Zero voltage switching controller of resonance mode converter and electronic ballast using the same

• US 5,546,300 A
• Filed: 08/16/1994
• Issued: 08/13/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/17/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fairchild Korea Semiconductor Limited (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Lee, Young-sik, Choi, Nak-choon, Jo, Hyun-min, Jee, Kyung-ha
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, MATTHEW VAN
• Application Number:
  US08/291,594
• Time in Patent Office: 728 Days
• Field of Search: 363/16, 363/17, 363/20, 363/21, 363/97, 363/98, 363/131, 363/132, 323/235, 323/319, 315/123, 315/125, 315/126, 315/207, 315/209 R
• US Class Current: 363/132
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/53871 with automatic control of output voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/2851 for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 20/00 Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A controller for performing a zero voltage switching using a resonance mode converter, and an electronic ballast adopting the same, includes a power controller, a shutdown protection circuit and a brownout circuit, and performs a switching when voltage of a switching element is zero, thereby preventing excessive power consumption, enhancing efficiency and decreasing noise.

Claims

1. An electronic ballast adopting a zero voltage switching system which decreases power consumption caused by the switching operation and efficiently provides power in a resonance mode power supply (RMPS) for switching the direct voltage provided by rectifying an alternating current power source so as to provide a DC voltage source to a load via a resonator, said electronic ballast comprising:

a resonance mode converter for performing zero voltage switching on the DC voltage source according to a drive signal by using a predetermined frequency so that electricity can be supplied to the load, said resonance mode converter including first switching means connected to the positive terminal of the DC voltage source so as to perform a switching at zero voltage according to said drive signal, second switching means connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage source and said first switching means so as to perform a switching at zero voltage according to said drive signal, a control transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, said secondary winding being connected to said first switching means, said second switching means and the load, respectively, and a serial resonance circuit being connected to said control transformer for delivering electricity to the load; and

a zero voltage switching (ZVS) circuit for receiving outputs of the DC voltage source and said resonance mode converter and in response thereto outputting said drive signal according to the state of the load so that said resonance mode converter can be controlled so as to perform zero voltage switching, said ZVS circuit including a drive signal generator for generating a sawtooth wave signal according to a control current and comparing the result with a reference voltage so as to generate said drive signal and a zero voltage switching enable signal, a power controller for controlling a control current produced by said resonance mode converter, the DC voltage source and said control current depending on the state of the load, and a zero voltage switching ensuring circuit for receiving said control current and said zero voltage switching enable signal so as to ensure that said resonance mode converter performs a zero voltage switching, wherein said zero voltage switching circuit is connected to said primary winding of said control transformer.

2. An electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein said resonance mode converter provides power to said ZVS circuit in a power regeneration mode during normal operation.

3. An electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein said ZVS circuit further comprises a control power source circuit for receiving said DC voltage source and the current generated by said resonance mode converter provides power of said ZVS control circuit;

and

a brownout circuit for lowering the voltage of an input power to a predetermined voltage for the purpose of saving energy, and for shutting down said power controller when the voltage of said DC voltage source is lower than a predetermined voltage, and for directly outputting said control current to said drive signal generator.

4. An electronic ballast according to claim 3, wherein said power controller comprises a power control circuit for sensing and comparing said load state, said DC voltage source and said control current with a reference, an illuminance circuit for sensing ambient illuminance and varying the control current of said power control circuit so that suitable illuminance is provided, and an analog switch for outputting or shutting down the control current of said illuminance circuit according to an output of said brownout circuit.

5. An electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein said drive signal generator comprises a soft start circuit for increasing the frequency of said sawtooth wave signal in order to preliminarily heat said lamp when an initial power is applied or a shutdown signal is input, a sawtooth wave signal generator for generating said sawtooth wave signal that is compared with a reference voltage while varying a frequency according to the control current input from said soft start circuit, said brownout circuit and said analog switch, and a control signal driver for receiving said driving pulse so as to output said drive signal for performing a zero voltage switching on said first and second switching means, and outputting the current generated by said resonance mode converter and supplied to said control power in a power regeneration mode.

6. An electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein said ZVS circuit further comprises an input voltage limiting circuit for detecting an input voltage and outputting a shutdown signal after comparing the input voltage with a predetermined voltage, an excess heat protection circuit for detecting a temperature so as to output a shutdown signal if the detected temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature and for extending a preliminary heating time period for said lamp if the detected temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature so that said switching element can be protected, and a load state detection circuit for detecting the current flowing through a resonance coil of said resonance mode converter so as to sense the state of the load and output a shutdown signal and said control current.

7. An electronic ballast according to claim 3, wherein said control power source circuit comprises an undervoltage lock-out (UVLO) circuit for receiving said DC voltage source so as to lock out when the voltage of said DC voltage is lower than said predetermined voltage and a control power supply for supplying said ZVS control circuit with electricity when said UVLO circuit releases the lockout.

8. An electronic ballast according to claim 1, wherein said ZVS ensuring circuit boosts the amplitude of said sawtooth wave signal so that the capacitor of said resonance mode converter can discharge sufficiently, and thus increases dead time of said drive signal.

9. A control circuit for use in an electronic ballast including a resonance mode converter for providing electricity to a load according to a control signal and which has first and second switching elements for receiving a DC voltage generated by rectifying an AC voltage and for performing a switching at zero voltage by using a predetermined frequency according to a drive signal, said electronic ballast control circuit comprising:

a drive signal generator for generating a sawtooth wave signal that is compared with a reference voltage and outputting a drive signal and a zero voltage switching enable signal;

a power controller for receiving the current generated by said resonance mode converter, the DC voltage source and the current flowing through the load, and for outputting a control current to said drive signal generator so that the electricity applied to the load can be maintained at a constant level, and for controlling the frequency of said sawtooth wave signal;

a zero voltage switching ensuring circuit for receiving the current generated by said resonance mode converter and said zero voltage switching enable signal, and for increasing dead time of said drive signal so that said resonance mode converter can perform a zero voltage switching;

a shutdown protection circuit for receiving the current generated by said resonance mode converter, the DC voltage source and the current flowing through the load, and for shutting down said drive signal when an abnormal state occurs; and

a brownout circuit for receiving the DC voltage source so as to sense that said input voltage is below a predetermined voltage and shuts down the control current of said power controller, and for outputting a predetermined control current so as to lower, the electricity applied to the load according to the received voltage.

10. An electronic ballast system employing a zero voltage switching system for switching the direct voltage provided by rectifying an alternating current power source so as to provide a DC voltage source to a load via a resonator, said electronic ballast system comprising:

resonance mode converter means for performing zero voltage switching in accordance with a drive signal for controlling electricity supplied to the load, said resonance mode converter means including;

(a) control transformer means having a primary winding and a secondary winding,

(b) first switching means connected to a positive terminal of the D.C. voltage source and the secondary winding of said control transformer means,

(c) second switching means connected to a negative terminal of the D.C. voltage source, the secondary winding of said control transformer means and said first switching means, and

(d) resonance circuit means, connected to the secondary winding of said control transformer and said first and second switching means, for delivering the electricity to the load,

and;

zero voltage switching circuit means connected to the primary winding of said central transformer and for receiving a D.C. voltage from said resonance mode converter means and the rectified output of the alternating current power source and in response thereto outputting said drive signal for controlling said resonance mode converter means to perform zero voltage switching, said zero voltage switching circuit means including;

(e) power control means for sensing changes in input power received from said resonance mode converter means and power applied to the load, and, in response thereto, outputting a control current, and

(f) drive signal means for receiving said control current from said power control means and generating said drive signal for controlling said first and second switching means of said resonance mode converter means so as to ensure zero voltage switching.