Electronic seal

• US 5,515,030 A
• Filed: 04/09/1993
• Issued: 05/07/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 04/09/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Verizon Patent and Licensing Incorporated (Verizon Communications Inc.)
• Original Assignee: NYNEX Science & Technology, Inc. (Verizon Communications Inc.)
• Inventors: Citron, Howard M., Baietto, Henry R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Peng, John K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee, Benjamin C.
• Application Number:
  US08/045,642
• Time in Patent Office: 1,124 Days
• Field of Search: 340/545, 340/541, 340/570, 340/568, 340/572, 340/652, 340/540, 340/555, 340/562, 379/147, 379/33, 379/37, 379/143, 292/307 R, 194/216
• US Class Current: 340/545.2
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 1/32 Time-recording locks
• CPC Class Codes: G09F 3/0394 with violation indication by generating a random number random number generators G06F7/58, G07C15/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 17/02 Coin-freed or check-freed systems , e.g. mobile- or card-operated phones, public telephones or booths

Abstract

A reusable electronic seal is provided for detecting whether the contents of a container may have been disturbed. In a preferred embodiment, the electronic seal is used in conjunction with a coin box of a pay telephone. The reusable electronic seal is adapted to permanently or removably attach to the lid of the coin box. The electronic seal includes a latch pin, a switch operatively connected to the latch pin, a timer chip operatively connected to the switch, a latch pin spring for securing the electronic seal to the latch of the coin box and for resetting the timer chip, and a crystal for generating a fixed frequency to the timer chip. The electronic seal further includes an infrared light emitting diode that modulates the light emitting diode and sends a signal to a communications device, and a phototransistor for reading the clock signal from the communications device and a battery for supplying power to the timer chip, the infrared light emitting diode, the phototransistor and the crystal.

Claims

1. A reusable electronic seal device removably attached to a door of a container having a latch for detecting that the door has been opened, said electronic seal including:

a latch pin having a retracted position when the door is open and an extended position when the door is closed;

a latch pin spring operatively connected to said latch pin for urging said latch pin to its extended position to secure said electronic seal to the latch of the container;

means for emitting a frequency signal;

a timer chip for receiving the frequency signal;

means operatively connected to said latch pin and said timer chip, for permitting the frequency signal to flow through said timer chip when said latch pin is in the extended position and for preventing frequency from reaching said timer chip when said latch pin is in its retracted position to derive a time count indicative of the state of the seal,

wherein said electronic seal detects whether the door of the container has been opened, and wherein said electronic seal is not damaged when removed from the door.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein said electronic seal further includes means for generating said frequency signal to said timer chip and means for supplying power to said timer chip and said generating means.

3. The device according to claim 2, further comprising a plurality of resistors and capacitors operatively connected to said timer chip.

4. The device according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of diodes operatively connected to said timer chip.

5. The device according to claim 2, wherein said supplying means includes a battery.

6. The device according to claim 5, wherein said battery is a lithium battery.

7. The device according to claim 2, wherein said generating means is a crystal.

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the container is a coin box of a pay telephone, and wherein the door is a lid of the coin box.

9. A reusable electronic seal device removably attached to a latch of a door of a container for detecting that the door has been opened, said electronic seal including:

a latch pin having a retracted position when the door is open and an extended position when the door is closed;

a latch pin spring for urging said latch pin to the extended position to secure said electronic seal to the container;

a switch operatively connected to said latch pin and adapted to be activated when said latch pin is in the extended position; and

means for emitting a frequency signal;

a timer chip for receiving the frequency signal, and operatively connected to said switch, wherein said has frequency signal flows through said timer chip when said switch is activated, wherein said swatch stops the frequency signal from reaching said timer chip when said latch pin is in its retracted position to derive a time count indicative of the state of the seal,

wherein said electronic seal is not damaged when removed from the door.

10. The device according to claim 9, further comprising means for supplying power to said timer chip and said emitting means, wherein said switch is deactivated and power ceases to said timer chip when said latch pin is retracted.

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein said electronic seal further includes a plurality of resistors and capacitors, and a plurality of diodes.

12. The device according to claim 10, wherein said supplying means includes a battery.

13. The device according to claim 10, wherein said generating means is a crystal that provides stable oscillation so that said timer chip maintains accurate time.

14. The device according to claim 9, wherein said electronic seal further includes a phototransistor for receiving a clock signal from an external communications device and a light emitting diode for sending a time count to the external communication device.

15. The device according to claim 14, wherein said light emitting diode is an infrared light emitting diode.

16. The device according to claim 9, wherein said electronic seal further includes a substrate operatively connected to said switch, having said timer chip, a light emitting diode, a phototransistor, and said emittive means positioned on one side of said substrate and operatively connected together by said substrate, and having power supply means positioned on the other side of said substrate.

17. The device according to claim 16, wherein said supplying means is removably connected to said substrate.

18. The device according to claim 16, wherein said substrate with said timer chip, said light emitting diode, said phototransistor, and said generating means form a printed circuit board assembly.

19. The device according to claim 9, wherein said timer chip has a clock.

20. The device according to claim 9, wherein said switch resets said timer chip when said latch pin spring urges said latch pin to its extended position to secure said electronic seal to the door of the container.

21. The device according to claim 9, wherein said electronic seal is permanently mounted to the container.

22. The device according to claim 9, wherein said electronic seal is permanently mounted to the door of the container.

23. The device according to claim 9, wherein the container is a coin box of a pay telephone, and wherein the door is a lid of the coin box.

24. A reusable electronic seal removably attached to a door of a container for detecting that the door has been opened, wherein the door has a latch, said electronic seal including:

a latch pin having a retracted position when the door is open and an extended position when the door is closed;

a latch pin spring operatively connected to said latch pin for urging said latch pin to the extended position in which said electronic seal is secured to the latch of the container;

a switch operatively connected to said latch pin, said switch adapted to be activated when the latch pin is in the extended position;

means for generating a fixed frequency signal to a timer chip to derive a time count indicative of the state of the seal;

said timer chip receiving the fixed frequency signal, and operatively connected to said switch, wherein a timer frequency signal flows through said timer chip in response to said fixed frequency signal and when said switch is activated, said switch stopping the fixed frequency signal from reaching said timer chip when said latch pin is in its retracted position to terminate the time count;

a phototransistor, operatively connected to said timer chip, for receiving a clock signal from an external communications device for synchronizing communications with the external communications device;

a light emitting diode, operatively connected to said timer chip, for communicating the time count to the external communications device; and

means for supplying power to said timer chip, said generating means, said phototransistor and said light emitting diode,

wherein said electronic seal is adapted to detect whether the door of the container has been opened, and wherein the electronic seal is not damaged when removed from the door.

25. The device according to claim 24, wherein said light emitting diode is an infrared light emitting diode.

26. A reusable electronic seal removably attached to a lid of a coin box of a pay telephone to detect that the lid has been opened, wherein the lid has a latch, said electronic seal including:

a latch pin having a retracted position when the lid is open and an extended position when the lid is closed;

a latch pin spring operatively connected to said latch pin for urging said latch pin to the extended position in which said electronic seal is secured to the latch;

a switch operatively connected to said latch pin, said switch adapted to be activated when the latch pin is in the extended position;

means for generating a fixed frequency signal to a clock of a timer chip to derive a time count indicative of the state of the seal;

said timer chip operatively connected to said switch, wherein said timer chip has said frequency signal flowing through said clock when said switch is activated, said switch stopping the frequency signal from reaching said timer chip when said latch pin is in its retracted position to terminate the time count;

a phototransistor, operatively connected to said timer chip, for receiving a clock signal from an external communications device for synchronizing communications with the external device;

a light emitting diode, operatively connected to said timer chip, for communicating the time count to the external communications device; and

means for supplying power to said timer chip, said generating means, said phototransistor and said light emitting diode,

wherein said switch prevents said frequency signal from reaching said timer chip when said latch pin is in the retracted position, and wherein said switch resets said timer chip when said latch pin spring urges said latch pin to the extended position to secure said electronic seal to the lid of the coin box.