Interface between SAW filter and Gilbert cell mixer

• US 5,515,014 A
• Filed: 11/30/1994
• Issued: 05/07/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies General IP PTE Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T Corporation (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Troutman, Dennis L.
• Primary Examiner(s): MIS, DAVID C
• Application Number:
  US08/346,668
• Time in Patent Office: 524 Days
• Field of Search: 332/135, 332/136, 332/146, 332/178, 327/356, 327/359, 331/107 A, 333/193, 333/218, 333/194, 333/195, 333/196, 395/257, 395/258, 348/7, 348/10, 348/11, 348/12, 348/13, 455/5.1-6.3, 455/73, 455/108, 455/112, 455/118, 455/323-325, 455/333
• US Class Current: 332/178
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 1/545 using bipolar transistors
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 2200/0012 Emitter or source coupled transistor pairs or long tail pairs
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 2200/002 Filters with particular characteristics
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 2200/0025 Gilbert multipliers
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 2200/0025 Gain control circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 7/1433 using bipolar transistors H03D7/145 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 7/1458 Double balanced arrangements, i.e. where both input signals are differential
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/102 Circuits therefor, e.g. noise reducers, equalisers, amplifiers H04N7/108 takes precedence

Abstract

The invention concerns multipliers used to modulate a carrier by a signal. The signal is delivered by a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter, which requires a load impedance of low value, in the range of tens of ohms, and almost certainly less than 200 ohms. The invention modifies a Gilbert multiplier such that its signal-input stage presents the required load impedance to the SAW. The input impedance of the signal-input stage is adjustable.

Claims

1. A modulator, comprising:

a) a SAW filter for receiving a signal;

b) a Gilbert multiplier which includes

i) an input for receiving the signal from the SAW filter; and

ii) means for adjusting the impedance of the input.

2. In a multiplier for a signal, the improvement comprising:

a) a SAW filter for delivering the signal; and

b) Gilbert multiplier means for receiving the signal at a port

i) having an input impedance of less than 200 ohms, and

ii) having no significant Miller capacitance.

3. The combination comprising;

a) a Gilbert multiplier which includes a signal input port, and a carrier input port, and

b) means for providing, at the signal input port, an input impedance less than 200 ohms.

4. A modulator, comprising:

a) a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter

i) for delivering an information signal; and

ii) requiring a load impedance of less than 200 ohms.

a) a multiplier which

i) has a signal input port which presents an input impedance of less than 200 ohms;

i) receives the information signal from the SAW at the input port; and

ii) multiplies the information signal by a carrier signal which exceeds 10 MHz.

5. A modulator, comprising:

a) an integrated circuit (IC) which contains a Gilbert multiplier, and which includes a pair of signal input pins; and

b) means for causing the pair of signal input pins to present an input impedance of less than 200 ohms.

6. A modulator, comprising:

a) a Gilbert-type multiplier having first and second input ports, for multiplying signals presented to the ports by each other, in which the first port has an input impedance of less than 200 ohms;

b) a signal source;

c) a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter connected between the signal source and the first input port; and

d) oscillator means, connected to the second input port, for delivering no more than 3.5 milliwatts of power to the second input port.

7. A mixer which comprises components connected according to the following netlist, which follows SPICE syntax,

1 R1 0, 1

2 R2 0, 2

3 C1 3, 0

4 C2 4, 0

5 Q1 5, 3, 1

6 Q2 6, 4, 2

7 Q3 9, 10, 5

8 Q4 8, 7, 5

9 Q5 9, 7, 6

Q6 8, 10, 6.

wherein nodes 7 and 10 represent a first input port, nodes 1 and 2 represent a second input port.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7 and further comprising a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter for delivering an information signal to the second port.

9. A method of transferring data, comprising:

a) filtering a signal provided by a signal source through a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter;

b) applying the filtered signal to a Gilbert multiplier, which is modified to comprise a common-base input stage;

c) applying a local oscillator signal to another input of the Gilbert multiplier; and

d) delivering the output of the Gilbert multiplier to a transmission line which carries cable television signals.

10. For an integrated circuit containing a Gilbert multiplier which has a signal-input stage internally biased in common-emitter mode, the improvement comprising:

a) means for converting the signal-input stage to common-base mode.

11. Apparatus according to claim 10, and further comprising

b) a signal source for providing a signal to the signal-input stage;

and

c) a surface acoustic wave filter for filtering the signal prior to reaching the signal-input stage.

12. For an integrated circuit (IC) comprising a Gilbert multiplier, and including the following components:

A) a pair of signal input pins, connected to respective bases of first and second BJTs, which are connected within the IC in common-emitter mode;

C) a pair of GAIN ADJUST pins, connected to respective emitters of said BJTs;

D) a BIAS pin connected to bases of third and fourth BJTs, which receive current from the first and second BJTs; and

E) an emitter power supply pin (V_EE),

the improvement comprising;

a) means for grounding the BIAS pin,

b) means for creating a pair of signal shorts, each between a respective signal pin and ground,

c) means for applying a signal to the GAIN ADJUST pins,

d) means for turning off the third and fourth BJTs, to thereby bias the first and second BJT'"'"'s in common-base mode.