Optical resin materials with distributed refractive index, process for producing the materials, and optical conductors using the materials

• US 5,541,247 A
• Filed: 06/17/1993
• Issued: 07/30/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Yasuhiro Koike
• Original Assignee: Yasuhiro Koike
• Inventors: Koike, Yasuhiro
• Primary Examiner(s): SMITH, JEFFREY
• Application Number:
  US08/078,179
• Time in Patent Office: 1,139 Days
• Field of Search: 525/265, 525/277, 525/306, 525/932, 264/1.1, 264/1.5, 264/1.7, 264/1.9, 264/2.1, 264/1.24, 264/1.29, 385/124, 385/141, 524/285, 524/287, 524/315, 524/317, 524/319
• US Class Current: 524/285
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 2/44 Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 5/0008 Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/00 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/10 Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 67/07 having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 1/04 made of organic materials, e.g. plastics G02B1/08 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 1/045 Light guides
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/02038 with core or cladding having graded refractive index
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 525/932 Blend of matched optical properties

Abstract

An optical resin, of which the refractive index continuously changes in a specific direction, is produced by filling a polymerization container with a mixed solution containing at least one type of polymerizable monomer or polymerizable monomer sol and at least one type of substance whose solubility parameter differs by 7 (cal/cm³).sup. 1/2 or less and refractive index by 0.001 or more from those of a polymer produced by polymerization of the monomer, and by subjecting the mixture to polymerization reaction by applying heat or energy rays to the container from outside so that the polymerization reaction starts and progresses preferentially from a particular region of the mixture, thus forming a concentration gradient of the substance having different refractive index.

The polymerization container may be made of a polymer which swells and dissolves into the mixed solution from an inner wall thereof.

After completing the polymerization reaction, the optical resin is subjected to hot drawing to obtain an optical conductor. Further, post-treatment based on crosslinking reaction is applied to improve heat resistance.

Claims

1. A process for producing an optical resin material having a distributed refractive index in which the refractive index continuously changes in a specific direction, comprising steps off

filling a polymerization container with a mixed solution containing a first substance including one of a polymerizable monomer and a polymerizable monomer sol, and a second substance whose solubility parameter differs from that of the first substance by 7 (cal/cm³).sup. 1/2 or less and whose refractive index differs from that of the first substance by 0.001 or more;

subjecting the mixed solution to a polymerization reaction to polymerize the first substance, but not the second substance, by applying heat or energy rays to the polymerization container from outside the polymerization container so that the polymerization reaction starts and progresses preferentially from a particular region of the mixed solution; and

forming a concentration gradient of said second substance through said polymerization reaction.

2. The process according to claim 1, further comprising the step of hot-drawing the mixed solution in which a concentration gradient is formed, and obtaining an optical resin material having a distributed refractive index in the form of an optical conductor.

4. A cylindrical optical resin material comprising:

a first substance forming a transparent polymeric resin matrix; and

a second substance which cannot be polymerized, the second substance having a solubility parameter which is different from that of the first substance by 7 (cal/cm³).sup. 1/2 or less, the second substance having a refractive index which is different from that of the first substance by 0.001 or more, the concentration of said second substance having a gradient in a specific direction, the first and second substances forming a cylindrical device having a transmission loss, under an incident light of 650 nm in wavelength, of no more than 400 dB/km.

3. An optical resin material according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the first and second substances has deuterium atoms respectively bonded to the carbon atoms.

5. A cylindrical optical resin material comprising:

a first substance forming a transparent polymeric resin matrix; and

a second substance which cannot be polymerized, the second substance having a solubility parameter which is different from that of the first substance by 7 (cal/cm³).sup. 1/2 or less, the second substance having a refractive index which is different from that of the first substance by 0.001 or more, the concentration of said second substance having a gradient in a specific direction, the first and second substances is forming a cylindrical device having a transmission loss, under an incident light of 650 nm in wavelength, of no more than 200 dB/km.

6. An optical resin material according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the first and second substances has deuterium atoms respectively bonded to the carbon atoms.