final drive system.

9. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 8, wherein said planetary gear set that determines said first and second drive ratios comprises:

first and second sun gears;

a carrier;

said carrier being grounded;

a plurality of stepped planet gears mounted on said grounded carrier;

each said planet gear having a first and a second set of teeth;

said first set of teeth on each said stepped planet gear meshingly engaging said first sun gear;

said second set of teeth on each said stepped planet gear meshingly engaging said second sun gear;

a single ring gear;

said ring gear meshing with said first set of teeth on said stepped planet gears; and

,

said ring gear operatively connected to said final drive system.

10. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein:

a gear tooth ratio between said first and second sun gears is approximately 5.36;

1.

11. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

said first and second drive ratios are determined by spur gears presented from said first and second propulsion motors and interposed between said propulsion motors and said final drive system.

12. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 11, wherein:

a first spur gear is presented from said first propulsion motor;

a second spur gear is presented from said second propulsion motor;

said first and second spur gears are meshingly engaged;

said first spur gear is meshingly engaged to operate said final drive system; and

,

said means to disengage said second propulsion motor from said final drive system is disposed between said second propulsion motor and said second spur gear.

13. An electric drive system, as set forth in claim 12, wherein:

a gear step ratio between said first and second spur gears determines the relative speed range between said first and second propulsion motors is approximately 5.36;

1.