Signal synchronized digital frequency discriminator

• US 5,519,389 A
• Filed: 03/30/1992
• Issued: 05/21/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Tomar Electronics Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Tomar Electronics Incorporated
• Inventors: DeGunther, Richard, Sikora, Thomas R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Peng, John K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wu, Daniel J.
• Application Number:
  US07/859,834
• Time in Patent Office: 1,513 Days
• Field of Search: 340/870.29, 340/870.26, 340/825.71, 340/825.73, 359/158, 359/189, 250/214 R, 250/227.12
• US Class Current: 340/870.29
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0066 detection of error based on transmission code rule

Abstract

A digital frequency discriminator processes input pulses including first and second time separated input pulses to determine if the frequency of any two sequential pulses lie within a predetermined frequency band with upper and lower frequency limits and that they are received for at least a predetermined period of time. A delay timer is coupled to sense the input pulse stream and operates in a pulse sensing standby mode prior to receipt of the first input pulse. Upon receipt of the first input pulse, the delay timer switches into a time-limited active mode to define a fixed duration delay interval having a duration equal to the period of the upper frequency limit of the frequency band. The delay timer switches back into the pulse sensing standby mode upon completion of the delay interval. A gate timer is coupled to the output of the delay timer and switches from a standby mode into a time-limited active mode upon completion of the delay interval to define a fixed duration bandwidth interval. A monitoring circuit includes a first input coupled to monitor the input pulse stream and a second input coupled to monitor the output of the gate timer. The monitoring circuit generates a frequency coincidence signal when the second input pulse is received during the bandwidth interval to indicate that the frequency of the input pulse lies within the predetermined frequency band. A recognition circuit is coupled to monitor the output of the coincidence detector to ensure that the coincidence signal is received for at least a predetermined period of time.

Claims

1. A signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator for digitally processing an optical input signal including first and second time separated optical input pulses to determine if the frequency of any two sequential pulses lies within a predetermined frequency band with upper and lower frequency limits, comprising:

a. an optical signal detector circuit for receiving the optical input signal consisting of a series of spaced-apart optical pulses and for generating an electrical output signal including output pulses synchronized with the optical input pulses;

b. a delay timer having a pulse detector coupled to sense the output pulses from the optical signal detector for operating in a pulse sensing standby mode prior to receipt of the first pulse, for switching into a time-limited active mode upon receipt of the first pulse to define a fixed duration delay interval having a duration equal to the period of the upper frequency limit of the frequency band, and for switching back into the pulse sensing standby mode upon completion of the delay interval;

c. a gate timer coupled to an output of the delay timer for switching from a standby mode into a time-limited active mode upon completion of the delay interval to define a fixed duration bandwidth interval; and

d. a monitoring circuit having a first input coupled to the pulse detector to monitor the pulses and a second input coupled to monitor an output of the gate timer for generating a frequency coincidence signal when the second pulse is received during the bandwidth interval to indicate that the frequency of the optical input pulses lies within the predetermined frequency band.

2. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the upper frequency equals F_HIGH and the lower frequency limit equals F_LOW and wherein the bandwidth interval is defined by a time interval equal to ##EQU1##

3. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the delay timer includes a non-retriggerable input to prevent the delay timer from responding to pulses received during the delay interval.

4. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 3 wherein the delay timer includes a monostable multivibrator.

5. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the delay timer performs no timing function while operating in the standby mode and wherein the gate timer performs no timing function while operating in the standby mode.

6. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 5 wherein the delay timer performs a timing function only while operating in the time-limited active mode and transitions from the active mode to the standby mode at the end of the delay interval.

7. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 6 wherein the gate timer performs a timing function only while operating in the time-limited active mode and transitions from the active mode to the standby mode at the end of the bandwidth interval.

8. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claims 1 or 7 wherein receipt of the second pulse by the delay timer while the gate timer is operating in the active mode transitions the delay timer from the pulse sensing standby mode into the active mode.

9. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the delay timer includes a digital one-shot having a non-retriggerable input.

10. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 9 wherein the gate timer includes a digital one-shot having either a retriggerable or a non-retriggerable input.

11. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the optical pulses are generated by a strobe flash lamp.

12. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 11 further including an external housing for enclosing the digital frequency discriminator, the external housing including an outer surface with closed upper and lower end surfaces, a hollow interior and an optical input aperture disposed in the side surface of the external housing in alignment with the optical signal detector circuit for enabling the optical input signal to be transmitted into the interior of the housing for reception by the optical signal detector circuit.

13. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 12 further including an optical channel with a hollow interior surface coupled to the optical input aperture and oriented perpendicular to and extending outward from the side surface of the external housing for limiting the field of view of the optical signal detector circuit.

14. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 13 wherein:

a. the optical input aperture in the side of the housing includes a female coupling; and

b. the optical channel includes a first end having a male coupling dimensioned for detachably coupling the first end of the optical channel to the female coupling of the optical input aperture.

15. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 14 further including a first viewport element coupled between the first end of the optical channel and the optical input aperture.

16. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 15 wherein the first viewport element includes a non-refractive optical element having a controlled amount of light attenuating material to reduce the intensity of the optical input signal passing through the viewport element.

17. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 16 wherein the female coupling surface of the optical input aperture includes female threads and the male coupling surface of the first end of the optical channel includes male threads to facilitate removal of the optical channel from the optical input aperture and replacement of the viewport element.

18. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 16 further including a sealing device positioned in series with a moisture flow path extending between the optical channel and the optical input aperture to block the flow of moisture across the moisture flow path.

19. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claims 16 or 17 further including a second viewport element geometrically identical to the first viewport element but including a higher level of light attenuating material to reduce the intensity of the optical input signal to a greater degree than the first viewport element.

20. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 13 further including a visual signal detection confirmation indicator coupled to the monitoring circuit, positioned within the interior of the housing and aligned to be visible through the optical channel from a location spaced apart from the housing, the visual signal detection confirmation indicator being activated in response to reception by the discriminator of an optical input signal having a frequency within the predetermined frequency band.

21. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 20 wherein the optical pulses have an intensity and wherein the discriminator further includes an aperture block having an upper surface, a face with a defined height and a light transmissive aperture of a defined size to limit the intensity of the optical pulses passed from the optical input aperture to the optical signal detector circuit.

22. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 21 wherein the height of the face of the aperture block is limited to create an optically clear gap disposed above the upper surface of aperture block and between the optical input aperture and a spaced apart location within the interior of the housing.

23. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 22 wherein the visual signal detection confirmation indicator is positioned at the spaced apart location above the upper surface of the aperture block and in optical alignment with the gap and with the optical input aperture to enable the visual signal detection confirmation indicator to be viewed from a location spaced apart from the housing.

24. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 22 wherein the signal detection confirmation indicator includes a light emitting diode.

25. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the optical pulses are generated by a light emitting diode.

26. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the optical pulses are generated by a laser.

27. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claims 1 or 11 wherein the input pulses include both in-band and out-of-band frequency components.

28. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 27 wherein the input pulses include a first optical input signal consisting of a series of spaced apart optical input pulses lying within the predetermined frequency band and a second optical input signal including a series of spaced apart optical input pulses lying outside the predetermined frequency band, and wherein the monitoring circuit generates a frequency coincidence signal only in response to the first optical input signal.

29. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 1 wherein the digital frequency discriminator includes a recognition circuit for receiving the frequency coincidence signal from the monitoring circuit and for generating a recognition signal upon receiving successive frequency coincidence signals for at least a predetermined time interval.

30. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 29 wherein the frequency coincidence signal includes coincidence pulses and wherein the predetermined time interval is of a sufficient duration to ensure that two or more coincidence pulses are generated before generating the recognition signal.

31. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claims 29 or 30 further including a visual signal detection confirmation indicator coupled to receive the recognition signal for generating a visible signal detection confirmation signal in response to reception by the discriminator of an optical input signal having a frequency within the predetermined band.

32. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 31 wherein the visual signal detection confirmation circuit includes a light emitting diode visible from a location spaced apart from the digital frequency discriminator.

33. A signal-synchronized digital signal discriminator for providing a control signal only in response to an input signal lying within a predetermined frequency range with upper and lower frequency limits wherein the input signal is present for a predetermined period of time, the discriminator comprising:

a. a first non-retriggerable logic circuit with an input coupled to receive the input signal for generating an output pulse having a pulse duration set equal to the period of the upper frequency limit;

b. a second logic circuit with an input operatively connected to the output of the first logic circuit for generating an output pulse with a pulse duration determining the bandwidth of the discriminator;

c. a coincidence detector having a first input coupled to the input of the first logic circuit and a second input coupled to the output of the second logic circuit for comparing the input of the first logic circuit to the output of the second logic circuit and for generating a coincidence signal when the inputs occur simultaneously;

d. a third non-retriggerable resettable logic circuit having a pulse duration set to determine the predetermined period of time and having an input coupled to receive the coincidence signal;

e. a fourth retriggerable logic circuit with a pulse duration set to be slightly longer than the period of the lower frequency limit and having an input operatively connected to the output of the coincidence detector;

f. reset means coupled to sense the output state of the third and fourth logic circuits for resetting the third logic circuit if the fourth logic circuit changes state before the third logic circuit changes state; and

g. a recognition detector coupled to the third and fourth logic circuits to generate the control signal when the third logic circuit changes state before the fourth logic circuit changes state.

34. The signal-synchronized digital signal discriminator of claim 33 further including an output timing and control circuit controlled by the output of the recognition detector for generating a selectable discriminator output signal.

35. The signal-synchronized digital signal discriminator of claim 33 wherein the pulse duration of each logic circuit is established by a resistor-capacitor timing network.

36. The signal-synchronized digital signal discriminator of claim 33 wherein the pulse duration of the fourth logic circuit is shorter than two times the period of the first logic circuit.

37. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 36 including an optical signal detector circuit for receiving an optical input signal consisting of a series of spaced apart optical pulses and for generating an electrical output signal synchronized with the input pulses for further processing by the delay timer.

38. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 37 further including an external housing for enclosing the digital frequency discriminator, the housing including a cylindrical side surface with closed upper and lower end surfaces, a hollow interior and an optical input aperture disposed in the side surface of the housing in alignment with the optical signal detector circuit, the housing further including an optical channel with a hollow cylindrical interior surface coupled to the optical input aperture and oriented perpendicular to and extending outward from the side surface of the housing for enabling the optical input signal to be transmitted into the interior of the housing for reception by the optical signal detector circuit and for limiting the field of view of the optical signal detector circuit.

39. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 38 further including a cylindrical, optically transmissive viewport element coupled to the optical channel and having a circular perimeter sealed to the optical channel.

40. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claims 33 or 39 further including a visual signal detection confirmation indicator coupled to receive the recognition signal transmitting a visible confirmation signal through the optical input aperture, the viewport element and the optical channel such that the signal can be seen by a human observer spaced apart from the housing when the recognition signal is received by the visual signal detection confirmation indicator.

41. The signal-synchronized digital frequency discriminator of claim 40 wherein the visual signal detection confirmation circuit includes a light emitting diode visible from a location spaced apart from the housing.

42. A method for digitally processing an input pulse stream including a series of sequential pulses to determine if the frequency of any two sequential pulses lies within a predetermined frequency band comprising the steps of:

a. operating a pulse detector in a pulse sensing standby mode prior to receipt of the first input pulse;

b. disabling the pulse detector and switching into a time-limited active mode upon receipt of the first input pulse and defining a fixed duration delay interval commencing upon receipt of the first input pulse;

c. resetting the pulse detector to operate in the pulse sensing standby mode upon completion of the delay interval;

d. defining a bandwidth interval commencing upon completion of the delay interval;

e. generating a frequency coincidence signal when the second input pulse is sensed during the bandwidth interval to indicate that the frequency of the input pulse train lies within the predetermined frequency band; and

f. receiving the frequency coincidence signal and generating a recognition signal upon receiving successive frequency coincidence signals for at least a predetermined time interval.

43. The method of claim 42 including the further step of detecting the recognition signal and generating a visual signal detection confirmation signal.

44. The method of claim 43 wherein the signal detection confirmation signal is generated by a light emitting diode positioned to be visible from a spaced-apart location.