Diagnostic system and method using an implanted reflective device

• US 5,560,356 A
• Filed: 12/09/1994
• Issued: 10/01/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 02/23/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Gholam A. Peyman
• Original Assignee: Vitrophage, Inc.
• Inventors: Peyman, Gholam A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S.
• Application Number:
  US08/352,562
• Time in Patent Office: 662 Days
• Field of Search: 128/632-634, 128/664, 128/665, 128/666, 128/653.1, 128/899
• US Class Current: 600/316
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1459 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1464 takes precedence

Abstract

A device and method for testing an animal for the existence of a biomedical disorder or condition, such as the presence or concentration of particular compositions or hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia, is disclosed comprising a radiant energy source [12] a reflective device [14] implanted within the body [16] of an animal test subject, and a receiver system [18] to receive the beam of reflected radiant energy for use in determining the existence of the biomedical disorder or condition.

Claims

1. A system for use in testing for the existence of a biomedical disorder or condition using radiant energy comprising:

a source of radiant energy for projecting radiation into and through the tissue of a portion of an animal test subject;

a reflective device configured and sized for implantation in the body of the animal test subject for reflecting said incident radiation out of the body; and

a receiver including a detector for detecting said reflected radiation and a processor in communication with said detector for calculating changes in said detected radiation relative to said incident radiation caused by the passage of said incident radiation through the body of the animal test subject to determine the existence of a biomedical condition or disorder.

2. The testing system of claim 1 wherein said reflective device is a mirror.

3. The testing system of claim 2 wherein said source of radiant energy projects a polarized beam of radiation.

4. The testing system of claim 3 wherein said mirror has a length and a width from about 20 microns to about 3 millimeters.

5. The testing system of claim 3 wherein said mirror has a length and width from about 20 microns to about 30 microns.

6. The testing system of claim 2 wherein said source of radiant energy projects a beam of near-infrared radiation.

7. The testing system of claim 6 wherein said mirror has a length and width of from about 100 micrometers to about 1 centimeter.

8. A system for use in measuring the glucose level of an animal comprising:

a source of polarized radiant energy for projecting a beam of incident polarized radiation into and through the tissue of a portion of the body of an animal test subject;

a reflective device configured and sized for implantation in the body of the animal for reflecting said incident polarized radiation out of the body; and

a receiver including a detector for detecting said reflected radiation and a processor in communication with said detector for calculating the index of refraction of said detected radiation relative to said incident radiation to determine the glucose level of the animal.

9. The glucose monitoring system of claim 8 wherein said polarized radiation source is positioned to project said beam of incident polarized radiation into the eye of the animal and said reflective device is configured and sized to be implanted in the eye of the animal and positioned to reflect said incident radiation out of the eye.

10. The glucose monitoring system of claim 8 wherein said polarized radiation source is positioned to project said beam of incident polarized radiation into the eye of the animal and said reflective device is configured and sized to be implanted in an area of the eye of the animal selected from the group consisting of the anterior chamber, the iris and the corneal stroma, and positioned to reflect said incident radiation out of the eye.

11. A system for use in measuring the glucose content of the aqueous humor of an eye comprising:

a polarizing crystal for projecting a beam of polarized radiation through the cornea and aqueous humor of an eye;

a mirror configured and sized for implantation in the anterior chamber of the eye for reflecting said polarized beam of radiation back through the aqueous humor and cornea of the eye; and

a receiver including a detector for detecting said reflected radiation and a processor in communication with said detector for calculating the optical rotation of said detected radiation relative to said incident radiation to determine the glucose level of the aqueous humor.

12. A system for use in measuring the presence and concentration of selected compounds in a body of an animal test subject using near-infrared radiant energy comprising:

a source of near-infrared energy for projecting incident radiation into and through the tissue of a portion of the body of an animal test subject;

a reflective device configured and sized for implantation in the body of the animal and for reflecting said incident radiation out of the body;

a receiver including a detector for detecting said reflected radiation and a processor in communication with said detector for calculating changes in said detected radiation relative to said incident radiation to determine the presence and concentration of selected compounds in the body.

13. A method for measuring the glucose level of an animal comprising:

providing a source of polarized radiation;

providing a reflective device implanted within the body of an animal test subject;

providing a receiver;

projecting a polarized beam of radiation into and through the tissue of a portion of the body of an animal test subject with said external source of polarized radiation;

reflecting said polarized beam of radiation off said implanted reflective device; and

receiving said reflected radiation with said receiver and calculating the optical rotation thereof to measure the glucose level of the animal test subject.

14. A method for measuring the glucose content of the aqueous humor of an eye comprising:

providing a source of polarized radiation;

providing a mirror implanted in the anterior chamber of an eye, said mirror having a length and width of from about 20 microns to about 3 millimeters;

providing a detector;

projecting a beam of polarized radiation with said external source of polarized radiation through the cornea and aqueous humor of an eye;

reflecting said polarized radiation off said implanted mirror; and

detecting said reflected radiation with said detector and calculating the optical rotation of said reflected radiation thereby measuring the glucose content of the aqueous humor.

15. A method for measuring the glucose content of the aqueous humor of an eye comprising:

providing a source of polarized radiation;

providing a mirror implanted in the iris of the eye;

providing a detector;

projecting a beam of polarized radiation with said external source of polarized radiation through the cornea and aqueous humor of an eye;

reflecting said polarized radiation off said implanted mirror; and

detecting said reflected radiation with said detector and calculating the optical rotation of said reflected radiation thereby measuring the glucose content of the aqueous humor.

16. A method for measuring the glucose content of the cornea of an eye comprising:

providing a source of polarized radiation;

providing a mirror implanted in the corneal stoma of the eye;

providing a detector;

projecting a beam of polarized radiation with said external source of polarized radiation through the cornea of an eye;

reflecting said polarized radiation off said implanted mirror; and

detecting said reflected radiation with said detector and calculating the optical rotation of said reflected radiation thereby measuring the glucose content of the cornea.

17. A method for detecting the existence of a biomedical condition or disorder comprising:

providing a source of radiant energy;

providing a reflective device implanted in the eye of an animal test subject;

providing a receiver;

projecting a beam of radiant energy with said external source of radiant energy into the eye of the animal test subject;

reflecting said beam of radiant energy off said implanted reflective device; and

receiving said reflected beam of radiant energy with said receiver and calculating changes in said detected radiation relative to said projected radiation caused by the passage of said projected radiation through the eye of the animal test subject to determine the existence of a biomedical condition or disorder.

18. A method for detecting the existence of a biomedical condition or disorder comprising:

providing a source of near-infrared radiant energy;

providing a reflective device implanted within the body of an animal test subject;

providing a receiver;

projecting a beam of near-infrared radiant energy with said external source of near-infrared radiant energy into and through the body of the animal test subject;

reflecting said beam of near-infrared radiant energy off said implanted reflective device; and

receiving said reflected beam of near-infrared radiant energy with said receiver and calculating changes in said detected radiation relative to said incident radiation to determine the existence of a biomedical condition or disorder.

19. A method for detecting the presence and concentration of selected compositions in the body of an animal test subject comprising:

providing a source of radiant energy;

providing a reflective device implanted in the body of an animal test subject;

providing a receiver;

projecting a beam of radiant energy with said external source of radiant energy into and through the body of the animal test subject;

reflecting said beam of radiant energy off said implanted reflective device; and

receiving said reflected beam of radiant energy with said receiver and calculating the change in said detected radiation relative to said incident radiation to determine the presence and concentration of selected compositions in the body of the animal test subject.