Spread spectrum radiotelephone having adaptive transmitter gain control

• US 5,548,616 A
• Filed: 09/09/1994
• Issued: 08/20/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Mobile Phones UK Limited (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Heinonen, Jarmo, Mucke, Lars H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Le, Amanda T.
• Application Number:
  US08/303,619
• Time in Patent Office: 711 Days
• Field of Search: 375/205, 375/219, 375/296, 375/297, 375/340, 375/345, 375/302, 455/69, 455/67.1, 455/73, 455/84, 455/88, 455/89, 455/115, 455/126, 455/127, 455/232.1, 455/234.1, 455/234.2, 455/240.1, 455/246.1, 330/129, 330/136, 330/103
• US Class Current: 375/295
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3042 in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers transmission power control in bidirectional transmission systems H04W52/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/52 using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers

Abstract

This invention teaches a method, and circuits that operate in accordance with the method, for adaptively controlling the transmitted power of a CDMA transmitter (50, 102). The method includes the steps of: (a) presetting a register, such as a counter (112), with an estimate of a maximum transmitter gain signal, the counter having an count output that is a representation of a maximum transmitter gain signal (TX max); (b) deriving a transmitter gain signal (TX gain) from a received CDMA signal; (c) comparing TX max to TX gain and, if TX gain is greater than TX max, (d) applying a gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX max, and (e) enabling the counter to increase its count; else, if TX gain is less than TX max, (f) applying a gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX gain, and (g) disabling the counter from increasing its count.

Claims

1. A method for adaptively controlling the transmitted power of a transmitter, comprising the steps of:

setting a register means for storing a digital representation of an estimate of a value of a maximum transmitter gain signal, the register means having an output that is a representation of a maximum transmitter gain signal TX max;

deriving a transmitter gain signal TX gain from a received signal;

comparing TX max to TX gain and, if TX gain is greater than TX max,

applying a first transmitter gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX max, and

enabling said register means to increase the stored digital representation of the estimate of the value of the maximum transmitter gain signal;

else, if TX gain is less than TX max, applying a second transmitter gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX gain, and

disabling said register means from increasing the stored digital representation of the estimate of the value of the maximum transmitter gain signal.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1 and further including the steps of:

generating a reference transmitted power signal indicator TXPI ref;

generating, as a function of an actual transmitted power, a transmitted power signal indicator TXPI;

comparing TXPI to TXPI ref and, if TXPI is greater than TXPI ref, causing said register means to decrease the stored digital representation of the estimate of the value of the maximum transmitter gain signal without regard for whether TX max is greater than or less than TX gain;

else, causing said register means to increase the stored digital representation of the estimate of the value of the maximum transmitter gain signal, so long as TX gain is greater than TX max.

3. A method as set forth in claim 2 wherein said register means is comprised of an up/down counter means that stores the digital representation of the estimate of the value of the maximum transmitter gain signal, and further comprising a step of selectively applying a control signal TX ON to said counter means to enable said counter means to count up or to count down only when the transmitter is transmitting.

4. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein the TX ON signal is applied only during a transmission of a burst of information from the transmitter.

5. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the transmitter operates in one of at least two modes, and further comprising a step of selectively applying a control signal Mode Control to cause only the first transmitter gain control signal that is derived from TX max to be applied to the transmitter.

6. A method as set forth in claim 5 wherein the Mode Control control signal is applied for indicating that the transmitter is operating in a frequency modulated (FM) mode.

7. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the steps of applying the first and second transmitter gain control signal each include a step of converting the TX max or the TX gain signal from a digital format to an analog representation of the digital format.

8. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the steps of applying the first and second transmitter gain control signals each include a step of applying a transmitter amplifier slope correction to the first and second transmitter gain control signals.

9. A method as set forth in claim 1 and further comprising the steps of:

applying one of the first and second transmitter gain control signals to a variable gain transmitter amplifier;

modifying the applied one of the transmitter gain control signals to form a bias signal; and

applying the bias signal to a transmitter power amplifier to control the linearity of the transmitter power amplifier.

10. A method for adaptively limiting the transmitted power of a transmitter, comprising the steps of:

setting a register means for storing a digital representation of an estimate of a value of a maximum transmitter gain signal, the register means having an output that is a representation of a maximum transmitter gain signal TX max;

deriving a transmitter gain signal TX gain from a received signal;

comparing TX max to TX gain and, if TX gain is greater than TX max,

applying a first transmitter gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX max;

else, if TX gain is less than TX max, applying a second transmitter gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX gain;

generating a reference transmitted power signal indicator TXPI ref;

generating, as a function of an actual transmitted power, a transmitted power signal indicator TXPI;

comparing TXPI to TXPI ref and, if TXPI is greater than TXPI ref, and if the transmitter is transmitting a burst of information, decreasing the digital representation of the value of the stored estimate Of the maximum transmitter gain signal;

else, and if the transmitter is transmitting a burst of information, increasing the digital representation of the value of the stored estimate of the maximum transmitter gain signal, so long as TX gain is greater than TX max.

11. Apparatus for adaptively controlling the transmitted power of a transmitter, comprising:

register means having an input for being set with a digital representation of an estimate of a value of a maximum transmitter gain signal, the register means having an output that is a representation of a maximum transmitter gain signal TX max;

means for deriving a transmitter gain signal TX gain from a received signal; and

first comparing means for comparing TX max to TX gain, said first comparing means being responsive to a condition wherein TX gain is greater than TX max for applying a first transmitter gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX max and also for enabling said register means to increase the digital representation of the stored value, said first comparing means further being responsive to a condition wherein TX gain is less than TX max for applying a second transmitter gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX gain and also for disabling said register means from increasing the digital representation of the stored value.

12. Apparatus as set forth in claim 11 and further comprising:

means for generating a reference transmitted power signal indicator TXPI ref;

means for generating, as a function of an actual transmitted power, a transmitted power signal indicator TXPI; and

second comparing means for comparing TXPI to TXPI ref, said second comparing means being responsive to TXPI being greater than TXPI ref for causing said register means to decrease the digital representation of the stored value without regard for whether TX max is greater than or less than TX gain, said second comparing means further being responsive to TXPI being less than TXPI ref for causing said register means to increase the digital representation of the stored value, so long as TX gain is greater than TX max.

13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12 wherein said register means is responsive to a control signal TX ON for increasing or decreasing the digital representation of the stored value only when the control signal TX ON is asserted.

14. Apparatus as set forth in claim 13 wherein the TX ON signal is asserted only during a transmission of a burst of information from said transmitter.

15. Apparatus as set forth in claim 11 wherein said transmitter operates in one of at least two modes, and further comprising means for selectively asserting a control signal Mode Control to cause only the first transmitter gain control signal that is derived from TX max to be applied to the transmitter.

16. Apparatus as set forth in claim 15 wherein the Mode Control control signal is asserted for indicating that said transmitter is operating in a frequency modulated (FM) mode.

17. Apparatus as set forth in claim 11 and further including means for converting at least one of said TX max and said TX gain signal from a digital format to an analog representation of the digital format.

18. A method for adaptively controlling the transmitted power of a transmitter, comprising the steps of:

storing in a register means a digital representation of an estimate of a value of a maximum transmitter gain signal, the register means having an output TX max that is a representation of the stored digital representation;

applying a gain control signal to the transmitter that is derived from TX max;

generating a reference transmitted power signal indicator TXPI ref;

generating, as a function of an actual transmitted power, a transmitted power signal indicator TXPI;

comparing TXPI to TXPI ref; and

only during a time that TXPI is indicated to be valid, selectively one of incrementing and decrementing the stored digital representation within the register means in accordance with the comparison so as to minimize a difference between TXPI and TXPI ref.

19. A method as set forth in claim 18 wherein said transmitter operates in one of at least two modes, and further comprising an initial step of generating a control signal Mode Control to cause only a gain control signal that is derived from TX max to be applied to the transmitter, wherein the Mode Control signal is generated only when operating in a frequency modulated (FM) mode of operation.

20. A method for adaptively controlling the transmitted power of a transmitter that forms a portion of a radiotelephone that is operable in one of at least two modes of operation including a code division, multiple access (CDMA) first mode of operation and a frequency modulated (FM) second mode of operation, comprising the steps of:

measuring an actual power that is being transmitted by the transmitter to generate a transmitted power indication signal;

comparing the transmitted power indication signal to a reference signal to generate a control signal;

when the radiotelephone is operating in the first mode of operation, adaptively controlling the transmitter power with a transmitter gain control signal that is formed in accordance with one of a generated power control signal, that is a combination of an open loop transmitter power control signal and a closed loop transmitter power control signal, and an adjustable power control signal that is controllably increased and decreased in accordance with the control signal and in accordance with a difference between a value of the generated power control signal and a value of the adjustable power control signal; and

when the radiotelephone is operating in the second mode of operation, adaptively controlling the transmitter power with the transmitter gain control signal that is formed in accordance with only the adjustable power control signal that is controllably increased and decreased in accordance with the control signal.

21. A method as set forth in claim 20, wherein the steps of adaptively controlling each include the steps of:

applying the transmitter gain control signal to a variable gain transmitter amplifier;

modifying the transmitter gain control signal to form a bias signal; and

applying the bias signal to a transmitter power amplifier to control the linearity of the transmitter power amplifier.

22. A method as set forth in claim 20 and further including the steps of:

receiving a signal Vin with a receiver amplifier;

detecting the received signal with a logarithmic absolute value detector where;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Vout=log(AVG|Vin|),

where AVG|Vin| is the average of the absolute value of Vin;

integrating Vout;

applying a receiver slope correction to the integrated Vout to generate a receiver gain setting signal; and

controlling the gain of the receiver amplifier with the receiver gain setting signal.

23. A method as set forth in claim 22 and further including the step of:

filtering the integrated Vout to form the open loop transmitter power control signal.

24. A method as set forth in claim 22 wherein the step of detecting includes an initial step of converting the received signal to base band.