Smart battery power availability feature based on battery-specific characteristics

• US 5,541,489 A
• Filed: 12/15/1994
• Issued: 07/30/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Dunstan, Robert A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TOATLEY, GREGORY J
• Application Number:
  US08/356,906
• Time in Patent Office: 593 Days
• Field of Search: 320/5, 320/2, 320/20, 320/13, 320/11, 320/22, 320/29, 320/24, 320/30, 320/46, 320/48
• US Class Current: 320/134
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3647 for determining the ability of a battery to perform a critical function, e.g. cranking
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/42 Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells H01M10/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00036 Charger exchanging data with battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00047 with provisions for charging different types of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00308 Overvoltage protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00309 Overheat or overtemperature protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A smart battery that predicts whether or not a battery can provide a requested amount of additional power based on battery-specific capacity, self-discharge, and discharge characteristics. A non-volatile memory stores the battery-specific characteristics which are functions of the environmental conditions of the battery and/or the battery current. One circuit measures the environmental conditions of the battery, such as temperature. Another circuit measures the battery current (charge or discharge). In response to a request, the smart battery determines whether or not the additional power can be provided based on the present battery capacity, the present discharge rate of the battery, the environmental conditions of the battery, and the battery characteristics. A user or power management system can use such power availability information to tune the power consumption and performance of an electronic system powered by the battery.

Claims

1. An apparatus for indicating whether or not a battery is capable of providing a requested amount of power, the apparatus comprising:

a logic unit;

a memory, coupled to the logic unit, which contains one or more characteristics of the battery and contains information indicative of environmental conditions of the battery, the battery characteristics including information indicative of a present capacity of the battery; and

wherein the logic unit determines and indicates whether or not the battery can provide the requested amount of power based on the environmental conditions, and the battery characteristics.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the requested amount of power is in addition to an existing amount of power being supplied by the battery and the logic unit determines whether the battery can provide the requested amount of additional power based on a present charge/discharge rate of the battery, the environmental conditions, and the battery characteristics.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the environmental conditions include temperature, humidity, and air pressure and the battery characteristics include one or more discharge characteristics and one or more capacity characteristics.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the environmental conditions include a temperature of the battery and the battery characteristics include a discharge characteristic and a capacity characteristic, each characteristic a function of battery temperature.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the logic unit determines the present battery capacity based on a self-discharge characteristic and the temperature of the battery.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the requested amount of additional power is selected by a user.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the apparatus for indicating whether a battery is capable of providing a requested amount of power is embedded in the battery.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the battery characteristics are stored in the form of either a table or an algorithm.

25. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the battery characteristics include a measurement of battery current.

9. An apparatus for indicating whether or not a battery is capable of providing a requested amount of additional power, the apparatus comprising:

a logic unit;

a capacity circuit for indicating the present capacity of the battery;

a current measuring circuit, coupled to the logic unit, for measuring a battery current;

an environmental monitor circuit, coupled to the logic unit, for monitoring one or more environmental conditions of the battery;

a memory, coupled to the logic unit, actually storing one or more characteristics of the battery, and actually storing information indicative of environmental conditions of the battery, the battery characteristics including information indicative of the present capacity of the battery; and

wherein the logic unit determines whether or not the battery can provide the requested amount of additional power based on the measured environmental conditions, and the battery characteristics.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the apparatus for indicating whether the battery is capable of providing a requested amount of additional power is embedded in the battery.

26. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the battery characteristics include a measurement of battery current.

11. A method for operating a battery, the method comprising the steps of:

querying the battery whether it can provide a requested amount of power;

the battery predicting whether or not the battery can provide the requested amount of power based on one or more environmental conditions of the battery, and one or more characteristics of the battery, the battery characteristics including a present capacity of the battery; and

the battery indicating whether or not the battery can provide the requested amount of power.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the environmental conditions include temperature, humidity, and air pressure and the battery characteristics include one or more discharge characteristics and one or more capacity characteristics.

13. The method of claim 11 further comprising the step of selecting the additional amount of power.

27. The method of claim 11 wherein the battery characteristics include a battery current.

14. A method for operating a battery, the method comprising the steps of:

querying the battery whether it can provide an additional amount of power;

the battery predicting whether or not the battery can provide the requested amount of power based on a present charge/discharge rate of the battery, one or more environmental conditions of the battery, and one or more characteristics of the battery, the battery characteristics including a present capacity of the battery; and

the battery indicating whether or not the battery can provide the additional amount of power.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the environmental conditions include temperature, humidity, and air pressure and the battery characteristics include one or more discharge characteristics and one or more capacity characteristics.

16. The method of claim 14 further comprising the step of selecting the additional amount of power.

17. The method of claim 14 further comprising the steps of:

determining the battery capacity based on the battery current, a self-discharge characteristic, and one or more of the environmental conditions; and

measuring the present charge/discharge rate of the battery.

18. A method for indicating whether or not a battery is capable of providing a requested amount of power, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a logic unit;

providing a memory storing one or more characteristics of the battery, and one or more environmental conditions of the battery;

determining a present capacity of the battery; and

the logic unit determining whether or not the battery can provide the requested amount of power based on the present capacity of the battery, the environmental conditions, and the battery characteristics.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein the requested amount of power is in addition to an existing amount of power being supplied by the battery at a present charge/discharge rate, and the logic unit determines whether the battery can provide the requested amount of additional power based also on the present charge/discharge rate.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein the environmental conditions include a temperature of the battery and the battery characteristics include a discharge characteristic and a capacity characteristic as a function of battery temperature.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein the logic unit determines the present battery capacity based on a self-discharge characteristic and the temperature of the battery.

22. The method of claim 21 further comprising the step of selecting the requested amount of additional power.

28. The method of claim 18 wherein the characteristics of the battery include a battery current.

23. A method for operating a battery, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a logic unit coupled to the battery;

querying the logic unit whether or not the battery can provide an additional amount of power;

measuring a present charge/discharge rate of the battery;

measuring one or more environmental conditions of the battery;

determining a present capacity of the battery based on one or more of the environmental conditions and one or more characteristics of the battery, the battery characteristics being functions of the present charge/discharge rate; and

the logic unit determining whether or not the battery can supply the additional amount of power based on the environmental conditions, the present battery capacity, the present discharge rate, and the battery characteristics.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein the environmental conditions include a temperature of the battery, and the battery characteristics include battery capacity as a function of temperature and present charge/discharge rate.

29. An apparatus for indicating whether or not a battery is capable of providing a requested amount of power, the apparatus comprising:

a memory, coupled to a logic unit, the memory containing one or more environmental conditions and a present capacity of the battery;

the logic unit determining and indicating whether or not the battery can provide the requested amount of power based on the environmental conditions and the present capacity of the battery.

30. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the logic unit determines the present battery capacity based on a self-discharge characteristic and the temperature of the battery.

31. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the requested amount of power is in addition to an existing amount of power being supplied by the battery.

32. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the environmental conditions include temperature, humidity and air pressure.