Multiple service load solid state switching for controlled cogeneration system

• US 5,536,976 A
• Filed: 03/03/1994
• Issued: 07/16/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Gas Technology Institute
• Original Assignee: Gas Research Institute (GTI Energy)
• Inventors: Churchill, Jonathan D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wysocki, Jonathan
• Assistant Examiner(s): PALADINI, ALBERT WILLIAM
• Application Number:
  US08/205,272
• Time in Patent Office: 866 Days
• Field of Search: 307/11, 307/29, 307/38, 307/40, 307/21, 364/492, 323/220, 290/4, 290/4 A, 290/4 R, 363/1
• US Class Current: 307/11
• CPC Class Codes: H02G 1/1256 using wire or cable-clamping means
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/06 Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/066 characterised by the use of dynamo-electric machines H02J9/08 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/248 UPS systems or standby or emergency generators
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49117 Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Abstract

An electrical generation system and method for switching a plurality of isolated circuits between a generator and an electrical source. A current signal of each isolated circuit is sensed and the current signal is emitted to a computer. A generator output signal is sensed and emitted to the computer. An available power signal of the electrical source is sensed and also emitted to the computer. The computer or a microprocessor computes, as a function of the sensed load signals, a sensed generator output signal, and the sensed available power signal, whether each solid state load switch should be individually switched to connect each corresponding isolated circuit to either the generator or the electrical source. The computer or microprocessor then emits a switching signal to each solid state load switch for electrically connecting each corresponding isolated circuit to either the generator or the electrical source.

Claims

1. A method for switching a plurality of isolated circuits between a generator and an electrical source, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) sensing a load signal of each of the isolated circuits and emitting the sensed load signals to a computer;

(b) sensing an available generator power signal of the generator and emitting the sensed available generator power signal to the computer;

(c) sensing an available source power signal of the electrical available source and emitting the sensed available power signal to the computer;

(d) computing as a function of the sensed load signals, the sensed available generator power signal, and the sensed available source power signal whether each of a plurality of solid state load switches should be individually switched to connect each said isolated circuit to the generator or the electrical source; and

(e) emitting a switching signal from the computer to each of the solid state load switches and switching each of the solid state load switches without paralleling when the electrical source is at zero-voltage crossover to electrically connect each of the corresponding isolated circuits to either the generator or the electrical source.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the sensed load signals are continuously sensed.

3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the sensed load signals are determined from current readings.

4. A method according to claim 1 further comprising prioritizing an order of switching of the solid state load switches when power from the electrical source is lost.

5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the computer optimizes which of the solid state load switches should be switched to electrically connect the corresponding isolated circuits to the generator so that the generator output operates as close as possible to a maximum power output rating of the generator.

6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the generator is operated in one of a demand mode where the electrical source provides power to at least one of the isolated circuits and a standby mode where the generator source provides all required power to all of the isolated circuits.

7. In an electrical generation system having a generator and an electrical source, and a plurality of isolated circuits each electrically fed from one of said generator and said electrical source, the improvement comprising:

a plurality of solid state load switches each forming an electrical connection between a corresponding said isolated circuit and one of a generator output of said generator and said electrical source;

sensing means for determining a load value of each of the isolated circuits;

control means for individually switching each said solid state load switch without paralleling when said electrical source is at zero-voltage crossover so that each said isolated circuit is independently switched between said generator and said electrical source as a function of said determined load values, available power from said generator output, and a presence of power from said electrical source.

8. In an electrical generation system according to claim 7 wherein the sensing means continuously sense said load values.

9. In an electrical generation system according to claim 7 wherein said sensing means comprise current sensors for determining said load signals of each corresponding said isolated circuit.

10. In an electrical generation system according to claim 7 wherein said control means comprise computer means for prioritizing an order of the switching of said solid state switches when power from the electrical source is lost.

11. In an electrical generation system according to claim 7 further comprising computer means for optimizing which of said solid state load switches should be switched to electrically connect said corresponding isolated circuits to said generator so that a generator output is as close as possible to a maximum power output rating of said generator,

12. In an electrical generation system according to claim 7 wherein said control means comprise computer means for calculating whether said generator operates in a demand mode where said electrical source provides power to at least one of said isolated circuits or in a standby mode where said generator provides all required power to all of said isolated circuits,