CMOS driver circuit

• US 5,525,914 A
• Filed: 01/23/1995
• Issued: 06/11/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 01/23/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Dutta, Satyajit, Thoma, Nandor G., Nguyen, Thai Q., Cao, Tai, Trinh, Thanh D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth, David R.
• Application Number:
  US08/376,704
• Time in Patent Office: 505 Days
• Field of Search: 326/17, 326/21, 326/71, 326/73, 326/74, 326/83, 326/86, 326/93, 326/98
• US Class Current: 326/71
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 3/356034 the input circuit having a differential configuration
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 3/35613 the input circuit having a differential configuration

Abstract

A clock distribution system for a data processing system is implemented in CMOS technology wherein a full-swing differential clock signal is converted to a low-voltage swing differential clock signal by a driver'"'"'s circuit and then returned to a full-swing differential clock signal at each receiver circuit.

Claims

1. A CMOS driver circuit, comprising:

means for receiving a signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts;

means for transforming said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts,

wherein said received signal is a pair of differential signals, and said outputted corresponding signal is a pair of differential signals.

2. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said corresponding signal has a voltage swing of less than or equal to one volt.

3. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said transforming means further comprises:

means for switching said corresponding signal between first and second voltage references in relation to switching of said received signal.

4. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 3, wherein said second voltage reference is supplied by a constant current source.

5. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 4, wherein said constant current source is an n-type FET driven by a reference voltage coupled to a gate of said n-type FET.

6. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 3, wherein said switching means further comprises:

a first p-type FET having a source electrode coupled to said first voltage reference and a gate electrode coupled to said receiving means;

a first n-type FET having a gate electrode coupled to said receiving means, a drain electrode coupled to a ground potential, and a source electrode coupled to a drain electrode of said first p-type FET;

a second n-type FET having a gate electrode coupled to said source electrode of said first n-type FET and drain electrode coupled to said second voltage reference, and a source electrode coupled to said outputting means; and

a second p-type FET having a source electrode coupled to said first voltage reference, a gate electrode coupled to a drain electrode of said second p-type FET, and said drain electrode coupled to said outputting means.

7. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 4, further comprising a means for placing said driver circuit in a testing mode by switching off said current source.

8. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts is a 200 or 400 MHz clock signal.

9. The CMOS driver circuit as recited in claim 2, wherein said outputted corresponding signal has a substantially 50% duty cycle.

10. A system for distributing a clock signal, said system comprising:

a CMOS driver circuit comprising means for receiving a signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts;

means for transforming said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

a CMOS receiver circuit comprising means for receiving said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts;

means for converting said received corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts to a second corresponding signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts; and

means for outputting said second corresponding signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts,

wherein said converting means further comprises a means for switching said second corresponding signal between first and second voltage references in relation to switching of said received corresponding signal.

11. A system for distributing a clock signal, said system comprising:

a CMOS driver circuit comprising means for receiving a signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts;

means for transforming said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

a CMOS receiver circuit comprising means for receiving said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts;

means for converting said received corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts to a second corresponding signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts; and

means for outputting said second corresponding signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts,

wherein said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts is a pair of differential signals, and said outputted corresponding signal is a pair of differential signals, and said second corresponding signal is a pair of differential signals.

12. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein said corresponding signal has a voltage swing of less than or equal to one volt, and wherein said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts is a pair of differential signals, and said outputted corresponding signal is a pair of differential signals, and said second corresponding signal is a pair of differential signals.

13. The system as recited in claim 12, wherein said transforming means further comprises:

means for switching said corresponding signal between first and second voltage references in relation to switching of said received signal.

14. The system as recited in claim 13, wherein said switching means further comprises:

a first p-type FET having a source electrode coupled to said first voltage reference and a gate electrode coupled to said receiving means;

a first n-type FET having a gate electrode coupled to said receiving means, a drain electrode coupled to a ground potential, and a source electrode coupled to a drain electrode of said first p-type FET;

a second n-type FET having a gate electrode coupled to said source electrode of said first n-type FET and drain electrode coupled to said second voltage reference, and a source electrode coupled to said outputting means; and

a second p-type FET having a source electrode coupled to said first voltage reference, a gate electrode coupled to a drain electrode of said second p-type FET, and said drain electrode coupled to said outputting means.

15. The system as recited in claim 12, wherein said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than or equal to one volt is a 200 or 400 MHz clock signal having a substantially 50% duty cycle.

16. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein said means for receiving said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts includes a resistive component across said means for receiving said corresponding signal.

17. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein said converting means further comprises:

means for switching said second corresponding signal between first and second voltage references in relation to switching of said received corresponding signal.

18. The system as recited in claim 12, wherein said means for outputting said second corresponding signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts further comprises:

means for regulating said pair of differential signals outputted from said CMOS receiver circuit with each other.

19. A data processing system comprising a processor, a memory device, a bus coupling said processor to said memory device, and a system for distributing a clock signal to portions of said processor and said memory device, said clock distributing system comprising:

a CMOS driver circuit comprising means for receiving a pair of differential signals having a voltage swing greater than two volts, means for transforming said received pair of differential signals having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding pair of differential signals having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding pair of differential signals having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

a CMOS receiver circuit comprising means for receiving said corresponding pair of differential signals having a voltage swing of less than two volts;

means for converting said received corresponding pair of differential signals having a voltage swing of less than two volts to a second corresponding pair of differential signals having a voltage swing greater than two volts; and

means for outputting said second corresponding pair of differential signals having a voltage swing greater than two volts.

20. The data processing system as recited in claim 19, wherein said corresponding pair of differential signals having a voltage swing of less than two volts swing from approximately 0.5 volts to approximately 1.5 volts relative to ground.

21. A CMOS driver circuit, comprising:

means for receiving a signal having a voltage swing greater than 1.3 volts;

means for transforming said received signal having a voltage swing greater than 1.3 volts to a corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than or equal to 1.3 volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than or equal to 1.3 volts, wherein said received signal is a pair of differential signals, and said outputted corresponding signal is a pair of differential signals.

22. A CMOS driver circuit, comprising:

means for receiving a signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts;

means for transforming said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts,

wherein said transforming means further comprises a means for switching said corresponding signal between first and second voltage references in relation to switching of said received signal.

23. A CMOS driver circuit, comprising:

means for receiving a signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts;

means for transforming said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts, wherein said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts is a 200 or 400 MHz clock signal.

24. A system for distributing a clock signal, said system comprising:

a CMOS driver circuit comprising means for receiving said clock signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts;

means for transforming said received clock signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding clock signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding clock signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

a CMOS receiver circuit comprising means for receiving said corresponding clock signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts;

means for converting said received corresponding clock signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts to a second corresponding clock signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts; and

means for outputting said second corresponding clock signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts.

25. A system for distributing a clock signal, said system comprising:

a CMOS driver circuit comprising means for receiving a signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts;

means for transforming said received signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts to a corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

means for outputting said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts; and

a CMOS receiver circuit comprising means for receiving said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts;

means for converting said received corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts to a second corresponding signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts; and

means for outputting said second corresponding signal having a voltage swing greater than two volts,

wherein said means for receiving said corresponding signal having a voltage swing of less than two volts includes a resistive component across said means for receiving said corresponding signal.