Composite electrolytes for electrochemical devices

• US 5,521,023 A
• Filed: 08/05/1994
• Issued: 05/28/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/16/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lithium Battery, LLC
• Original Assignee: Lithium Battery, LLC
• Inventors: Kejha, Joseph B., Hope, Stephen F.
• Primary Examiner(s): KALAFUT, STEPHEN J
• Application Number:
  US08/286,345
• Time in Patent Office: 662 Days
• Field of Search: 429/129, 429/142, 429/190, 429/192, 204/282, 252/62.2
• US Class Current: 429/142
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 1/122 Ionic conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A solid state polymer electrolyte composite which is formed by coating an inert electrically insulating ribbon or sheet of expanded or perforated plastic film with a liquid, ion-conductive polymer, and curing the polymer to form a solid state or semi-solid state electrolyte composite.

Claims

1. A solid or semi-solid state electrolyte composite for electrochemical devices wherein the electrolyte composite comprises

an electrically insulating ribbon of expanded plastic film which has been coated with and is embedded in an ionically conductive solid or semi-solid state matrix, and

said solid or semi-solid state matrix includes an ion conductive liquid which has been complexed with an alkali metal, or alkaline earth metal trifluoromethane sulfonate salt and polyethylene oxide.

3. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix additionally contains a radiation curable polymer.

4. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said plastic film is polypropylene.

5. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said plastic film is polyethylene.

6. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said plastic film is polyester.

7. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said plastic film is ethylenetetrafluoroethylene.

8. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said plastic film is polytetrafluoroethylene.

9. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said plastic film is polyvinylfluoride.

10. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said alkali metal trifluoromethane sulfonate is lithium trifluoromethane sulfonate.

11. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains propylene carbonate and 1, 2 Dimethoxyethane.

12. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.

13. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains butylene carbonate.

14. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains propylene carbonate and tetrahydrofuran.

15. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains ethylene carbonate and 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran.

16. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains at least one ester.

17. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains at least one ether.

18. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains at least one pyrrolidinone.

19. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains at least one ester and one ether.

20. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains at least one pyrrolidinone and at least one ether.

21. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains propylene carbonate and 1,2-Dimethoxypropane.

22. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains 1,5 dimethyl-2, pyrrolidinone and 1,2 dimethoxyethane.

23. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate.

24. A composite as defined in claim 1 or 2 in which said matrix contains ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate.

25. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 which additionally contains lithium hexafluorophosphate salt.

26. A composite as defined in claims 1 or 2 in which said expanded or perforated plastic film is of porous plastic material.

2. A solid or semi-solid state electrolyte composite for electrochemical devices wherein the electrolyte composite comprises

an electrically insulating ribbon of perforated plastic film which has been coated with and is embedded in an ionically conductive solid or semi-solid matrix, and

said solid or semi-solid state matrix includes an ion conductive liquid which has been complexed with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal trifluoromethane sulfonate salt and polyethylene oxide.