Odometer assisted GPS navigation method

• US 5,525,998 A
• Filed: 08/01/1994
• Issued: 06/11/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/01/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Motorola Solutions, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Geier, George J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Issing, Gregory C.
• Application Number:
  US08/283,697
• Time in Patent Office: 680 Days
• Field of Search: 345/357, 345/457, 364/450, 364/449
• US Class Current: 342/357.3
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/28 with correlation of data from several navigational instruments
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/49 whereby the further system is an inertial position system, e.g. loosely-coupled
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/52 Determining velocity

Abstract

An odometer assisted global positioning system (GPS) method operates in a vehicle to indicate the position of the vehicle. The vehicle has an odometer, a processor, and a GPS receiver. The method knows the last position of the vehicle and finds a measured Doppler and a measured pseudo range for each satellite of the GPS which is in line of sight with the vehicle. The processor determines the Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler. The processor combines the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler in order to produce a new heading of the vehicle. The processor combines the last known position of the vehicle with the new heading and with the Doppler compensation and the measured pseudo range to provide a new position of the vehicle.

Claims

1. An odometer assisted Global Positioning System (GPS) method for vehicle positioning, said vehicle including an odometer, a processor and a GPS receiver, said method comprising the steps of:

finding a last known position of the vehicle;

finding by the GPS receiver, for each satellite of the GPS in line of sight with the vehicle, a measured Doppler and a measured pseudo range;

determining by the processor from the odometer a speed of the vehicle;

determining by the processor a Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler for each satellite of said GPS in line of sight with the vehicle;

combining by the processor the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler to produce a new heading of the vehicle;

the step of combining by the processor the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation includes the steps of;

propagating a GPS heading error variance for expected dynamics of the vehicle;

computing actual GPS heading error variance using the speed and the line of sight of each satellite with the

determining whether the actual GPS heading error variances are excessive; and

combining by the processor the last known position of the vehicle with the new heading and with the Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler and the measured pseudo range to provide a new position of the vehicle.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of determining by the processor the speed of the vehicle includes the steps of:

computing a scaling factor from odometer information including a pulse count increment and the speed of the vehicle;

retrieving a previous scaling factor; and

finding a residual difference between the scaling factor and the previous scaling factor.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of determining by the processor the speed of the vehicle further includes the steps of:

determining whether the residual difference is excessive;

if the residual difference is excessive;

incrementing a bad scale factor count;

determining whether the bad scale factor count is excessive;

reinitializing the scaling factor, if the bad scale factor count is excessive; and

computing the speed of the vehicle, if the bad scale factor count is not excessive.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of determining by the processor the speed of the vehicle further includes the steps of, if the residual difference is not excessive:

resetting the bad scale factor count;

updating the previous scaling factor to be equal to the computed scaling factor; and

computing the speed of the vehicle.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of determining by the processor the Doppler compensation includes the steps of:

determining whether the vehicle is stationary; and

constructing a stationary selective availability measurement on each measured Doppler.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of determining by the processor the Doppler compensation further includes the steps of, if the vehicle is not stationary:

determining whether differential Doppler correction is available; and

measuring differential selective availability for each measured Doppler.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said step of determining by the processor the Doppler compensation further includes the steps of, if the vehicle is not stationary and if differential Doppler correction is unavailable:

propagating Doppler compensation estimates for first and second order models; and

compensating the measured Doppler using selective availability estimates.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step of determining by the processor a Doppler compensation further includes the steps of:

processing the differential selective availability measurement to refine the selective availability estimates; and

compensating the measured Doppler using the selective availability estimates.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the step of combining by the processor the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation further includes the steps of, if the actual GPS heading error variances are not excessive:

computing a GPS heading using the speed of the vehicle and the measured Doppler; and

forming a GPS heading residual from the GPS heading and a previous GPS heading.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the step of combining by the processor the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation further includes the steps of:

determining whether the GPS heading residual is excessive;

if the heading residual is excessive;

incrementing a bad heading counter;

determining whether the bad heading counter is excessive; and

setting an invalid heading flag, if the bad heading counter is excessive.

11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the step of combining by the processor the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation further includes the steps of, if the GPS heading residual is not excessive:

resetting the bad heading counter to zero;

updating a heading estimate to be equal to the GPS heading weighted with the previous GPS heading; and

updating a heading error variance to be the GPS heading error variance weighted with a previous GPS heading error variance.

12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the step of combining by the processor the last known position includes the steps of:

propagating position error variances;

computing a pseudo range error variance; and

forming measurement residuals of an estimated position of the vehicle.

13. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the step of combining by the processor the last known position further includes the steps of:

determining whether the measurement residuals are excessive;

if the measurement residuals are excessive;

incrementing a bad measurement counter;

determining whether the bad measurement counter is excessive; and

setting an invalid position flag, if the bad measurement counter is excessive.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the step of combining by the processor the last known position further includes the steps of, if the measurement residuals are not excessive:

resetting the bad measurement counter;

updating a position of the vehicle to be the estimated position of the vehicle weighted with the measurement residuals; and

updating the position error variances to be the position error variance weighted with the pseudo range error variance.

15. An odometer assisted Global Positioning System (GPS) method for vehicle positioning, said vehicle including an odometer, a processor and a GPS receiver, said method comprising the steps of:

finding by the GPS receiver, for each satellite of the GPS in line of sight with the vehicle, a measured Doppler and a measured pseudo range;

determining by the processor from the odometer a speed of the vehicle;

determining by the processor a Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler for each satellite of said GPS in line of sight with the vehicle;

combining by the processor the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler to produce a heading of the vehicle;

the step of combining by the processor the speed of the vehicle with the Doppler compensation includes the steps of;

propagating a GPS heading error variance for expected dynamics of the vehicle;

computing actual GPS heading error variance using the speed and the line of sight of each satellite with the vehicle;

determining whether the actual GPS heading error variances are excessive; and

combining by the processor the heading with the Doppler compensation to the measured Doppler and with the measured pseudo range to provide a position of the vehicle.