Rechargeable positive electrode
First Claim
1. A battery cell which comprises:
- a) a positive electrode comprising a mixture ofi) between about 20% to about 80% active-sulfur in percent by weight;
ii) a gel-state or solid-state ionically conductive material in percent by weight between about 15% to 75%; and
iii) an electronically conductive material in a percent by weight between about 5% and about 40%;
the mixture having between about 10% and about 100% of the active-sulfur accessible to any charge carriers;
b) a current collector electrically connected to the positive electrode;
c) a negative electrode; and
d) an electrolyte separator;
wherein the active-sulfur is elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing discharge products of elemental sulfur.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Disclosed are battery cells comprising a sulfur-based positive composite electrode. Preferably, said cells are secondary cells, and more preferably thin film secondary cells. In one aspect, the cells can be in a solid-state or gel-state format wherein either a solid-state or gel-state electrolyte separator is used. In another aspect of the invention, the cells are in a liquid format wherein the negative electrode comprises carbon, carbon inserted with lithium or sodium, or a mixture of carbon with lithium or sodium. The novel battery systems of this invention have a preferred operating temperature range of from -40° C. to 145° C. with demonstrated energies and powers far in excess of state-of-the-art high-temperature battery systems.
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Citations
61 Claims
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1. A battery cell which comprises:
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a) a positive electrode comprising a mixture of i) between about 20% to about 80% active-sulfur in percent by weight; ii) a gel-state or solid-state ionically conductive material in percent by weight between about 15% to 75%; and iii) an electronically conductive material in a percent by weight between about 5% and about 40%;
the mixture having between about 10% and about 100% of the active-sulfur accessible to any charge carriers;b) a current collector electrically connected to the positive electrode; c) a negative electrode; and d) an electrolyte separator; wherein the active-sulfur is elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing discharge products of elemental sulfur. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A battery cell which comprises:
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(a) a positive composite electrode comprising active-sulfur in a percentage by weight from 20% to 80%, an ionically conductive material in a percentage by weight from 15% to 75%, and an electronically conductive material in a percentage by weight from 5% to 40%, the positive composite having between about 10% and about 100% of the active-sulfur accessible to any charge carriers; (b) a negative electrode; and (c) a solid-state electrolyte separator or a gel-state electrolyte separator; wherein the active-sulfur is elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing discharge products of elemental sulfur. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. A battery cell which comprises:
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(a) a negative electrode which comprises carbon, carbon inserted with lithium or sodium, or a mixture of carbon with lithium or sodium; and (b) a positive composite electrode comprising active-sulfur in a percentage by weight of from 20% to 80%, an ionically conductive material in a percentage weight of from 15% to 75%, and an electronically conductive material in a percentage by weight from 5% to 40%, wherein the positive composite electrode has between about 10% mid about 100% of the active-sulfur accessible to any charge carriers, and wherein the active-sulfur is elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing discharge products of elemental sulfur. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54)
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55. A battery cell which comprises:
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a) a positive electrode consisting essentially of a mixture of i) between about 20% to about 80% active-sulfur in percent by weight; ii) a gel-state or solid-state ionically conductive material in percent by weight between about 15% to 75%; and iii) an electronically conductive material in a percent by weight between about 5% and about 40%;
the mixture having between about 10% and about 100% of the active-sulfur accessible to any charge carriers;b) a current collector electrically connected to the positive electrode; c) a negative electrode; and d) an electrolyte separator; wherein the active-sulfur is elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing discharge products of elemental sulfur. - View Dependent Claims (56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61)
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Specification