Method for high pressure co-cure molding of lightweight honeycomb core composite articles having ramped surfaces utilizing low density, stabilized ramped honeycomb cores

• US 5,527,414 A
• Filed: 05/18/1994
• Issued: 06/18/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: United Technologies Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Original Assignee: United Technologies Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Inventors: Carstensen, Thomas A., Ramey, Philip J., Dublinski, Alex C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Johnstone, Adrienne C.
• Application Number:
  US08/245,984
• Time in Patent Office: 762 Days
• Field of Search: 428/73, 428/116, 428/118, 156/285-286, 156/311-312, 156/323, 156/242, 156/245, 156/250, 156/256, 156/292, 156/153-154, 156/306.6, 156/306.9, 156/382, 156/583.3, 264/510-511, 264/522, 264/139, 264/162, 249/83, 249/175, 249/177, 425/394, 425/403, 425/504, 228/181
• US Class Current: 156/245
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 2043/3644 Vacuum bags; Details thereof, e.g. fixing or clamping
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 33/38 characterised by the material or the manufacturing process B29C33/44 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 33/405 Elastomers, e.g. rubber B29C33/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 33/76 Cores B29C33/02 - B29C33/70, B29C41/40, B29C53/74, B29C53/82 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 43/3642 Bags, bleeder sheets or cauls for isostatic pressing
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 70/086 and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers applying a non-preformed coating, e.g. a gel-coat, B29C37/0025; with foam blocks B29C70/86
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 70/44 using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 70/549 Details of caul plates, e.g. materials or shape
• CPC Class Codes: B29D 24/007 and a chamfered edge
• CPC Class Codes: B29D 99/0089 Producing honeycomb structures consisting of porous ceramic ware C04B38/0006
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2705/02 Aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2827/16 PVDF, i.e. polyvinylidene fluoride
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2877/10 Aromatic polyamides [polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0046 Elastic
• CPC Class Codes: B29L 2007/002 Panels; Plates; Sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B29L 2024/00 Articles with hollow walls
• CPC Class Codes: B29L 2031/608 Honeycomb structures
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1052 with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1062 Prior to assembly
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/236 Honeycomb type cells extend perpendicularly to nonthickness layer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24149 : Honeycomb-like
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 83/0405 : With preparatory or simultaneous ancillary treatment of work

Abstract

A method for high pressure co-cure molding of lightweight honeycomb core composite articles having ramped surfaces utilizing low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb cores. The low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core is formed by net shaping stabilized honeycomb core material into a ramped honeycomb core, which is prepped for lay-up and co-cure by applying a layer of low areal weight film adhesive to the upper, lower and ramped surfaces thereof. The honeycomb core material is stabilized for the net shaping operation by a layer of the low areal weight film adhesive applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the material in a predetermined picture frame format. Composite prepregs and the ramped honeycomb core are layed-up in a semi-rigid molding assembly including a rigid base member and a complementary semi-rigid mold member having at least one internal rigid reinforcement insert, which is vacuum bagged and disposed in an autoclave. The vacuum bag is evacuated, and the layed-up molding assembly is subjected to a two stage pressure, temperature cycle for high pressure co-cure. The autoclave is pressurized to a dwell pressure, and the temperature is then raised from ambient to a dwell temperature whereupon the autoclave is stabilized for a dwell period. Next, the autoclave pressure is increased to a high pressure, and the temperature is raised to a co-cure temperature whereupon the autoclave is stabilized for a co-cure period to effect curing of the lay-up. After curing is complete, the autoclave is cooled, and then depressurized for removal of the composite molding apparatus.

Claims

1. A high pressure co-cure molding process for fabricating a lightweight honeycomb core composite article having at least one ramped surface, comprising the steps of:

preparing a semi-rigid molding assembly for said high pressure co-cure molding process by laying up a low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core and composite prepregs in said semi-rigid molding assembly, said semi-rigid molding assembly comprising a rigid base member and a complementary semi-rigid mold member having a least one internal rigid reinforcement insert, the low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core being layed up in combination with said semi-rigid molding assembly so that the at least one ramped surface of the low total density, stabilized honeycomb core is in opposed, parallel relation to said at least one internal rigid reinforcement insert of said complementary semi-rigid mold member;

vacuum-bagging said prepared semi-rigid molding assembly;

disposing said vacuum-bagged semi-rigid molding assembly in an autoclave;

drawing a vacuum in said vacuum-bagged semi-rigid molding assembly;

pressurizing the autoclave to a predetermined dwell pressure;

gradually raising the temperature of the autoclave from ambient to a predetermined dwell temperature;

stabilizing the autoclave at said predetermined dwell pressure and said predetermined dwell temperature for a predetermined dwell period;

pressurizing the autoclave from said predetermined dwell pressure to a predetermined high pressure after elapse of said predetermined dwell period;

raising the temperature of the autoclave from said predetermined dwell temperature to a predetermined co-cure temperature after elapse of said predetermined dwell period; and

stabilizing the autoclave at said predetermined high pressure and said predetermined co-cure temperature for a predetermined co-cure period to form the lightweight honeycomb core composite article having the at least one ramped surface.

2. The high pressure co-cure molding process of claim 1 wherein said preparing step comprises the substeps of:

laying up at least one layer of lower composite prepreg on said rigid base member of the semi-rigid molding assembly;

stacking the low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core on the laid-up at least one layer of lower composite prepreg;

laying up at least one layer of upper composite prepreg in combination with the stacked low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core and the at least one layer of lower composite prepreg; and

securing said semi-rigid mold member of said semi-rigid molding assembly in combination with said rigid base member wherein the at least one ramped surface of the stacked low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core is in opposed, parallel relation to said at least one internal rigid reinforcement insert of said complementary semi-rigid mold member.

3. The high pressure co-cure molding process of claim 1 further comprising the steps of:

providing a honeycomb core material having upper and lower major surfaces;

applying a layer of low areal weight film adhesive in a picture frame format to the upper and lower major surfaces of the honeycomb core material to provide a stabilized honeycomb core material;

machining at least one ramped surface in the stabilized honeycomb core material to form a ramped honeycomb core; and

applying a layer of low areal weight film adhesive to the upper and lower major surfaces and each ramped surface of the ramped honeycomb core to form the low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core for said high pressure co-cure molding process.

4. The high pressure co-cure molding process of claim 3 wherein said step of applying the layer of low areal weight film adhesive in the picture frame format comprises the substeps of:

applying the layer of low areal weight film adhesive to the upper surface of the honeycomb core material such that the film adhesive extends inwardly a predetermined distance beyond the edge of each ramped surface to be machined in the honeycomb core material; and

applying a layer of low areal weight film adhesive to the lower surface of the honeycomb core material such that the film adhesive extends inwardly the predetermined distance from the edges of the honeycomb core material.

5. The high pressure co-cure molding process of claim 1 further comprising the steps of:

cooling the autoclave to ambient temperature after the elapse of said predetermined co-cure period while concomitantly maintaining said predetermined high pressure in the autoclave; and

depressurizing the autoclave to ambient pressure after the autoclave has reached ambient temperature.

6. A high pressure co-cure molding process for fabricating a lightweight honeycomb core composite article having at least one ramped surface, comprising the steps of:

providing a honeycomb core material having upper and lower major surfaces;

applying a layer of low areal weight film adhesive in a picture frame format to the upper and lower major surfaces of the honeycomb core material to provide a stabilized honeycomb core material;

machining at least one ramped surface in the stabilized honeycomb core material to form a ramped honeycomb core;

applying a layer of low areal weight film adhesive to the upper and lower major surfaces and each ramped surface of the ramped honeycomb core to form a low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core for said high pressure co-cure molding process;

providing a semi-rigid molding assembly that includes a rigid base member and a complementary semi-rigid mold member having at least one internal rigid reinforcement insert;

laying up at least one layer of lower composite prepreg on said rigid base member of said semi-rigid molding assembly;

stacking the low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core on the laid-up at least one layer of lower composite prepreg;

laying up at least one layer of upper composite prepreg in combination with the stacked low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core and the at least one layer of lower composite prepreg;

securing said semi-rigid mold member of said semi-rigid molding assembly in combination with said rigid base member wherein the at least one ramped surface of the stacked low total density, stabilized ramped honeycomb core is in opposed, parallel relation to said at least one internal rigid reinforcement insert of said complementary semi-rigid mold member to prepare for said high pressure co-cure molding process;

vacuum-bagging the prepared semi-rigid molding assembly;

disposing the vacuum-bagged semi-rigid molding assembly in an autoclave;

drawing a vacuum in the vacuum-bagged semi-rigid molding assembly;

pressurizing the autoclave to a predetermined dwell pressure;

gradually raising the temperature of the autoclave from ambient to a predetermined dwell temperature;

stabilizing the autoclave at the predetermined dwell pressure and the predetermined dwell temperature for a predetermined dwell period;

pressurizing the autoclave from the predetermined dwell pressure to a predetermined high pressure after elapse of the predetermined dwell period;

raising the temperature of the autoclave from the predetermined dwell temperature to a predetermined co-cure temperature after elapse of the predetermined dwell period; and

stabilizing the autoclave at the predetermined high pressure and the predetermined co-cure temperature for a predetermined co-cure period to form the lightweight honeycomb core composite article having the at least one ramped surface.

7. The high pressure co-cure molding process of claim 6 wherein said step of applying the layer of low areal weight film adhesive in the picture frame format comprises the substeps of:

applying the layer of low areal weight film adhesive to the upper surface of the honeycomb core material such that the film adhesive extends inwardly a predetermined distance beyond the edge of each ramped surface to be machined in the honeycomb core material; and

applying the layer of low areal weight film adhesive to the lower surface of the honeycomb core material such that the film adhesive extends inwardly the predetermined distance from the edges of the honeycomb core material.