Gas generant compositions using dicyanamide salts as fuel

• US 5,544,687 A
• Filed: 01/14/1994
• Issued: 08/13/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Autoliv ASP Incorporated (Autoliv Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Morton International Incorporated (Autoliv Incorporated)
• Inventors: Taylor, Robert D., Barnes, Michael W., Deppert, Thomas M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Walsh, Donald P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CHI, ANTHONY
• Application Number:
  US08/182,478
• Time in Patent Office: 942 Days
• Field of Search: 149/21, 149/2, 149/61, 149/83, 149/85
• US Class Current: 149/83
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 43/00 Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

A gas generant composition includes a fuel, at least 25 wt % of which is an alkali, alkaline earth, and/or transition metal salt of dicyanamide and an oxidizer which is an ammonium, alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salt of a chlorate, perchlorate or nitrate.

Claims

1. A gas generant composition comprising between about 10 and about 60 wt % of a fuel, at least about 25 wt % up to 100% of which is a transition metal salt of dicyanamide or mixture of transition metal salts of dicyanamide, balance other fuel and

between about 40 and about 90 wt % of an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium, alkali metal and alkanline earth metal chlorates, perchlorates, nitrates and mixtures thereof.

2. A gas generant composition according to claim 1 containing between about 0.5 and about 10 wt % of a binder.

3. A generant composition according to claim 2 wherein said binder is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, vinyl fluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, nitrocellulose, polysaccharides, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polycarbonates, sodium silicate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate and mixtures thereof.

4. A gas generant according to claim 2 wherein said binder is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and polycarbonates.

5. A gas generant composition according to claim 1 further containing between about 1 and about 10 wt % of a coolant selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, oxalates and mixtures thereof.

6. A gas generant composition according to claim 1 further containing between about 1 and about 10 wt % of graphite fibers.

7. A gas generant composition according to claim 1 further containing between about 0.5 and about 30 wt % alumina and/or silica.

8. A gas generant composition according to claim 1 containing in addition to said salt(s) of dicyanamide up to about 50 wt % of a fuel selected from the group consisting of salts of bitetrazole, aminotetrazole, nitrotriazolone, triazolone, salts of nitrobarbituric acid, salts of nitroorotic acid, nitrouracil, salts of guanidine, salts of amino-substituted guanidine, and mixtures thereof.

9. A gas generant composition according to claim 1 wherein said salt of dicyanamide is cupric dicyanamide.

10. A gas generant composition according to claim 1 wherein between about 10 and about 50 wt % of said oxidizer comprises a transition metal oxide or mixtures thereof.

11. A gas generant composition according to claim 10 wherein said transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of ferric oxide, cupric oxide and mixtures thereof.

12. A gas generant composition according to claim 9 wherein said transition metal oxide is cupric oxide.

13. A gas generant composition comprising between about 10 and about 60 wt % of a fuel, at least about 25 wt % up to 100% of which is zinc dicyanamide, balance other fuel and

between about 40 and about 90 wt % of an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal chlorates, perchlorates, nitrates and mixtures thereof.

14. A gas generant composition comprising between about 10 and about 60 wt % of a fuel, at least about 25 wt % up to 100% of which is copper dicyanamide, balance other fuel and

between about 40 and about 90 wt % of an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal chlorates, perchlorates, nitrates and mixtures thereof.