Galvanic battery with replenishable electrodes and/or electrolyte for extended battery operation

• US 5,536,592 A
• Filed: 04/25/1994
• Issued: 07/16/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 04/25/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Donald F.H. Wallach
• Original Assignee: Biocybernetics Laboratories, Inc.
• Inventors: Rossi, Guy A., Celeste, Salvatore A., Cucinotta, Anthony J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Skapars, Anthony
• Application Number:
  US08/231,744
• Time in Patent Office: 813 Days
• Field of Search: 429/68, 429/69, 429/72, 429/110, 429/113, 429/116, 429/52, 429/127, 242/67.2
• US Class Current: 429/68
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 12/06 with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/024 Insertable electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/77 with external circulating path
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/181 with polymeric electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/38 by mechanical means
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/385 by insertion of electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/22 Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

The galvanic battery of the present invention supplies the anode and/or cathode from an elongated strip of flexible tape preferably interconnected through a strip of inactive material functioning as a leader for said tape and for separating the tape entering the electrochemically active compartment of the battery housing from spent tape exiting the electrochemically active compartment. The battery is preferably constructed to include a supply reel having a rotatable core upon which said strip of tape is wound in a cylindrical configuration with the inner winding of tape extending from said core and being threaded through said electrochemically active compartment before being connected back into the electrochemically inactive compartment and wound as the outer winding around the core of the supply reel.

Claims

1. A galvanic battery comprising a housing having a single electrochemically active compartment including a source of electrolyte and a single electrochemically inactive compartment with said electrochemically inactive compartment comprising a supply of anode material in the form of an elongated strip of flexible tape interconnected as an endless loop, a supply reel having a rotatable core upon which said strip of tape is wound in a cylindrical configuration to form an inner winding and an outer winding with said inner winding extending outwardly from said core and being connected back to said tape as said outer winding thereof, with the inner winding of tape extending from said core being threaded through said electrochemically active compartment before being connected back as said outer winding and means for controllably rotating said core to sequentially advance said tape through said electrochemically active compartment.

2. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 1 wherein said flexible tape further comprises a strip of inactive material interconnecting said tape within said endless loop with said strip of inactive material functioning as a leader for said tape and for separating the tape entering the electrochemically active compartment from spent tape exiting the electrochemically active compartment.

3. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 2 wherein said flexible tape has a minimum length equal to π

D where D represents the outer diameter of the cylindrical winding of flexible tape around said core.

4. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 3 wherein said flexible tape comprises a substrate and an anode electrode.

5. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 4 wherein said anode electrode comprises multiple sections supported by said substrate to form discrete anode segments.

6. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 4 wherein said anode electrode comprises at least two strips laterally spaced apart for providing plural voltages.

7. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 4 wherein said anode electrode is continuous and said substrate is segmented into sections.

8. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 7 wherein said substrate has porous sections separated by nonporous sections.

9. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 8 wherein said porous sections of said substrate contain supplemental electrolyte.

10. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 7 wherein said nonporous sections of said substrate contain voids.

11. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 7 wherein said nonporous sections of said substrate contain a dense material such as wax.

12. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 3 wherein said flexible tape comprises a substrate, an anode electrode and a cathode electrode with said substrate separating said anode electrode from said cathode electrode.

13. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 4 further comprising contact terminals for contacting the anode material on said flexible tape.

14. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 13 wherein said electrochemically active compartment comprises an electrolyte chamber containing a permeable membrane extending from said chamber for contacting said anode material.

15. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 13 wherein said electrochemically active compartment comprises an electrolyte chamber containing a permeable membrane separating said active compartment from a high concentration electrolyte solution for supplying supplemental electrolyte into said active compartment through said permeable membrane.

16. A galvanic battery comprising an electrochemically active compartment containing an aqueous source of an electrolyte, a cathode and an electrochemically inactive compartment with said electrochemically inactive compartment comprising an elongated strip of flexible tape interconnected as an endless loop extending through said electrochemically active compartment in electrochemical contact with said cathode, said endless loop of flexible tape being composed of an electrochemically inactive substrate containing a solid anode, means for separating said tape into segmented sections of anode, means for advancing said strip of flexible tape through said electrochemically active compartment such that each segment of anode is advanced into said electrochemically active compartment to provide controlled periods of electrochemical activity and contact terminals for coupling said anode and cathode in said electrochemically active compartment.

17. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 16 wherein said flexible tape further comprising a strip of inactive material interconnecting said elongated strip of flexible tape to form an endless loop of flexible tape with said strip of inactive material functioning as a leader for said tape and for separating the tape entering the electrochemically active compartment from spent tape exiting the electrochemically active compartment.

18. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 17 further comprising a supply reel having a rotatable core upon which said strip of tape is wound in a cylindrical configuration to form an inner winding and an outer winding with said inner winding extending outwardly from said core and being connected back to said tape as said outer winding thereof, with the inner winding of tape extending from said core being threaded through said electrochemically active compartment before being connected back as said outer winding.

19. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 18 wherein said elongated strip of flexible tape has a minimum length equal to π

D where D represents the outer diameter of the cylindrical winding of flexible tape around said core.

20. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 19 further comprising a divider including wipers for separating said electrochemically active compartment from said electrochemically inactive compartment.

21. A galvanic battery as defined in claim 16 wherein said substrate is porous and includes a source of supplemental electrolyte.