Apparatus particularly for use in the determination of the condition of the vegetative part of the nervous system

• US 5,522,386 A
• Filed: 11/24/1993
• Issued: 06/04/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Prognomed N.V.
• Original Assignee: Eduard N. Lerner
• Inventors: Lerner, Eduard N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sykes, Angela D.
• Application Number:
  US08/140,056
• Time in Patent Office: 923 Days
• Field of Search: 128/731-4, 128/736, 128/739-42, 128/744, 128/745-6
• US Class Current: 600/547
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0533 Measuring galvanic skin response
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1106 to assess neuromuscular blockade, e.g. to estimate depth of anaesthesia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4011 Evaluating olfaction, i.e. sense of smell
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4035 Evaluating the autonomic nervous system

Abstract

Apparatus for use in the determination of the condition of the vegetative part of the nervous system and/or of sensory functions of an organism, i.e. a human being or animal. The apparatus comprises devices for generating and supplying to said organism at least one sensory stimulus chosen from a group of sensory stimuli, such as visual, sound, olfactory, gustatory, tactile or pain stimuli, and devices for measuring the skin potential and the evoked response of the organism to a stimulus. The measured data are processed by processing devices for automatically controlling the supply of at least one stimulus for providing a non-rhythmical sequence of stimuli. Preferably, pairs of stimuli are supplied for developing a conditioned reflex.

Claims

1. Apparatus for use in the determination of the condition of the vegetative part of the nervous system and/or of sensory functions of an organism, comprising:

first means for measuring the skin or organ surface potential of the organism;

means for generating and supplying to the organism at least one sensory stimulus selected from the group consisting of pain, visual, sound, tactile, olfactory and gustatory, and

second means for measuring the evoked response of the organism to the at least one sensory stimulus,

processing means for processing the skin or organ surface potential and the evoked response values measured by the measuring means, and

control means operating independently of the second means for measuring the evoked response, said control means controlling the supply of the at least one stimulus in terms of its type, intensity, duration and/or repetition rate subject to the skin or organ surface potential and the evoked response values measured by said first and second measuring means and processed by said processing means, for automatically providing a non-rhythmical sequence of stimuli.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing means are arranged for determining the condition of the vegetative nervous system by ascertaining the average value of the skin or organ surface potential in terms of DC and AC parameters, measured without a stimulus being supplied.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the processing means are arranged for detecting habituation or adaptation of the organism to the sensory stimuli supplied by analyzing the amplitude of the measured evoked response.

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the control means are arranged for providing a first and second stimulus selected from said group of sensory stimuli, the second stimulus provoking an emotional type response, its type, intensity, duration and/or repetition rate being subject to the determined condition of the vegetative nervous system and the detected habituation or adaptation of the organism to the first stimulus.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first stimulus is adapted to a sensory function of the organism.

6. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the processing means comprise analog or digital peak value detecting means for detecting a decrease in the amplitude of the measured evoked response, below a certain, predetermined level.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing means comprise analog or digital filter means for analyzing the measured skin or organ surface potential.

8. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing means comprise waveform analyzing means.

9. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing means and the control means (8) comprise programmable computer means having memory means (15,16) for processing the measured values and controlling the sequence of stimuli to be supplied to the organism.

10. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first means for measuring the skin or organ surface potential of the organism comprise DC voltmeter means.

11. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first measuring means for measuring the skin or organ surface potential and the second means for measuring the evoked response of the organism comprise at least one amplifier having a pair of electrodes for application to the skin or the surface of an organ, the at least one amplifier having a time constant of 1 sec or higher.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the at least one amplifier is a DC amplifier.

13. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the at least one amplifier comprises means for compensating the background level of the skin or organ surface potential.

14. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first measuring means comprise recording means for recording measured electric signals.

15. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for generating and supplying at least one sensory stimulus comprise several stimulus generators for supplying sensory stimuli of a mutually different type, the control means being arranged for providing a non-rhythmical arbitrary sequence of stimuli of different type.

16. Apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the control means are arranged for providing pairs of stimuli of mutually different type.

17. Apparatus according to claim 1, comprising at least one electrical generator, having means for supplying an adjustable electrical signal above the pain threshold of the organism, and at least one optical signal generator, having means for supplying an adjustable optical signal to the organism, and at least one sound generator, having means for supplying an adjustable sound signal to the organism, and means for supplying an adjustable, selective tactile stimulus to the organism, and means for supplying an adjustable, selective olfactory stimulus to the organism, and means for supplying an adjustable, selective gustatory stimulus to the organism.

18. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the stimulus generating means and processing means are cooperatively interconnected, in order to uniquely determine the response to a specific stimulus.

19. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing means comprise means for presenting processed measured data relating to a medical condition of the organism under examination.

20. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing means comprise means for inputting, data relating to a medical condition of the organism under examination.