Apparatus for reactions in dense-medium plasmas
First Claim
1. An apparatus for reacting dense-phase chemicals in an induced plasma state comprising:
- (a) a reaction vessel having a first upper end, a second lower end, and side walls to define an enclosed area;
(b) a rotatable first electrode comprising a hollow shaft having first and second ends wherein said first electrode extends through the first end of said reaction vessel such that the second end of said first electrode is positioned near an interior center of the reaction vessel;
(c) a static second electrode comprising a hollow shaft having first and second ends wherein said second electrode extends through the second end of said reaction vessel such that the second end of said second electrode is positioned near an interior center of the reaction vessel;
(d) means for rotating said rotatable first electrode; and
(e) means for connecting space within said hollow shaft of said first electrode to said enclosed area of said reaction.
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for reacting dense-phase chemicals in an induced plasma state, as well as unique reaction products resulting from the method and apparatus, are described. The dense medium plasma reactor generally includes a reaction vessel containing an upper rotatable electrode and a lower static electrode, a device for rotating the upper electrode, a reactant recirculation line, structural elements capable of maintaining the contents of the reaction vessel at atmospheric temperature, and structural elements for cooling the contents of the reaction vessel. Each electrode constitutes a hollow shaft having a first end and a second end which terminates in a disk-shaped planar face. The electrodes are in vertical alignment with one another so that their disc-shaped planar faces are facing one another with a small planar gap located therebetween. The upper rotatable electrode also includes a plurality of ports located circumferentially about its shaft. The method for reacting dense-phase chemicals includes the steps of loading the dense-phase reactant into the reaction vessel, rapidly rotating the upper rotatable electrode, and applying a low voltage direct electric current to the electrode faces. The apparatus and method produce unique reaction products including polyenes, polyynes and fullerene containing materials which exhibit magnetic properties and absorb electromagnetic radiation.
117 Citations
22 Claims
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1. An apparatus for reacting dense-phase chemicals in an induced plasma state comprising:
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(a) a reaction vessel having a first upper end, a second lower end, and side walls to define an enclosed area; (b) a rotatable first electrode comprising a hollow shaft having first and second ends wherein said first electrode extends through the first end of said reaction vessel such that the second end of said first electrode is positioned near an interior center of the reaction vessel; (c) a static second electrode comprising a hollow shaft having first and second ends wherein said second electrode extends through the second end of said reaction vessel such that the second end of said second electrode is positioned near an interior center of the reaction vessel; (d) means for rotating said rotatable first electrode; and (e) means for connecting space within said hollow shaft of said first electrode to said enclosed area of said reaction. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. An apparatus for reacting dense-phase chemicals in an induced plasma state comprising:
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(a) a cylindrical shaped reaction vessel having a first upper end, a second lower end, and double side walls defining a space therebetween; (b) a rotatable first electrode extending through the first upper end of said reaction vessel and comprising a first cylindrical hollow shaft having a plurality of circumferential ports located therethrough, a first closed end, and a second open end located within the reaction vessel, said second open end terminating in a planar face having a larger diameter than said first cylindrical hollow shaft wherein an opening in said second open end is located in the center of said planar face and has a diameter equal to an internal diameter of the first cylindrical hollow shaft; (c) a static second electrode extending through the bottom end of said reaction vessel and comprising a second cylindrical hollow shaft having a first open end and a second open end located within the reaction vessel, said second open end terminating in a planar face having a larger diameter than said second cylindrical hollow shaft wherein an opening in said second open end of said second cylindrical hollow shaft is located in the center of said planar face of said second cylindrical hollow shaft and has a diameter equal to an internal diameter of the second cylindrical hollow shaft; and (d) means for rotating said rotatable first electrode; wherein said rotatable first electrode and said static second electrode are in direct vertical alignment with one another such that the planar faces of said first and second hollow cylindrical shafts are positioned directly opposite one another and separated by a planar gap. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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Specification