Electric vehicle having multiple replacement batteries

• US 5,542,488 A
• Filed: 12/19/1994
• Issued: 08/06/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Dale Bruce Nixon
• Original Assignee: Dale Bruce Nixon
• Inventors: Nixon, Dale B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Camby, Richard M.
• Application Number:
  US08/358,814
• Time in Patent Office: 596 Days
• Field of Search: 180/65.1, 180/65.2, 180/65.3, 180/65.4, 180/65.8, 180/68.5, 414/392, 414/395, 104/34, 318/139
• US Class Current: 180/65.1
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/04 of the electric storage means for propulsion exchanging batteries for electric propulsion of vehicles B60L53/80; for auxiliary purposes only B60R16/04; supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles B60S5/06
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/0455 Removal or replacement of the energy storages
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/10 by alarm
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/52 characterised by DC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/64 Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/66 Arrangements of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/80 Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/18 of two or more battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/249 specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles B60L50/64
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A battery-powered vehicle has two batteries which are replaced, rather than recharged in the vehicle. The vehicle is powered by only one battery at a time and that battery is used until substantially all of the energy in the battery is exhausted. A discharged battery is replaced while the vehicle operates with the other, non-discharged battery. Preferred batteries have high energy density and may be of a type that is not rechargeable. An example is an aluminum-air battery. The non-rechargeable, discharged batteries can be remanufactured to produce new batteries for further use in the vehicle.

Claims

1. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor, comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said first battery connector,

a second battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said second battery connector, said second battery having a size and configuration similar to said first battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor,

a first opening in a panel of said vehicle adjacent said first battery compartment,

a second opening in a panel of said vehicle adjacent said second battery compartment,

a first battery release handle proximate said first opening and accessible from exterior of said vehicle for unlocking said first battery from said vehicle, and

a second battery release handle proximate said second opening and accessible from exterior of said vehicle for unlocking said second battery from said vehicle.

2. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor, comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said first battery connector,

a second battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said second battery connector, said second battery having a size and configuration similar to said first battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and

a first opening in a panel of said vehicle adjacent said first battery compartment and a second opening in a panel of said vehicle adjacent said second battery compartment, wherein both of said openings are on a same side of said vehicle.

3. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor as recited in claim 2 wherein said first and second battery compartments are elongate.

4. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor as recited in claim 2 including:

a first battery locking mechanism proximate said first battery compartment, and

a second battery locking mechanism proximate said second battery compartment.

5. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said first battery connector,

a second battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said second battery connector, said second battery having a size and configuration similar to said first battery, and

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and,

wherein said first and second battery compartments are elongate and the longitudinal axes of said first and second battery compartments are parallel to each other and are transverse to the longitudinal axis of said vehicle.

6. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals located at a first end of said first battery, said first battery terminals releasably connected to said first battery connector,

a second battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals located at a first end of said second battery, said second battery terminals releasably connected to said second battery connector, said second battery having a size and configuration similar to said first battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and

said first battery having a handle located at an end of said first battery opposite said first battery terminals, and said second battery having a handle located at an end of said second battery opposite said second battery terminals.

7. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor, comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said first battery compartment,

a second opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said second battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first replaceable battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof connected to said first battery connector,

a second replaceable battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof connected to said second battery connector, said second replaceable battery having a size and configuration similar to said first replaceable battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and

wherein said first and second battery compartments are parallel to each other and are transverse to the longitudinal axis of said vehicle.

8. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor as recited in claim 7 wherein said first and second battery compartments are elongate.

9. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor as recited in claim 7 including:

a first battery locking mechanism proximate said first battery compartment, and

a second battery locking mechanism proximate said second battery compartment.

12. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor as recited in claim 7 wherein said first and second batteries are elongate.

10. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said first battery compartment,

a second opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said second battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first replaceable battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof connected to said first battery connector,

a second replaceable battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof connected to said second battery connector, said second replaceable battery having a size and configuration similar to said first replaceable battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor,

a first battery release handle proximate said first opening and accessible from exterior of said vehicle for unlocking said first battery from said vehicle, and

a second battery release handle proximate said second opening and accessible from exterior of said vehicle for unlocking said second battery from said vehicle.

11. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said first battery compartment,

a second opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said second battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first replaceable battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof connected to said first battery connector,

a second replaceable battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof connected to said second battery connector, said second replaceable battery having a size and configuration similar to said first replaceable battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and

wherein both of said openings are on a same side of said vehicle.

13. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor comprising:

a first battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said first battery compartment,

a second opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said second battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate said second battery compartment,

a first replaceable battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals located at a first end of said first replaceable battery, said first replaceable battery terminals connected to said first battery connector,

a second replaceable battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals located at a first end of said second replaceable battery, said second replaceable battery terminals connected to said second battery connector, said second replaceable battery having a size and configuration similar to said first replaceable battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and

said first replaceable battery having a handle located at an end of said first replaceable battery opposite said first replaceable battery terminals, and said second replaceable battery having a handle located at an end of said second replaceable battery opposite said second replaceable battery terminals.

14. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor, comprising:

a first elongate battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second elongate battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said first battery compartment, said first opening substantially aligned with said first battery compartment,

a second opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said second battery compartment, said second opening substantially aligned with said first battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate one end of said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate one end of said second battery compartment, and

a first elongate replaceable battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said first battery connector,

a second elongate replaceable battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said second battery connector, said second replaceable battery having a size and configuration similar to said first replaceable battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and

wherein the longitudinal axes of said first and second battery compartments are parallel to each other and are transverse to the longitudinal axis of said vehicle.

15. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor as recited in claim 14 including:

a first battery locking mechanism proximate said first battery compartment,

a second battery locking mechanism proximate said second battery compartment,

a first battery release handle proximate said first opening, connected to said first battery locking mechanism and accessible from exterior of said vehicle, and

a second battery release handle proximate said second opening, connected to said second battery locking mechanism and accessible from exterior of said vehicle.

16. A battery system for a vehicle having an electric drive motor, comprising:

a first elongate battery compartment within said vehicle,

a second elongate battery compartment within said vehicle, said second battery compartment having a similar size and configuration to said first battery compartment,

a first opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said first battery compartment, said first opening substantially aligned with said first battery compartment,

a second opening extending through a body panel of said vehicle to said second battery compartment, said second opening substantially aligned with said first battery compartment,

a first battery connector proximate one end of said first battery compartment,

a second battery connector proximate one end of said second battery compartment, and

a first elongate replaceable battery located in said first battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said first battery connector,

a second elongate replaceable battery located in said second battery compartment and having terminals thereof releasably connected to said second battery connector, said second replaceable battery having a size and configuration similar to said first replaceable battery,

a switch electrically coupled to said first and second battery connectors and to said electric drive motor, and

wherein both of said openings are on a same side of said vehicle.