Magnetic tag using acoustic or magnetic interrogation

• US 5,565,847 A
• Filed: 11/23/1994
• Issued: 10/15/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 11/23/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Intermec IP Corporation (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Schrott, Alejandro G., Gambino, Richard J., von Gutfeld, Robert J.
• Primary Examiner(s): MULLEN, THOMAS J
• Application Number:
  US08/344,296
• Time in Patent Office: 692 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572, 340/825.31, 340/825.32, 340/825.33, 340/825.34, 340/551, 333/219.2, 333/227, 235/380, 235/381, 235/382, 235/382.5, 235/385
• US Class Current: 340/572.6
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2408 using ferromagnetic tags
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2417 having a radio frequency identification chip
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2437 Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2442 Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2462 Asset location systems combined with EAS inventory, tracking, logistic G06Q10/00; entrance control systems G07C9/00

Abstract

A tag structure suitable for attachment to an object and for being remotely sensed, includes at least one soft magnetic element mounted for being excited in an inhomogeneous magnetic field. The soft magnetic element includes first and second ends and is clamped at at least one of the first and second ends. Each soft magnetic element responds to the excitation to produce a unique, time-varying magnetic field corresponding to its resonant frequency, when excited. A system incorporating the tag includes an excitation device and a detector for detecting the mechanical vibrations of the soft magnetic element.

Claims

1. A magnetic tag for being remotely sensed, comprising:

at least one soft magnetic element mounted for being excited in an inhomogeneous magnetic field, said at least one soft magnetic element having first and second ends and being clamped at at least one of said first and second ends, wherein no part of said at least one soft magnetic element other than said at least one of said first and second ends is clamped,

each said at least one soft magnetic element responding to said excitation to produce a unique, time-varying magnetic field corresponding to its resonant frequency, when excited by an energy field which includes at least one distinct frequency corresponding to the resonant frequency of said magnetic element.

2. A magnetic tag as in claim 1 wherein said excitation is magnetic.

3. A magnetic tag as in claim 1 wherein said excitation is acoustic.

4. A magnetic tag as in claim 1, wherein said inhomogeneous magnetic field is provided by at least one element of a hard magnetic material in close proximity to said at least one soft magnetic element.

5. A magnetic tag as in claim 1 wherein said inhomogeneous magnetic field is provided by a magnetic field external to said tag.

6. A magnetic tag as in claim 1, wherein a plurality of soft magnetic elements for being excited in an inhomogeneous magnetic field are provided, and

wherein the presence or absence of a predefined resonant frequency associated with at least one soft magnetic element of said plurality of soft magnetic elements constitutes a code.

12. A magnetic tag as in claim 1 or 7 wherein said at least one soft magnetic element has first and second ends and wherein both of said first and second ends are clamped.

13. A magnetic tag as in claim 1 or 7 wherein said at least one element is formed of an amorphous material formed as a strip having predetermined fundamental and overtone frequencies which are determined by its length, width, thickness and boundary conditions,

wherein said excitation produces mechanical vibrations in said strip which cause a change in magnetization of said strip, said change being detected as a magnetic signal in a pickup coil.

7. A magnetic tag for being remotely sensed, comprising:

at least one soft magnetic element mounted for being acoustically excited in an inhomogeneous magnetic field,

each said at least one soft magnetic element vibrating at its respective resonant frequency to produce a unique, time-varying magnetic field corresponding to said resonant frequency, when excited by acoustic excitation,

said at least one soft magnetic element being mounted within a Helmholtz resonator.

8. A magnetic tag as in claim 7 wherein said inhomogeneous magnetic field is provided by at least one element of a hard magnetic material in close proximity to said at least one soft magnetic element.

9. A magnetic tag as in claim 7 wherein said inhomogeneous magnetic field is provided by a magnetic field external to said tag.

10. A tag as in claim 7 wherein said each of said at least one soft magnetic element has first and second ends and wherein one of said first or second ends of each of said at least one soft magnetic element is clamped thereby forming a cantilever.

11. A magnetic tag as in claim 7, wherein a plurality of soft magnetic elements tier being excited in an inhomogeneous magnetic field are provided, and

wherein the presence or absence of a predefined resonant frequency associated with at least one soft magnetic element of said plurality of soft magnetic elements constitutes a code.

14. A magnetic tag for being remotely sensed, comprising:

at least one soft magnetic element mounted for being excited in an inhomogeneous magnetic field,

each said at least one soft magnetic element responding to said excitation to produce a unique, time-varying magnetic field corresponding to its resonant frequency, when excited by said excitation,

wherein the tag is mounted in a Helmholtz resonator.

15. A system for identifying an object, comprising:

a magnetic tag for attachment to said object and for identification of said object upon being interrogated, said magnetic tag including at least one element of a soft magnetic material and having predetermined fundamental and overtone frequencies, said at least one element of soft magnetic material having first and second ends and being clamped at at least one of said first and second ends, wherein no part of said at least one element of soft magnetic material other than said at least one of said first and second ends is clamped;

means for exciting said magnetic tag thereby to excite said at least one element of soft magnetic material to cause said soft magnetic element to mechanically vibrate; and

means for detecting the mechanical vibrations of said soft magnetic element.

16. A system according to claim 15, further comprising means for receiving an output from said means for detecting, and for decoding said output, thereby to identify said object.

17. A system according to claim 15, wherein said excitation is magnetic and said means for detecting comprise either acoustic or magnetic detection means.

18. A system according to claim 15, wherein said excitation is acoustic and said means for detecting comprise acoustic means or means for detecting changes in magnetic flux caused by said mechanical vibrations.

19. A multibit magnetic tag for being remotely sensed, comprising:

a plurality of soft magnetic elements mounted for being excited in an inhomogeneous magnetic field, each soft magnetic element of said plurality of soft magnetic elements having first and second ends and being clamped at at least one of said first and second ends, wherein no part of said each soft magnetic element other than said at least one of said first and second ends is clamped,

each of said soft magnetic elements responding to said excitation to produce a unique, time-varying magnetic field corresponding to its resonant frequency, when excited by said excitation.

20. A multibit magnetic tag according to claim 19, wherein the tag is mounted in a Helmholtz resonator.