Computer power supply and battery recharging system

• US 5,561,361 A
• Filed: 05/18/1994
• Issued: 10/01/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 11/13/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Original Assignee: Zenith Data Systems Corp. (Acer, Inc.)
• Inventors: Turnbull, Robert R., Shah, Rajesh A., Sengupta, Upal, Fritz, Brian C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TSO, EDWARD H
• Application Number:
  US08/245,684
• Time in Patent Office: 867 Days
• Field of Search: 320/2, 320/14, 320/22, 320/30, 320/35, 320/36, 320/39, 320/15, 320/19
• US Class Current: 320/152
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/374 with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4257 Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00036 Charger exchanging data with battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00047 with provisions for charging different types of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 320/10 Nonbattery load controls charging

Abstract

A power supply system, for example, for use with a portable personal computer, includes a smart battery pack and a charging system. The smart battery pack is provided with a dedicated microcontroller for controlling the charging level of the battery charger system. In particular, the status of the battery including the voltage and temperature of the battery is applied to the microcontroller along with a signal representative of the current load demand of the computer system. The micro controller, in turn, provides a control signal in the form of fixed frequency, variable duty cycle pulse width modulated (PWM) signal for controlling the charging level of the battery charger system. The duty cycle of the PWM signal is used to regulate the charging current supplied by the battery charger. In particular, the DC value of the PWM signal is used as a reference to control the charging current of the regulator to provide a variable output charging current with a relatively wide current range. As such, the battery charger is adapted to efficiently utilize the residual capacity of the battery charger system for optimizing charging of the battery packs during all operating conditions of the computer system. Moreover, the use of a PWM signal from the battery pack to control the battery charger enables a single type of battery charger to be utilized for various battery technologies.

Claims

1. A power supply system for providing a source of electrical power to an electrical system, comprising:

a battery pack having predetermined characteristics adapted to operate at predetermined temperatures and adapted to be connected to said electrical system;

means for sensing the load demand of said electrical system; and

means for charging said battery pack, said charging means adapted to provide a variable charging current to said battery pack as a function of said load demand.

2. A power supply system as recited in claim 1, wherein said battery pack includes one or more battery cells and means for controlling said variable charging current applied to said battery cells as a predetermined function of said charging characteristics of said battery cells.

3. A power supply system as recited in claim 2, wherein said controlling means includes means for monitoring the temperature of said one or more battery cells.

4. A power supply system as recited in claim 3, wherein said temperature monitoring means includes a thermistor.

5. A power supply system as recited in claim 2, wherein said controlling means includes means for monitoring the battery current.

6. A power supply system as recited in claim 2, wherein said controlling means includes means for monitoring the battery voltage.

9. A power supply system as recited in claim 1, wherein said charging means is provided with a predetermined capacity and includes means for providing a signal representative of a predetermined portion of said capacity of said charging means.

7. A power supply system for providing a source of electrical power to an electrical system, comprising:

a battery pack having predetermined characteristics adapted to operate at predetermined temperatures and adapted to be connected to said electrical system, wherein said battery pack includes one or more battery cells;

means for sensing the load demand of said electrical system;

means for charging said battery pack, said charging means adapted to provide a variable charging current to said battery pack as a function of said load demand; and

means for controlling said variable charging current applied to said battery cells as a predetermined function of said charging characteristics of said battery cells, wherein said controlling means includes means for providing a variable control signal for regulating the charging current applied to said battery pack.

8. A power supply system as recited in claim 7, wherein said variable control signal providing means includes means for providing a variable duty cycle signal.