Sensor for measuring blood pressure

• US 5,551,437 A
• Filed: 08/01/1994
• Issued: 09/03/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/05/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Avl Medical Instruments AG (Roche Holding AG)
• Original Assignee: Avl Medical Instruments AG (Roche Holding AG)
• Inventors: Lotscher, Bernhard
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Application Number:
  US08/256,974
• Time in Patent Office: 764 Days
• Field of Search: 125/677, 125/690, 125/689, 125/687, 125/672, 125/637, 125/639, 125/644
• US Class Current: 600/485
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/025 within occluders, e.g. responsive to Korotkoff sounds electric stethoscopes A61B7/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7214 using signal cancellation, e.g. based on input of two identical physiological sensors spaced apart, or based on two signals derived from the same sensor, for different optical wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 7/045 Detection of Korotkoff sounds A61B5/0225 takes precedence; measuring blood pressure A61B5/021

Abstract

A sensor with a first, second and third force pick-up includes a piece of foil made of piezoelectric material which serves all three pick-ups and carries a number of electrodes. The second and third pick-up are located one on either side of the first pick-up and are characterized by a smaller pick-up surface than the first one. For measuring blood pressure the sensor is pressed against a part of a patient'"'"'s body such that the first force pick-up, i.e., the one in the middle, is at the shortest possible distance from a large artery. During measurement the absolute values of the changes in the measurement values of the three force pick-ups, which are due to the pulsating blood stream, are added. On the other hand the changes in the measurement values caused by interfering forces will cancel each other out.

Claims

1. A combination of a sensor for measuring blood pressure and a fastening means for positioning the sensor against a live body, said sensor comprising first, second and third force pick-up means for detecting pulses of blood passing through an artery in a live body, said first force pick-up means being located between said second and third force pick-up means, each of said first, second and third force pick-up means defining a surface which can be positioned close to a live body containing an artery, the surfaces of said second and third force pick-up means being smaller than the surface of said first force pick-up means, and said fastening means positioning the sensor against a live body so that said first force pick-up means is pressed against a part of the live body containing an artery therein.

2. A sensor as in claim 1, wherein the first, second and third force pick-up means (14, 44) are configured as piezoelectric transducers.

3. A sensor as in claim 1, wherein the first, second and third force pick-up means are provided with one common piece of flexible foil which is made of piezoelectric material and carries a number of electrodes.

4. A sensor as in claim 1, wherein the fastening means are provided with at least one spring component elastically pressing the first, second and third force pick-up means against the live body.

5. A device for measuring blood pressure with a sensor comprising first, second and third force pick-ups, said first force pick-up being located between said second and third force pick-ups, and a fastening means for pressing said first force pick-up against a part of a live body containing an artery, said device including electronic circuitry, wherein the sensor and the circuitry provide a first measurement variable, and a second measurement variable, and a third measurement variable measuring at least one of the force and the change of force obtained from the first, second, and third force pick-ups, and to combine the three measurement variables, wherein the second and third force pick-ups are connected electrically parallel to each other and antiparallel to the first force pick-up.

6. A device as in claim 5, including a housing containing at least part of the electronic circuitry, said housing being supported by the fastening means.

8. A device as in claim 5, wherein the electronic circuitry is provided with calibration means for setting and/or entering at least one calibration value, and/or can be connected thereto, permitting determination of the systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure in at least quasi-continuous fashion after at least one calibration value has been set and/or entered, this value having been obtained by a measurement on the body with a calibration/measuring device.

7. A device for measuring blood pressure with a sensor comprising first, second and third force pick-ups, said first force pick-up being located between said second and third force pick-ups, a fastening means for pressing said first force pick-up against a part of a live body containing an artery, and electronic circuitry, wherein the sensor and the circuitry provide a first measurement variable, and a second measurement variable, and a third measurement variable measuring at least one of the force and the change of force obtained from the first, second, and third force pick-ups, and to combine the three measurement variables, wherein the electronic circuitry is provided with at least one manually adjustable adjusting element in order to adjustably combine at least one of the first, second and third measurement variables with an electric signal generated by the respective force pick-up.

9. A device as in claim 7, wherein the circuitry comprises a subtraction unit combining the three measurement variables of said force pick-ups in such a way that the absolute values of the changes in the second and third measurement variable are subtracted from the absolute value of the change in the first measurement variable if these changes are produced by an increase in the pressure forces acting on the three force pick-ups.

10. A device as in claim 7, wherein the circuitry comprises a subtraction unit to subtract the second measurement variable and the third measurement variable from the first measurement variable, thus forming a fourth measurement variable as a measure for the blood pressure.

11. A device as in claim 7, including a housing containing at least part of the electronic circuitry, said housing being supported by the fastening means.

12. A device as in claim 7, wherein the electronic circuitry is provided with calibration means for setting and/or entering at least one calibration value, and/or can be connected thereto, permitting determination of the systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure in at least quasi-continuous fashion after at least one calibration value has been set and/or entered, this value having been obtained by a measurement on the body with a calibration/measuring device.

13. A method for measuring blood pressure utilizing a sensor comprising first, second and third force pickups, said first force pick-up being located between said second and third force pick-ups, and a fastening means for pressing said first force pick-up against a part of a live body containing an artery, each of said first, second and third force pick-ups having a pick-up surface, wherein the pick-up surface of the second and third force pick-ups is smaller than the pick-up surface of the first force pick-up, wherein said method comprises the steps of positioning the sensor on a live body in such a way that the first force pick-up is closer to an artery than the second and third force pick-ups, detecting blood pulses passing through said artery with said first, second and third force pick-ups, and determining the blood pressure in said artery from said detected blood pulses.