Apparatus and method for detection ultrasonic waves propagated from within a selected distance

• US 5,557,969 A
• Filed: 06/27/1995
• Issued: 09/24/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Energy and Environmental Technologies Corporation
• Original Assignee: Energy and Environmental Technologies Corporation
• Inventors: Jordan, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Hezron E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): FAYYAZ, NASHMIYA SAQIB
• Application Number:
  US08/495,099
• Time in Patent Office: 455 Days
• Field of Search: 73/40.5 A, 73/592, 73/597, 73/599, 73/600, 73/602, 73/646, 73/596
• US Class Current: 73/592
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 3/08 Analysing frequencies present in complex vibrations, e.g. comparing harmonics present acoustic presence detection G01V1/001
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/243 for pipes

Abstract

An ultrasonic leak detector which discriminates against leak signals originating from outside a desired detection zone. Incoming ultrasonic waves are divided into mutually exclusive low and high frequency signals, which signals are then processed to form an intensity ratio. The intensity ratio is compared to a pre-selected ratio corresponding to an ultrasonic source at the boundary of the detection. Ultrasonic leak signals originating from outside the desired detection zone are ignored. The presence of a leak within the detection zone is indicated by audio and/or visual devices.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic wave detection apparatus, comprising:

means for detecting ultrasonic waves and generating a first input signal responsive to said ultrasonic waves of a selected low frequency and for generating a second input signal responsive to said ultrasonic waves of a selected high frequency, wherein said selected low and high frequencies are mutually exclusive;

means for processing said first input signal to produce a first frequency signal and a first intensity signal indicative of the frequency and the intensity, respectively, of said first input signal and for processing said second input signal to produce a second frequency signal and a second intensity signal indicative of the frequency and the intensity, respectively, of the second input signal;

means for continuously comparing said first and second intensity signals and producing a third signal indicative of an intensity ratio of the first and second intensity signals;

means for variably selecting a distance from the detection apparatus wherein only ultrasonic waves propagated from a source located within said selected distance will be indicated by said apparatus;

means for generating a fourth signal indicative of an expected intensity ratio corresponding to low frequency and high frequency ultrasonic waves propagated from a source located at said selected distance from said apparatus;

means for continuously comparing said third signal and said fourth signal, and when a predetermined relationship exists between said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals and said expected ratio signal, producing a fifth signal representative of the intensity of at least one of said first and second intensity signals;

means for processing at least one of said first and second frequency signals and said fifth signal to produce an output signal; and

notification means responsive to said output signal for producing an output indicative of at least one of said first and second input signals propagated from a source located within said selected distance of said apparatus without interference.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said detection means comprises a low frequency detecting means for producing said first input signal and a high frequency detection means for producing said second input signal.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said processing means comprises a low frequency processing means to process said first input signal and a high frequency processing means to process said second input signal.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said notification means comprises at least one of a visual indicator and an audible indicator.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said fourth signal generating means comprises:

means for storing at least one said expected intensity ratio; and

means for accessing said at least one expected intensity ratio in response to the selection of said selected distance by said selecting means.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said storing means comprises a programmable read only memory (PROM) chip.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a recorder for recording said fifth signal.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said fifth signal is representative of an average of said first and second intensity signals.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said notification means produces an output indicative of an average of said first and second frequency signals and an average of said first and second intensity signals.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein when said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals is greater than or equal to said expected intensity ratio, said fifth signal is directly related to at least one of said first and second intensity signals.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein when said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals is less than the expected intensity ratio and greater than or equal to said expected intensity ratio less a selected percentage, said fifth signal'"'"'s amplitude is proportionally greater than at least one of said first and second intensity signals.

12. The apparatus in claim 11, wherein when said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals is less than the expected intensity ratio less a selected percentage, said fifth signal'"'"'s amplitude is zero and no output signal is produced.

13. An ultrasonic wave detection method comprising the steps of:

detecting ultrasonic waves and generating a first input signal produced responsive to said ultrasonic waves of a selected low frequency and generating a second input signal produced responsive to said ultrasonic waves of a selected higher frequency, wherein said selected low and high frequencies are mutually exclusive;

processing said first input signal to produce a first frequency signal and a first intensity signal indicative of the frequency and the intensity, respectively, of said first input signal and processing said second signal to produce a second input frequency signal and a second intensity signal indicative of the frequency and the intensity, respectively, of the second input signal;

continuously comparing said first and second intensity signals and producing a third signal indicative of an intensity ratio of the first and second intensity signals;

variably selecting a distance from a detection apparatus which detects said ultrasonic waves wherein only ultrasonic waves propagated from a source located within said selected distance from said apparatus will be indicated;

generating a fourth signal indicative of an expected intensity ratio corresponding to low frequency and high frequency ultrasonic waves propagated from a source located at said selected distance from a point of detection of the ultrasonic waves;

continuously comparing said third signal to said fourth signal and, when a predetermined relationship exists between said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals and said expected intensity ratio, producing a fifth signal representative of at least one of said first and second intensity signals;

processing said first and second frequency signals and said fifth signal to produce an output signal; and

producing an output responsive to said output signal indicative of at least one of said first and second input signals propagated from a source located within said selected distance.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein when said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals is greater than or equal to the expected intensity ratio, said fifth signal is directly related to at least one of said first and second intensity signals.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein when said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals is less than the expected intensity ratio and greater than or equal to said expected intensity ratio less a selected percentage, said fifth signal'"'"'s amplitude is proportionally greater than at least one of said first and second intensity signals.

16. The method in claim 15, wherein when said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals is less than the expected intensity ratio less a selected percentage, said fifth signal'"'"'s amplitude is zero and no output signal is produced.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein said fifth signal is representative of an average of said first and second intensity signals.

18. An ultrasonic wave detection apparatus comprising:

means for detecting ultrasonic waves and generating a first input signal responsive to said ultrasonic waves of a selected low frequency and for generating a second input signal responsive to said ultrasonic waves of a selected high frequency, wherein said selected low and high frequencies are mutually exclusive;

means for processing said first input signal to produce a first intensity signal indicative of the intensity of said first input signal and for processing said second input signal to produce a second intensity signal indicative of the intensity of the second input signal;

means for continuously comparing said first and second intensity signals and producing a third signal indicative of all intensity ratio of the first and second intensity signals;

means for variably selecting a distance from the detection apparatus within which sources of ultrasonic waves are to be indicated to the exclusion of sources beyond said distance;

means for generating a fourth signal indicative of an expected intensity ratio corresponding to low frequency and high frequency ultrasonic waves propagated from a source located at said selected distance from said apparatus;

means for continuously comparing said third signal and said fourth signal, and when a predetermined relationship exists between said intensity ratio of said first and second intensity signals and said expected intensity ratio, producing a fifth signal indicative of at least one of said first and second intensity signals; and

notification means responsive to said fifth signal for producing an output indicative of at least one of said first and second intensity signals propagated from a source located within said selected distance of said apparatus without interference.

19. A method of identifying ultrasonic waves originating within a variably selected predetermined distance, comprising the steps of:

sensing ultrasonic waves having a high frequency component and a low frequency component;

separately determining an intensity of the high frequency component and an intensity of the low frequency component;

generating a first ratio of the intensity of said high frequency component to the intensity of said low frequency component;

generating a second ratio indicative of the expected intensity ratio at said variably selected predetermined distance; and

comparing continuously said first and second ratios and producing an output signal indicative of the detection of ultrasonic waves within said variably selected predetermined distance when a predetermined relationship between said first and second ratios exists.