Non-aqueous secondary cell

• US 5,567,539 A
• Filed: 05/19/1995
• Issued: 10/22/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Furukawa Battery Company Limited (Furukawa Electric Company Limited), Novartis Finance Corporation (Novartis Ag)
• Original Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co Limited (Fujifilm Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: Takahashi, Osamu, Tanaka, Mitsutoshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Kalafut, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): LILLEY, RICHARD
• Application Number:
  US08/445,416
• Time in Patent Office: 522 Days
• Field of Search: 429/53, 429/54, 429/56, 429/57, 429/59, 429/60, 429/61, 429/218
• US Class Current: 429/57
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2061/0115 Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 37/323 making use of shape memory materials in thermal relays H01H61/0107; release mechanism H01H71/145; treatment of SMF alloys C22F1/006; for control of temperature G05D23/024
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/62 Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/3425 in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/574 Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/578 in response to pressure
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/581 in response to temperature
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell is herein disclosed, in which a group of electrodes comprising positive and negative electrodes allowing absorption and release of a light metal and separators are accommodated in a closed-end cell-armoring can together with a non-aqueous electrolyte and an opening of the armoring can is closed by an insulating gasket positioned around the inner periphery of the opening of the can and a closing lid fitted in and supported by the gasket and simultaneously serving as a positive or negative terminal, wherein the closing lid comprises an explosion-proof valve capable of deforming towards the direction opposite to the group of electrodes in response to an increase in the internal pressure of the cell, a terminal cap provided with vent holes and arranged at the side of the explosion-proof valve opposed to the group of electrodes and a non-reverse type switch which is positioned between the explosion-proof valve and the terminal cap and serves to shut-off the electrical connection between the terminal cap and the positive or negative electrode when the temperature of the cell is raised or the pressure in the cell is increased. The foregoing cell construction permits shutting off of the electrical connections within the cell when the temperature and/or internal pressure thereof increase.

Claims

1. An enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell in which a group of electrodes comprising positive and negative electrodes allowing absorption and release of a light metal and separators are accommodated in a closed-end cell-armoring can together with a non-aqueous electrolyte and an opening of the armoring can is closed by an insulating gasket positioned around the inner periphery of the opening of the can and a closing lid fitted in and supported by the gasket and simultaneously serving as a positive or negative terminal, wherein:

the closing lid comprises an explosion-proof valve capable of deforming towards the direction opposite to the group of electrodes in response to an increase in the internal pressure of the cell, a terminal cap provided with vent holes and arranged at the side of the explosion-proof valve opposed to the group of electrodes and a switch which is not reversible and which is positioned between the explosion-proof valve and the terminal cap and serves to shut-off the electrical connection between the terminal cap and the positive or negative electrode when the temperature of the cell is raised or the internal pressure of the cell is increased.

2. The enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein the switch comprises a conductor consisting essentially of a shape memory alloy.

3. The enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein said switch which is not reversible is one with a contact electrical connection system in which the connected portion is separated in its operating condition.

4. The enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein said switch Which is not reversible is one with a welded electrical connection system in which the welded portion is broken or peeled off in its operating condition.

5. The enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein said switch which is not reversible is a caulking switch in which electrical connection is made by a caulked portion.

6. The enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein said switch which is not reversible is one comprising a plate, rod or linear electrically connected portion in which the electrically connected portion is cut.

7. The enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein said switch which is not reversible is a pressure-contact switch which makes use of a plate spring or a spiral spring.

8. The enclosed non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein said switch which is not reversible is a welded switch in which a part of a plate spring is connected to the explosion-proof valve through welding.

9. The non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 1 wherein the positive electrode'"'"'s active material incorporates sodium and/or potassium and/or rubidium and/or magnesium and/or calcium and/or barium salts of carbonic acid.

10. The non-aqueous secondary cell of claim 9 wherein the positive electrode'"'"'s active material incorporates sodium and/or potassium and/or rubidium salts of carbonic acid in an amount of not less than 0.1% by weight and not more than 5% by weight on the basis of the weight of the active material and/or the positive electrode active material is used in combination with magnesium and/or calcium and/or barium salts of carbonic acid in an amount of not less than 0.5% by weight and not more than 25% by weight on the basis of the weight of the active material.