Zero current switching between winding sets in a permanent magnet alternator having a split winding stator

• US 5,510,696 A
• Filed: 11/03/1994
• Issued: 04/23/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 11/03/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Motors Corporation (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: General Motors Corporation (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Erskine, James C. Jr., Naidu, Malakondaiah
• Primary Examiner(s): Ro, Bentsu
• Application Number:
  US08/333,662
• Time in Patent Office: 537 Days
• Field of Search: 323/234, 323/235, 323/237, 323/251, 323/252, 323/254, 323/255, 323/265, 323/266, 323/292, 323/299, 322/7, 322/8, 322/22, 322/23, 322/24, 322/25, 322/28, 322/29, 322/37, 322/89, 322/90, 322/93, 322/94
• US Class Current: 322/29
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1484 by commutation of the output windings of the generator
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1492 by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0085 Partially controlled bridges
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Abstract

An apparatus for selectively rectifying one of a pair of output voltages associated with one of a a pair of output winding sets of a polyphase alternating current generator has a single controlled bridge rectifier selectively coupled to one of the winding sets. The bridge rectifier is selectively coupled in accordance with a predetermined rotational speed of the rotor. Transitions between the two winding sets is caused to occur at zero current conditions of the windings.

Claims

1. In a vehicle electrical system having a permanent magnet alternating current generator, said generator having a rotor and a polyphase output winding comprised of first and second winding sets, said first winding set having a larger number of turns per phase than said second winding set, each of said winding sets having AC output voltage terminals, an apparatus for selectively rectifying the AC output voltage from one of said first and second winding sets comprising:

a full-wave rectifier bridge having a DC output voltage and a plurality of AC input terminals corresponding to the number of phases of said generator;

steering means operative in a first mode to couple said plurality of AC input terminals to the first winding set and decouple said plurality of AC input terminals from the second winding set and a second mode to couple said plurality of AC input terminals to the second winding set and decouple said plurality of AC input terminals from the first winding set;

selection means for selecting said first mode when said rotor speed is below a predetermined threshold speed and said second mode when said rotor speed is above said threshold speed.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said full-wave rectifier bridge comprises a plurality of controlled rectifiers, said apparatus further comprising control means for controlling the conduction state of said plurality of controlled rectifiers, said control means being responsive to said selection means to cut-off conduction of said controlled rectifiers during a transition from one mode to the other.

3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein said control means further controls the conduction timing of said plurality of controlled rectifiers to establish the magnitude of said DC output voltage.

4. In a vehicle electrical system having a permanent magnet alternating current generator, said generator having a rotor and a three phase Y-connected output winding comprising a plurality of respective phase windings, each respective phase winding having a respective neutral terminal, a respective output terminal and a respective tap terminal located intermediate the respective neutral and output terminals, all of said respective neutral terminals being coupled together at a neutral connection, whereby the number of turns per each respective phase winding between the neutral connection and respective tap terminal is less than the number of turns between the neutral connection and respective output terminal, said output terminals providing a first AC output voltage and said tap terminals providing a second AC output voltage, an apparatus for selectively rectifying one of said first and second AC output voltages comprising:

a full-wave rectifier bridge comprised of a plurality of controlled rectifiers and having a DC output voltage and three AC input terminals;

steering means operative in a first mode to couple said AC input terminals to the output terminals of said phase windings and decouple said AC input terminals from the tap terminals of said phase windings and a second mode to couple said AC input terminals to the tap terminals of said phase windings and decouple said AC input terminals from the output terminals of said phase windings;

selection means responsive to the speed of rotation of said rotor for selecting said first mode when the rotor speed is below a predetermined threshold speed and said second mode when said rotor speed is above said threshold speed;

control means for controlling the conduction state of said plurality of controlled rectifiers, said control means being responsive to said selection means to cut-off conduction of said controlled rectifiers during a transition from one mode to the other.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein said control means further controls the conduction timing of said plurality of controlled rectifiers to establish the magnitude of said DC output voltage.

6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein said steering means comprises a three pole double terminal relay.

7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein said selection means is effective to substantially simultaneously command the control means to cut-off conduction of said controlled rectifiers and the relay to transition from one mode to the other, said selection means further being effective to command the control means to resume conduction of said controlled rectifiers after a predetermined delay corresponding to the response time of said relay whereby current through said relay terminal is substantially zero by the time the relay transitions from one mode to the other and said relay has attained a steady state by the time said rectifier bridge resumes conduction.

8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein said selection means responsive to the speed of rotation of said rotor comprises means that responds to the frequency of voltage generated in said output winding.