Method of transmitting low-power frequency hopped spread spectrum data

• US 5,546,422 A
• Filed: 12/22/1994
• Issued: 08/13/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/20/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nexus 1994 Limited
• Original Assignee: Nexus 1994 Limited
• Inventors: Harel, Haim, Meiman, Yehouda, Yokev, Hanoch
• Primary Examiner(s): CANGIALOSI, SALVATORE A
• Application Number:
  US08/362,114
• Time in Patent Office: 600 Days
• Field of Search: 375/200, 375/202
• US Class Current: 375/134
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 1/026 of associated receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/023 Monitoring or calibrating
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/043 Receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/10 Means for reducing or compensating for quadrantal, site, or like errors
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0009 Transmission of position information to remote stations involving assistance data G01S5/0236
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/021 Calibration, monitoring or correction G01S5/0252 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/04 Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/713 using frequency hopping
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7156 Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2681 Synchronisation of a mobile station with one base station
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2693 Centralised synchronisation, i.e. using external universal time reference, e.g. by using a global positioning system [GPS] or by distributing time reference over the wireline network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0007 the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0053 Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0062 Avoidance of ingress interference, e.g. ham radio channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0091 Signaling for the administration of the divided path
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/025 with acknowledge back capability
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/022 Selective call receivers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

An acknowledgement paging system is described which fits within the existing infrastructure of a paging network and which provides low cost manufacture and low power operation while still enabling the acknowledgement paging over long distances. The acknowledgement paging system consists of a standard paging transmitter and a plurality of remote paging units which respond to a page using frequency-hopped spread-spectrum differential bi-phase shift keying communications. The plurality of pagers are assigned to groups with each group being assigned a separate starting location in a common, repeating pseudo-random noise code which determines the frequency hops. The grouping of pagers minimizes the collisions of acknowledgment transmissions between groups and the enables a large number of paging units to operate within a single geographic area. The pagers include a special double loop PLL synthesizer to produce an accurate narrow band frequency and to change or hop frequencies in a rapid fashion. The base receiving unit employs special algorithms for retrieving very low power acknowledgement paging messages in a noisy environment by using data redundancy, data interleaving, soft decoding and error correction codes to strip the bi-phase-modulated, frequency-hopped spread-spectrum digital data transmitted from the remote pocket pagers. A history of the frequency and phase drift is used during reception of the acknowledgement messages to predict the phase and frequency drift of the encoded digital information to further reduce decoding error. Signal to noise ratios are determined for each frequency hop and relatively noisy hops are discarded or minimized in a soft decoding process based redundancy of data bits.

Claims

1. A method of transmitting frequency-hopped spread spectrum data from a remote unit of a reverse paging system, comprising the steps of:

receiving periodic synchronization information;

continually monitoring a local repeating pseudo-random code sequence;

synchronizing the local repeating pseudo-random code sequence to the periodic synchronization information and for selecting a frequency hopping sequence based upon the repeating pseudo-random code sequence;

inputting the data to be transmitted as a plurality of bits of digital data;

encoding the bits of digital data using an error correction scheme to produce a larger number of encoded bits of digital data;

dividing the encoded bits of digital data into groups of encoded bits of digital data;

duplicating the groups of encoded bits of digital data to produce redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data;

interleaving the redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data to produce a plurality of interleaved redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data; and

modulating and serially transmitting each of the plurality of interleaved redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data onto a series of hop frequencies of a frequency-hopped carrier in synchrony with the repeating pseudo-random code sequence.

2. A method of decoding the plurality of interleaved redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

receiving each of the series of hop frequencies of the frequency-hopped carrier, each hop frequency containing one of the plurality of interleaved redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data;

determining the signal to noise ratio of each of the hop frequencies;

de-interleaving the interleaved redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data to re-produce the plurality of redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data;

tabulating individual bits of the redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data to produce table of a plurality of values representing the individual groups;

weighting each entry in the table of the plurality of values representing the individual groups by the signal to noise ratio of each of the hop frequencies to which each individual bit corresponds to produce weighted values for each of the individual bits; and

decoding the digital value of each of the weighted values for each of the individual bits.