Malfunction diagnosis apparatus for internal combustion engine

• US 5,557,933 A
• Filed: 09/08/1994
• Issued: 09/24/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/08/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Engineering Company Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.), Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Numata, Akihito, Kawano, Kazuya, Takaku, Yutaka, Ishii, Toshio, Mukaihira, Takashi
• Primary Examiner(s): Hart, Douglas
• Application Number:
  US08/302,409
• Time in Patent Office: 747 Days
• Field of Search: 60/274, 60/276, 60/277
• US Class Current: 60/274
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 11/007 the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2550/02 Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 2041/1432 the system including a filter, e.g. a low pass or high pass filter
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0235 in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus control of exhaust gas treating apparatus per se F01N
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1441 Plural sensors
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1495 Detection of abnormalities in the air/fuel ratio feedback system
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/222 relating to the failure of sensors or parameter detection devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 Engine management systems

Abstract

Provided is an internal combustion engine malfunction diagnosis apparatus capable of diagnosing the deterioration of an internal combustion engine with a high accuracy and capable of diagnosing deterioration of a fluctuation factor detection section of the engine with a high accuracy in irrespective of the engine speed.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a malfunction diagnosis apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprises: a crank angle detection sensor for detecting a crank angle of the internal combustion engine; a fluctuation factor measurement means for measuring a state of a fluctuation factor of the internal combustion engine; an angular-based data sampling section for sampling data of an output signal from the fluctuation factor measurement means at a predetermined rotation angle of a crank shaft in accordance with a crank angle signal from the crank angle detection sensor; a malfunction judgement section for judging a malfunction of the internal combustion engine on the basis of data sampled by the angular-based data sampling section; a time-based data sampling section for sampling an output signal from the fluctuation factor measurement means at every lapse of a predetermined constant time; and a fluctuation factor measurement means deterioration judgement section for judging deterioration of the fluctuation factor measurement means on the basis of data sampled by the time-based data sampling section.

Claims

1. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising:

a fluctuation factor state measurement sensor;

an angular-based data sampler which samples data of an output signal from said fluctuation factor state measurement sensor at a rate dependent on engine speed;

a malfunction judgment means for judging a malfunction of a function of said internal combustion engine on the basis of data sampled by said angular-based data sampler;

a time-based data sampler which samples an output signal from said fluctuation state measurement sensor at every lapse of a predetermined constant time and supplies said output signal from said time-based data sampler to a filter.

2. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising a fluctuation factor state measurement sensor deterioration judgment means for judging deterioration of said fluctuation factor state measurement sensor on the basis of data sampled by said time-based data sampler wherein said deterioration judgment means is responsive to a magnitude of an incline of a wave form of said sampled data.

3. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus as in claim 1, wherein said fluctuation factor state measurement sensor comprises:

a pre-catalyst air-fuel ratio sensor arranged at an upstream side of a catalyst of said internal combustion engine to detect an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas of said internal combustion engine at an upstream side of said catalyst, and

a post-catalyst air-fuel ratio sensor arranged at a downstream side of said catalyst to detect an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas at the downstream side of said catalyst.

4. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus as in claim 3, further comprising a noise removal means for removing noise components from the output signal of said pre-catalyst air-fuel ratio sensor.

5. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus as in claim 2, further comprising a catalytic converter judgement means having a preset catalyst monitoring zone constituted by predetermined conditions and for determining whether said predetermined conditions of said preset catalyst monitoring zone are satisfied.

6. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus as in claim 5, further comprising:

an engine speed sensor for detecting a rotational speed of said internal combustion engine, and

an intake air flow rate sensor for detecting an intake air flow rate of said internal combustion engine,

wherein said catalyst monitoring zone judgement section judges that the conditions of said catalyst monitoring zone are satisfied when

the rotational speed of said internal combustion engine is higher than or equal to a predetermined rotational speed value, and

a catalyst temperature estimated from the rotational speed, and intake air flow rate of said internal combustion engine is higher than or equal to a predetermined temperature.

7. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus as in claim 5, wherein said catalytic converter deterioration judgement section includes:

a correlation function computation section for calculating cross-correlation functions of the output signals of said pre- and post-catalyst air-fuel ratio sensors and auto-correlation functions of the output signals of said pre-catalyst air-fuel ratio sensor, wherein said output signals are obtained from said angular-based data sampling section;

a sequential deterioration index computation section for calculating a sequential deterioration index which is proportional to a ratio of a value of said cross-correlation functions and a value of said auto-correlation functions;

a final deterioration index computation section for calculating an average value of a predetermined number of sequential deterioration indexes, and for calculating a value on the basis of the calculated average value as a final deterioration index;

a comparison section for comparing said final deterioration index with a predetermined reference deterioration index; and

a judgement section for judging deterioration of said catalyst on the basis of an output signal from said comparison section.

8. A malfunction diagnosis apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said angular-based data sampler samples data no more than one per engine revolution and only at the same engine revolution angle for each sampling event.

23. A malfunction diagnosis is apparatus as in claim 1, wherein said filter is a difference filter which subtracts a previously supplied output signal from the supplied output signal.

9. A process for diagnosing the deterioration of an automobile function, comprising:

sampling data of an output signal of a first fluctuation factor measurement section at a constant time interval, wherein a first sampled signal is defined;

sampling data of an output signal of a second fluctuation factor measurement section at a rate dependent upon engine speed, wherein a second sampled signal is defined; and

judging the deterioration of the fluctuation factor based on the sample data, wherein said judging comprises subtracting previous sampled data from the sampled data.

10. A process as in claim 9 wherein said sampling dependent upon engine speed comprises sampling upon the rotation of the crank shaft through a constant rotation angle.

11. A process as in claim 9 wherein said first and second fluctuation factor measurement sections comprise the same fluctuation factor measurement sections.

12. A process as in claim 9 wherein the fluctuation factor measurement section judges the deterioration of the fluctuation factor measurement section based on a correlation between first sampled signal and the second sampled signal.

13. A process as in claim 9 wherein said first fluctuation factor measurement section comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor arranged at the upstream side of an exhaust catalytic converter and said second fluctuation measurement section comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor arranged at the downstream side of the exhaust catalytic converter.

14. A process as in claim 9 wherein said judging comprises judging the deterioration of the fluctuation factor measurement section based on the correlation between sampled signal.

15. A process as in claim 9 wherein said sampling at a rate dependent on engine speed is made no more than once per engine revolution and only at the same engine revolution angle at each sampling event.

16. A device for diagnosing the deterioration of an automobile function, comprising:

means for sampling data of an output signal of a first fluctuation factor measurement section at a constant time interval, wherein a first sampled signal is defined;

means for supplying said first sampled signal to a difference filter which subtracts a previously supplied first sampled signal from said first sampled signal;

means for sampling data of an output signal of a second fluctuation factor measurement section at a rate dependent upon engine speed, wherein a second sampled signal is defined; and

means for judging the deterioration of the fluctuation factor based on the sampled data.

17. A device as in claim 16 wherein said means for sampling dependent upon engine speed comprises means for sampling upon the rotation of the crank shaft through a constant rotation angle.

18. A device as in claim 16 wherein said first and second fluctuation factor measurement sections comprise the same fluctuation factor measurement sections.

19. A device as in claim 16 wherein the fluctuation factor measurement section judges the deterioration of the fluctuation factor measurement section based on a correlation between first sampled signal and the second sampled signal.

20. A device as in claim 16 wherein said first fluctuation factor measurement section comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor arranged at the upstream side of an exhaust catalytic converter and said second fluctuation measurement section comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor arranged at the downstream side of the exhaust catalytic converter.

21. A device as in claim 16 wherein said means for judging comprises means for judging the deterioration of the fluctuation factor measurement section based on the correlation between sampled signal.

22. A device as in claim 16 wherein said means for sampling at a rate dependent on engine speed is made no more than once per engine revolution and only at the same engine revolution angle at each sampling event.