Remediation apparatus and method for organic contamination in soil and groundwater

• US 5,525,008 A
• Filed: 01/11/1995
• Issued: 06/11/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 01/11/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: James Thomas Wilson
• Original Assignee: James Thomas Wilson
• Inventors: Wilson, James T.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOVOSAD, STEPHEN
• Application Number:
  US08/371,225
• Time in Patent Office: 517 Days
• Field of Search: 405/128, 405/263, 405/52, 166/270, 166/271, 166/300, 166/268, 588/218, 210/747, 210/759, 210/763
• US Class Current: 405/128.5
• CPC Class Codes: B09C 1/00 Reclamation of contaminated soil
• CPC Class Codes: B09C 1/002 involving in-situ ground water treatment
• CPC Class Codes: B09C 1/08 chemically
• CPC Class Codes: B09C 2101/00 In situ
• CPC Class Codes: E02D 3/00 Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil securing of slopes or inclines E02D17/20; damming or interrupting passage of underground water E02D19/12; improving soil for agricultural purposes A01; soil stabilisation for road building or like purposes E01C21/00, E01C23/10; setting rock anchoring bolts E21D
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/04 Gravelling of wells
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/00 Survey of boreholes or wells monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid E21B21/08

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for in-situ treatment of soil and groundwater contaminated with organic pollutants. The process involves defining the nature and extent of the contamination; determining the hydrology and geology of the contaminated area; determining the volume and concentration of a reactive solution required to effect treatment of the contaminated area; injecting the reactive solution into one or more injectors that are inserted into the ground, sealed and positioned so as to assure flow of the reactive solution through the contaminated area; allowing the reactive solution to flow through the contaminated area thereby reacting chemically with the contaminants contained within the contaminated area; and determining when the treatment is complete by monitoring by-products of the chemical reaction. Preferably, the reactive solution is an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and metallic salts.

Claims

1. A method for the in-situ treatment and remediation of a contaminated underground area that contains chemical contaminants comprising the steps of:

determining an effective amount of a reactive solution required to treat the contaminated area;

injecting at an effective pressure and at a flow rate in excess of a sustainable yield the amount of the reactive solution into one or more injectors that are inserted into the ground, sealed and positioned so as to assure liquid flow and dispersion of the reactive solution through the contaminated area;

allowing said reactive solution to flow through the contaminated area thereby reacting chemically with the contaminants contained within the contaminated area; and

determining completion of the chemical reaction by monitoring by-products of the chemical reaction.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the reactive solution chemically oxidizes the organic contaminants.

3. The method according to claim 2 wherein the reactive solution is a hydrogen peroxide solution in a range of 10%-100% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.

4. The method according to claim 3 wherein the reactive solution is injected at a pressure of at least 5 pounds/square inch (0.35 Kg./sq.cm.).

5. The method according to claim 4 wherein the completion determining step comprises the steps of:

monitoring evolution of water vapor and carbon dioxide gas from treatment area; and

performing a target contaminant measurement on one or more samples taken from the contaminated area to document contaminant destruction.

6. The method according to claim 4 wherein the completion determining step comprises the steps of:

monitoring the evolution of water vapor and carbon dioxide gas from the treatment area along with analyzing one or more samples taken from the contaminated area for hydrogen peroxide, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen concentration.

7. A method for the in-situ treatment and remediation of a contaminated area of subsurface soil that contains chemical contaminants comprising the steps of:

mixing a pH adjusted, aqueous solution stream containing metallic salts, stabilizers and surfactants with a stream containing an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide thereby producing a reactive solution;

injecting at an effective pressure and at a flow rate in excess of a sustainable yield said reactive solution into one or more injectors which are inserted into the surface of the soil, sealed and positioned so as to assure flow of the reactive solution through the contaminated soil;

monitoring a pressure in the injector to insure that a formation pressure of the soil is not exceeded;

allowing said reactive solution to flow and disperse through the subsurface soil thereby reacting chemically with the contaminants contained within the soil; and

determining a completion of the chemical reaction by monitoring by-products of the chemical reaction and chemically analyzing one or more samples taken from the treatment area.

8. The method according to claim 7 wherein the metallic salts used in the aqueous metallic salt solution are selected from the group consisting of:

salts of iron, salts of copper, salts of magnesium, salts of tin and salts of silver.

9. The method according to claim 8 wherein the aqueous solution is a hydrogen peroxide solution in a range of 10%-100% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.

10. The method according to claim 9 wherein the reactive solution is injected at a pressure of at least 5 pounds/square inch (0.35 Kg./sq.cm.).

11. The method according to claim 10 wherein the completion determining step comprises monitoring evolution of carbon dioxide gas or water vapor from the treatment area.

12. A method for the in-situ treatment and remediation of a contaminated volume of groundwater that contains chemical contaminants comprising the steps of:

mixing a pH adjusted, aqueous solution stream containing metallic salts, stabilizers and surfactants with a stream containing an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide thereby producing a reactive solution;

injecting at an effective pressure and at a flow rate in excess of a sustainable yield said reactive solution into one or more injectors which are inserted into injector holes bored into the ground, sealed and positioned so as to assure dispersion of the reactive solution throughout the contaminated groundwater;

injecting a gas into the injector to aid in the circulation and distribution of said reactive solution throughout the contaminated groundwater;

circulating groundwater through the injector and aquifer via a closed loop groundwater recycling means;

monitoring a pressure in the injector to insure that a pressure limitation of the soil is not exceeded;

allowing said reactive solution to disperse through the groundwater thereby reacting chemically with the contaminants contained within the groundwater; and

determining a completion of the chemical reaction by monitoring by-products of the chemical reaction.

13. The method according to claim 12 wherein the metallic salts used in the aqueous metallic salt solution are selected from the group consisting of:

salts of iron, salts of copper, salts of magnesium, salts of tin and salts of silver.

14. The method according to claim 13 wherein the aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide is at least approximately 10%, and less than approximately 100% by weight solution of hydrogen peroxide.

15. The method according to claim 14 wherein the reactive solution is injected at a pressure of at least 5 pounds/square inch and does not exceed a formation pressure of the aquifer.

16. The method according to claim 15 wherein said completion determining step further comprises the step of monitoring the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the groundwater.

17. The method according to claim 15 wherein said completion determining step further comprises the step of monitoring the pH of the groundwater.

18. The method according to claim 15 wherein said completion determining step further comprises the step of monitoring the concentration of dissolved Oxygen in the groundwater.

19. The method according to claim 15 wherein said completion determining step further comprises the step of a target contaminant analysis.

20. The method according to claim 12 comprising step of injecting a gas into the groundwater through at least one sparge injector so as to initiate mechanical agitation of the groundwater.