Reversible thermochromic composition

• US 5,558,700 A
• Filed: 12/23/1994
• Issued: 09/24/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/24/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The Pilot Ink Co. Ltd (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: The Pilot Ink Co. Ltd (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Sugai, Jun, Shibahashi, Yutaka
• Primary Examiner(s): Bell, Mark L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hertzog, Scott L.
• Application Number:
  US08/362,991
• Time in Patent Office: 641 Days
• Field of Search: 106/498, 106/311, 106/21 A, 106/23 B, 106/22 B, 252/408.1, 252/600, 252/962, 252/586, 252/301.16, 252/583
• US Class Current: 106/31.15
• CPC Class Codes: B41M 5/305 with reversible electron-donor electron-acceptor compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 9/02 Organic tenebrescent materials
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 252/962 Temperature or thermal history

Abstract

A reversible thermochromic composition develops fluorescent color of yellow, yellowish orange, orange, reddish orange, or red with a high color density and high color brightness, yet gives no residual color under non-color-developing conditions, and has remarkably improved light resistance. The reversible thermochromic composition, comprising a solubilized mixture of three components of (a) an electron-donating color-developing organic compound selected from pyridine types, quinazoline types, and bisquinazoline types of compound, (b) an electron-accepting compound for the electron-donating color-developing organic compound, and (c) a compound serving as a reaction medium for causing reversibly an electron exchange reaction between the components (a) and (b) within a specified temperature range.

Claims

1. A reversible thermochromic composition which develops fluorescent colors, comprising a solubilized mixture of three components of (a) an electron-donating color-developing organic compound selected from the group consisting of, quinazoline, and bisquinazoline compounds, (b) an electron-accepting compound for the electron-donating color-developing organic compound, and (c) a compound serving as a reaction medium for causing reversibly an electron exchange reaction between the components (a) and (b) within a specified temperature range.

4. The reversible thermochromic composition according to claim 1, wherein the component (b), an electron accepting compound, is selected from the group consisting of compounds having a phenolic hydroxy group and metallic salts thereof, and the components (c) is a compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols, esters, ketones, and ethers.

6. The thermochromic composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is enclosed in microcapsules.

9. The thermochromic composition according to claim 4, wherein the composition is enclosed in microcapsules.

11. The thermochromic composition according to claim 1, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

14. The thermochromic composition according to claim 4, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

16. The thermochromic composition according to claim 6, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

19. The thermochromic composition according to claim 9, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

2. A thermochromic composition which develops fluorescent colors, comprising a solubilized mixture of four components of (a) an electron-donating color-developing organic compound selected from the group consisting of pyridine, quinazoline, and bisquinazoline compounds, (b) an electron-accepting compound for the electron-donating color-developing organic compound, (c) a compound serving as a reaction medium for causing reversibly an electron exchange reaction between the components (a) and (b) within a specified temperature range, and (d) one or more light stabilizer selected from UV absorbers, antioxidants, singlet oxygen quenchers, superoxide anion quenchers, ozone quenchers, and infrared absorbers.

3. The reversible thermochromic composition according to claim 2, wherein the light stabilizer (d) is a combination of a UV absorber and one or more other stabilizers selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, singlet oxygen quenchers, superoxide anion quenchers, ozone quenchers, and infrared absorbers.

5. The reversible thermochromic composition according to claim 2, wherein the component (b), an electron accepting compound, is selected from the group consisting of compounds having a phenolic hydroxy group and metallic salts thereof, and the component (c) is a compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols, esters, ketones, and ethers.

7. The thermochromic composition according to claim 2, wherein the composition is enclosed in microcapsules.

8. The thermochromic composition according to claim 3, wherein the composition is enclosed in microcapsules.

10. The thermochromic composition according to claim 5, wherein the composition is enclosed in microcapsules.

12. The thermochromic composition according to claim 2, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

13. The thermochromic composition according to claim 3, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

15. The thermochromic composition according to claim 5, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

17. The thermochromic composition according to claim 7, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

18. The thermochromic composition according to claim 8, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.

20. The thermochromic composition according to claim 10, wherein the reversible thermochromic composition changes color with a hysteresis width of from 8°

C. to 30°

C. in color density-temperature curve.