High altitude, long duration surveillance system

• US 5,518,205 A
• Filed: 09/06/1994
• Issued: 05/21/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/06/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Rockwell International Corporation
• Original Assignee: Rockwell International Corporation
• Inventors: Wright, David S., Wurst, Stephen G., Bartlett, Ray H. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Kashnikow, Andres
• Assistant Examiner(s): MARQUIS, LISSI MOJICA
• Application Number:
  US08/300,897
• Time in Patent Office: 623 Days
• Field of Search: 244/1 TD, 244/5, 244/24, 244/25, 244/28, 244/29, 244/30, 244/55, 244/56, 244/58, 244/96, 244/98, 244/99, 244/173
• US Class Current: 244/58
• CPC Class Codes: B64B 1/20 provided with wings or stabilising surfaces tail unit construction B64B1/10; movable control surfaces B64B1/12
• CPC Class Codes: B64B 1/30 Arrangement of propellers
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 2041/005 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 27/353 using solar cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/50 On board measures aiming to increase energy efficiency
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 136/291 Applications
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 136/292 Space - satellite

Abstract

A novel, high-altitude, solar powered aircraft, capable of staying aloft at high altitudes for many months or even years to conduct around the clock surveillance and/or reconnaisance, includes a forward wing with solar energy capturing cells, a rear wing, inflated pontoons for keeping the aircraft aloft, suspension wires attached to the pontoons, a gondola suspended from and connected to the wires, control apparatus for moving the gondola along the wires, shifting the weight of the aircraft and thereby enabling banking to optimize exposure of the solar cells to the rays of the sun. The gondola preferably contains a sensor suite, power generating and storage apparatus, and synthetic aperture radar imaging apparatus.

Claims

1. A solar powered aircraft, comprising:

(a) airfoil shaped wing means including container means connected thereto for storing a lighter-than-air gas,

(b) propulsion means, supported by said wing means, for generating lift in combination with said wing means,

(c) a payload supported beneath said wing means, including means to position solar cells in an optimum solar-radiation-gathering position with respect to the sun, and

(d) solar energy collecting and converting means carried by said wing means for providing power to said propulsion means.

2. The solar energy powered aircraft of claim 1, wherein said wing means includes a forward wing member carrying said solar energy collecting means.

3. The solar energy powered aircraft of claim 1, wherein said propulsion means is disposed at opposite end regions of said forward wing member.

4. The solar energy powered aircraft of claim 1, and further including suspension means carried by said wing means, said payload comprising means for engaging said suspension means to enable said payload to move between opposite sides of said wing means, whereby shifting of said payload beneath said wing means changes the center of gravity of said craft and enables the craft to bank in the direction of the shift of the payload.

5. The solar energy powered aircraft of claim 4, wherein said suspension means comprises wires spanning and connected to opposite end regions of said wing means, and said payload includes motorized means for moving along said wires.

6. The solar energy powered aircraft of claim 5, wherein said wing means comprises a forward wing and a rearward wing and pontoons interconnecting opposite end regions of said wings, said wires being connected to said pontoons.

7. A solar energy powered aircraft, comprising:

(a) wing means supporting solar cells,

(b) suspension means carried beneath said wing means,

(c) a payload supported on said suspension means, and

(d) means for coupling said payload to said suspension means including means for shifting the position of said payload between opposite sides of said wing means, whereby shifting of said payload relative to said wing means changes the orientation of the wing means relative to the horizontal and enables the craft to bank in the direction of the shift of the payload.

8. The solar energy powered aircraft of claim 7, wherein said suspension means comprises flexible elongate members and said means for coupling said payload to said suspension means comprises means for engaging said suspension means and pulling said payload along said suspension means from one side region of said wing means to another side region.

9. The solar energy powered aircraft of claim 8, wherein said payload includes a water supply and electrolysis apparatus, and further including container means towed behind said wing means for storing gaseous by-products of electrolysis, and means for fluidly coupling said container means with said electrolysis apparatus.

10. A solar energy powered aircraft, comprising:

(a) balloon means including support means and solar energy collecting apparatus carried on said support means,

(b) suspension means carried beneath said balloon means,

(c) a payload supported on said suspension means, said payload including a supply of water and electrolysis apparatus,

(d) container means towed behind said balloon means for storing the gaseous by-products of electrolysis, and

(e) means for fluidly coupling the electrolysis apparatus in said payload with said container means.

11. The aircraft of claim 10, and further comprising means for shifting the position of said payload beneath said balloon to effect banking of the aircraft, whereby the wing may be positioned in an optimum attitude with respect to the sun.