Method and apparatus for representing a work area in a three-dimensional structure

• US 5,515,160 A
• Filed: 09/09/1994
• Issued: 05/07/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 03/12/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Aesculap AG (B. Braun Holding GmbH & Co. KG)
• Original Assignee: Aesculap AG (B. Braun Holding GmbH & Co. KG)
• Inventors: Wieneke, Paul, Schulz, Hans-Joachim, Tummler, Hanns-Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Hoa Q.
• Application Number:
  US08/302,676
• Time in Patent Office: 606 Days
• Field of Search: 356/372, 356/375, 356/376, 356/241, 359/368, 600/101, 600/103, 600/109, 600/114, 600/117, 600/118, 600/175, 348/65, 348/66, 348/68, 348/79, 250/560, 250/561
• US Class Current: 356/241.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/107 Visualisation of planned trajectories or target regions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2063 Acoustic tracking systems, e.g. using ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/378 using ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3929 Active markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/361 Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 21/00 Microscopes
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 23/2415 Stereoscopic endoscopes

Abstract

In order to ensure, in a process for representing a work area in a three-dimensional structure in which the work area is imaged by a viewing device, that the viewing device or an instrument can be introduced into the structure along a predetermined path of displacement despite the different positioning of the viewing device, it is suggested that the relative positioning of the viewing device is determined relative to the structure, that the coordinates of a path of displacement are predetermined for an instrument or for the viewing device in the structure, are compared with the respective positioning and the path of displacement is represented in its correct position in the image. A device for performing this process is also described.

Claims

1. A method for representing a work area in a three-dimensional structure, comprising the steps of:

providing an image of said work area via a viewing device;

determining the position of said viewing device or an instrument movable therewith relative to said structure;

comparing the determined position of said viewing device or instrument to a set of coordinates of a predetermined path of displacement therefor in said structure; and

representing said predetermined path of displacement in said image as a piercing point through respective observed planes of said structure to enable said viewing device or instrument to be guided generally along said predetermined path.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 comprising the further step of representing the piercing point along said path for at least one plane in addition to the plane currently being observed.

3. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said at least one additional plane adjoins the plane currently being observed, and a set of piercing points for the adjoining planes is shown next to one another in said image.

4. A method in accordance with claim 3 wherein the piercing points of different planes are illustrated in said image as being connected by a line.

5. A method in accordance with claim 4 wherein the piercing point of the plane being observed is represented differently from the piercing point(s) shown in said image for other planes.

6. A method in accordance with claim 3 wherein the piercing point of the plane being observed is represented differently from the piercing point(s) shown in said image for other planes.

7. A method in accordance with claim 3 wherein the coordinates of said path of displacement are determined from a plurality of sectional plane representations of said structure and a set of piercing points of the path of displacement in these representations.

8. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein a set of piercing points of different planes is illustrated in said image as being connected by a line.

9. A method in accordance with claim 8 wherein the piercing point of the plane being observed is represented differently from the piercing point(s) shown in said image for other planes.

10. A method in accordance with claim 8 wherein the coordinates of said path of displacement are determined from a plurality of sectional plane representations of said structure and a set of piercing points of the path of displacement in these representations.

11. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the piercing point of the plane being observed is represented differently from the piercing point(s) shown in said image for other planes.

12. A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the coordinates of said path of displacement are determined from a plurality of sectional plane respresentations of said structure and a set of piercing points of the path of displacement in these representations.

13. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the coordinates of said path of displacement are determined from a plurality of sectional plane representations of said structure and a set of piercing points of the path of displacement in these representations.

14. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said work area is imaged three-dimensionally and viewed steroscopically, said path of displacement being superimposed in its correct position as a three-dimensional representation within the three-dimensional image of said work area.

15. A method in accordance with claim 14 wherein said path of displacement is marked in the piercing point of the plane of observation extending through a focal point of said viewing device.

16. A method in accordance with claim 14 wherein the coordinates of said path of displacement are determined from a plurality of sectional plane representations of said structure and a set of piercing points of the path of displacement in these representations.

17. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the coordinates of said path of displacement are determined from a plurality of sectional plane representations of said structure and a set of piercing points of the path of displacement in these representations.

18. Apparatus for representing a work area in a three-dimensional structure comprising:

a viewing device for sharply imaging a plane of the work area;

measuring means for determining a position of the viewing device relative to said structure;

a comparator for comparing position data of said viewing device determined by said measuring means with a set of coordinates of a predetermined path of displacement along a plurality of respective planes in the work area;

a display unit for displaying an image of one of said plurality of planes in said work area being observed by said viewing device; and

a data memory for storing a set of data for said path of displacement relative to said structure;

wherein said display unit is responsive to said set of data for providing an image of a piercing point for the plane of said work area currently being observed by said viewing device, said piercing point being shown in its correct position along said path of displacement.