Low-E glass coating system and insulating glass units made therefrom

• US 5,514,476 A
• Filed: 12/15/1994
• Issued: 05/07/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Guardian Glass LLC (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Guardian Industries Corporation (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: Lingle, Philip J., Larson, Steven L., Hartig, Klaus W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ryan, Patrick J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Krynski, William A.
• Application Number:
  US08/356,515
• Time in Patent Office: 509 Days
• Field of Search: 428/615, 428/426, 428/432, 428/457, 428/411.1, 428/688, 428/622, 428/623, 428/627, 428/630, 354/360
• US Class Current: 428/426
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/36 at least one coating being a metal
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3644 the metal being silver
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3652 the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/366 Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/78 Coatings specially designed to be durable, e.g. scratch-resistant
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12542 More than one such component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12549 Adjacent to each other
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12576 Boride, carbide or nitride component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12597 Noncrystalline silica or noncrystalline plural-oxide component [e.g., glass, etc.]

Abstract

A sputter-coated glass layer system particularly useful in insulating glass units ("IGs"), which includes a single layer of silver having a thickness of about 115 Å -190 Å located between two layers of nickel or nichrome having a thickness of 7 Å or less, and provided with an undercoat and an overcoat of Si₃ N₄ having thicknesses of about 450 Å-600 Å and about 580 Å-800 Å respectively, such that a glass so coated achieves normal emissivity values (E_n '"'"'s) of less than about 0.07 and good durability without acquiring a mirror-like and highly purple appearance.

Claims

1. A sputter-coated glass article comprised of a glass substrate having thereon from the glass outwardly, a layer system including:

a) a layer of Si₃ N₄ having a thickness of about 450 Å

-600 Å

;

b) a layer of nickel or nichrome having a thickness of about 7 Å

or less;

c) a layer of silver having a thickness of about 115 Å

-190 Å

;

d) a layer of nickel or nichrome having a thickness of about 7 Å

or less; and

e) a layer of Si₃ N₄ having a thickness of about 580 Å

-800 Å and

,

when said glass substrate has a thickness of about 2 mm-6 mm, said coated glass substrate has a visible transmittance of at least about 70%, a normal emissivity (E_n) of less than about 0.07, a hemispherical emissivity (E_h) of less than about 0.075, a sheet resistance (R_s) of less than about 5.5 ohms/_sq. and having the following reflectance and color coordinates wherein the glass side characteristics are;

R_G Y is about 12 to 19

a_h is about -3 to +3

b_h is about -5 to -20

and wherein the film side characteristics are;

R_F Y is about 8 to 12

a_h is about 0 to +6

b_h is about -5 to -30

wherein RY is the reflectance and a_h, b_h are the color coordinates as measured in Hunter units, Ill., C., 10°

observer.

2. An article according to claim 1, wherein:

the thickness of layer (a) is about 580 Å

-585 Å

, the thickness of layer (c) is about 115 Å

-155 Å and

the thickness of layer (e) is greater than about 475 Å

.

3. An article according to claim 2, wherein:

each of said layers (b) and (d) is less than about 7 Å

.

4. An article according to claim 1, wherein:

space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ GLASS SIDE R.sub.G Y in about 14.5 a.sub.h in about 1.7 b.sub.h is about -14.1 FILM SIDE R.sub.F Y is about 10.2 a.sub.h in about 5.10 b.sub.h is about -24.90______________________________________

5. An article according to claim 1, wherein said visible transmittance is about 71%-73%, said E_n, is about 0.05-0.06, said E_h is about 0.065-0.07 and said R_s is about 4.0-5.0 ohms/_sq..

6. An article according to claim 1, wherein said layer system is chemically and mechanically durable.

7. An article according to claim 1, wherein said coated substrate when viewed from the glass side the article has a color appearance within the range of neutral to slightly blue.

8. An insulating glass unit comprised of at least two substantially parallel, spaced sheets of glass wherein at least one sheet of glass is a sheet of glass according to claim 1.

9. An insulating glass unit according to claim 8, wherein said two sheets of glass are sealed together at their peripheral edges thereby to define an insulating chamber therebetween, and wherein said layer system is located on a surface of one of said glass sheets within said insulating chamber.

10. An insulating glass unit according to claim 9, wherein said unit is an insulating glass window, door or wall.

11. An insulating glass unit according to claim 10, wherein the thickness of layer (a) is about 580 Å

-585 Å

, the thickness of layer (c) is about 115 Å

-155 Å and

the thickness of layer (e) is greater than about 475 Å

.

12. An insulating glass unit according to claim 11, wherein the thickness of each of said layers (b) and (d) are less than about 7 Å

.

13. An insulating glass unit according to claim 10, wherein said layer system is located on the surface of the outside glass sheet within said insulating chamber and wherein said unit has the following reflectance and color coordinate characteristics:

when viewed from outside;

R_G Y about 16 to 18

a*, about -3 to +3

b*, about 0 to -15

when viewed from inside;

R_F Y, about 14 to 16

a*, about 0 to +5

b*, about 0 to -20

and the visible transmittance is at least about 63%.

14. An insulating glass unit according to claim 13, wherein said unit has the following reflectance and color coordinate characteristics:

when viewed from outside;

R_G Y, about 16 to 17

a*, about 0 to +3

b*, about 0 to -12

when viewed from inside;

R_F Y, about 14 to 15

a*, about 0 to +4

b*, about 0 to -17

and the visible transmittance is about 65%-68%.

15. An insulating glass unit according to claim 14, wherein said unit has the following reflectance and color coordinate characteristics:

when viewed from outside;

R_G Y, about 16.5

a*, about +1.0

b*, about -11.0

when viewed from inside;

R_F Y, about 14.8

a*, about +3.9

b*, about -16

and the visible transmittance is about 66%-67%.