Micromachined holes for optical fiber connection

• US 5,550,942 A
• Filed: 03/03/1995
• Issued: 08/27/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 07/18/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Sang K. Sheem
• Original Assignee: Sang K. Sheem
• Inventors: Sheem, Sang K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ullah, Akm E.
• Application Number:
  US08/397,941
• Time in Patent Office: 543 Days
• Field of Search: 385/53, 385/54, 385/55, 385/56, 385/64, 385/65, 385/70, 385/76, 385/83
• US Class Current: 385/53
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/262 Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/30 for use between fibre and thin-film device
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/325 comprising a transparent member, e.g. window, protective plate
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3502 involving direct waveguide displacement, e.g. cantilever type waveguide displacement involving waveguide bending, or displacing an interposed waveguide between stationary waveguides
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3582 Housing means or package or arranging details of the switching elements, e.g. for thermal isolation
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3636 the mechanical coupling means being grooves G02B6/3652 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3644 the coupling means being through-holes or wall apertures
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3652 the additional structures being prepositioning mounting areas, allowing only movement in one dimension, e.g. grooves, trenches or vias in the microbench surface, i.e. self aligning supporting carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3672 with fibres arranged in a regular matrix array
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3692 with surface micromachining involving etching, e.g. wet or dry etching steps surface micromachining involving subtractive techniques B81C1/00055
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3833 Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3834 Means for centering or aligning the light guide within the ferrule
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3839 for a plurality of light guides
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3863 fabricated by using polishing techniques grinding of the fibre ends B24B19/226
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3873 Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3874 using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3885 Multicore or multichannel optical connectors, i.e. one single ferrule containing more than one fibre, e.g. ribbon type optical ribbon cable G02B6/4403, G02B6/448
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/4204 the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms encapsulated active devices H01S5/02208, H01L33/52
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/423 using guiding surfaces for the alignment
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/4231 with intermediate elements, e.g. rods and balls, between the elements

Abstract

Novel embodiments and manufacturing methods for optical fiber connector plugs and sleeves are disclosed, in which precision holes are fabricated through a thin slab, preferably using preferential etching technique on a semiconductor wafer, such as silicon or gallium arsenide. The angle of the slope is specific in the preferentially etched through-holes. Optical fibers are inserted into the V-shaped through-holes, with the orientation perpendicular to the surface of the slab. The edges of the slab may be sloped at the same slope angle of the through-holes. The same technique can be used to fabricate a sleeve with a twin V-square recess with the same slope angle on the both ends. Since the slope angles are all same and specific, precisely-fitting through-holes, plugs, and sleeves may be fabricated for single-fiber connection and array connection.

Claims

1. An optical fiber connector plug comprising an optical fiber;

and a substantially planar thin slab provided with a front surface, a rear surface, and a through-hole;

wherein the through-hole is registered and fabricated with the aid of the lithography so as to ensure precise location of the through-hole, and the bore size of the through-hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber, the optical fiber is terminated on the front surface of the thin slab, and the optical fiber is oriented substantially perpendicular to the front surface of the slab.

2. The invention according to claim 1 wherein the through-hole is created by etching the thin slab by a micromachining technique.

3. The invention according to claim 2 wherein the micromachining technique consists of wet chemical etching.

4. The invention according to claim 2 wherein the micromachining technique consists of a dry-etching.

5. The invention according to claim 4 wherein the dry etching technique consists of ion-milling.

6. The invention according to claim 4 wherein the dry etching technique consists of sputter-etching.

7. The invention according to claim 1 wherein the thin-slab is made of a material with preferential etching characteristics so as to permit fabrication of a precise through-hole.

8. The invention according to claim 7 wherein the material is silicon.

9. The invention according to claim 8 wherein the silicon has (100) orientation so as to allow fabrication of a V-square through-hole with well-defined side walls sloped at a specific angle with respect to the surface of the thin slab.

10. The invention according to claim 7 wherein the material is gallium arsenide.

11. The invention according to claim 7 wherein the material is indium phosphite.

12. The invention according to claim 7 wherein the through-hole is etched from the rear side of the thin slab so as to make the bore size of the through-hole larger on the rear side than on the front side.

13. The invention according to claim 7 wherein the outside boundaries of the slab are formed by the preferential etching so that the slab is substantially rectangular in shape, and the side lengths are precise, and the side edges have sloped surfaces with the slope angle same as the slope angle of the inside walls of the through-hole.

14. An optical fiber connector sleeve comprising a substantially planar thin slab with a front surface, rear surface and a through-hole;

wherein the through-hole is registered and fabricated by lithographic method to ensure precise size and location, and the bore size of the through-hole is larger on the front surface and the rear surface as compared to the bore size in the mid-point between the two surfaces so that connector plugs may be seated on the front and the rear surfaces of the thin slab for optical fiber alignment.

15. The invention according to claim 14 the thin-slab is made of a material with preferential etching characteristics so as to permit fabrication of precise through-hole.

16. The invention according to claim 15 wherein the material is silicon.

17. The invention according to claim 16 wherein the thin slab made of silicon has (100) orientation so as to allow fabrication of a V-square through-hole with well-defined side walls sloped at a specific angle with respect to the surface of the thin slab.

18. The invention according to claim 15 wherein the material is gallium arsenide.

19. The invention according to claim 15 wherein the material is indium phosphite.

20. An optical fiber connector plug comprising a plurality of optical fibers;

and a substantially planar thin slab with a front surface, rear surface and a plurality of through-holes;

wherein the through-holes are registered and fabricated with the aid of the lithography so as to ensure precise locations of the through-holes and precise intervals among the through-holes, and the bore sizes of the through-holes are slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fibers, one of the optical fibers is inserted into one of the through-holes from the rear side so as to terminate the end of the optical fiber on the front surface of the thin slab, and the optical fibers are oriented substantially perpendicular to the front surface of the slab.

21. An optical fiber connector sleeve comprising a substantially planar thin slab with a front surface, rear surface and a plurality of through-holes;

wherein the through-holes are registered and fabricated with the aid of the lithography so as to ensure precise locations of the throughholes and precise intervals among the through-holes, and the bore sizes of the through-holes are larger on the front surface and the rear surface as compared to the bore sizes in the mid-point between the two surfaces so that connector plugs may be seated on the front and the rear surfaces of the thin slab for optical fiber alignment.