Three sensor rotational position and displacement detection apparatus with common mode noise rejection

• US 5,568,048 A
• Filed: 12/14/1994
• Issued: 10/22/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/14/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (General Motors Company), Steering Solutions IP Holding Corporation (Nexteer Automotive Group Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: General Motors Corporation (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Pawlak, Andrzej M., Schroeder, Thaddeus
• Primary Examiner(s): Strecker, Gerard R.
• Application Number:
  US08/355,748
• Time in Patent Office: 678 Days
• Field of Search: 324/106, 324/163, 324/165, 324/166, 324/173, 324/174, 324/207.12, 324/207.2, 324/207.21, 324/207.22, 324/207.25, 324/251, 324/252, 364/424.05, 341/15
• US Class Current: 324/207.21
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 5/145 influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields see G01R33/06
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 5/2457 Incremental encoders having reference marks
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/09 Magnetoresistive devices

Abstract

Position of a rotatable automotive part is sensed with a trio of magnetic field intensity sensors disposed adjacent a ring that rotates with the automotive part, the ring comprising alternating permanent magnet sections with at least one localized magnetic field depression corresponding to a synchronization position of the part wherein the sensors are spaced along the direction of ring rotation so that the relative phase between the output signals of a first pair of the sensors as indicated by the relative output signal magnitude indicates incremental displacement of the part, and so that a significant difference in magnitude between the output signal of a second pair of the sensors indicates the synchronization position.

Claims

1. A sensing apparatus for sensing absolute angular position and angular displacement of a rotating automotive part, comprising:

a multipole magnetic ring mechanically linked to the automotive part so as to rotate in proportion to automotive part rotation, the multipole magnetic ring including a set of adjacent permanent magnet sections of alternating magnetic polarity having a substantially common pole pitch, wherein a portion of a predetermined permanent magnet section of the multipole magnetic ring is characterized by a significant variation in magnetic field intensity;

a pair of matched sensors for outputting signals indicating magnetic field intensity, the pair positioned adjacent the multipole magnetic ring and spaced along the direction of rotation of the multipole magnetic ring by a spacing that is a predetermined function of the substantially common pole pitch;

a third matched sensor for outputting a signal indicating magnetic field intensity, the third sensor positioned adjacent the multipole magnetic ring and spaced from a predetermined one of the pair of matched sensors along the direction of rotation of the multipole magnetic ring by a third sensor spacing that is a predetermined function of the substantially common pole pitch, the third sensor spacing providing that the magnetic field intensity at the third sensor will be significantly different than the magnetic field intensity at the predetermined one of the pair when the predetermined permanent magnetic section passes by the third matched sensor and when the predetermined permanent section passes by the predetermined one of the pair;

circuitry for detecting a significant deviation between the output signal of the third matched sensor and the output signal of the predetermined one of the pair of matched sensors and sensing an absolute angular position of the automotive part when the significant deviation is detected;

comparator circuitry for detecting a predetermined change in the relative magnitude of the output signals of the pair of matched sensors and for providing a comparator output signal indicating the detected predetermined change; and

circuitry electrically connected and responsive to the comparator output signal for detecting a displacement of the automotive part when the predetermined change in the relative magnitude is detected.

2. The sensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pair of matched sensors and the third matched sensor are magnetoresistors.

3. The sensing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising sensor drive circuitry for applying a matched sensor drive signal to the pair of matched sensors and to the third matched sensor.

4. The sensing apparatus of claim 3, wherein the sensor drive circuitry comprises a single drive circuit for driving the pair of matched sensors and the third matched sensor.

5. The sensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined function is approximately

6. The sensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third sensor spacing is approximately

7. The sensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotating automotive part is an automotive steering wheel shaft that rotates with an automotive vehicle steering wheel.

8. An apparatus for detecting rotational position of a rotatable automotive part by sensing an absolute position of the part and displacement of the part away from the absolute position, comprising:

a multipole magnetic ring mechanically associated with the automotive part to rotate with the automotive part, and having a set of adjacent permanent magnet sections of alternating magnetic polarity and of a substantially uniform pole pitch;

a predetermined one of the set of permanent magnet sections having a magnetic notch characterized by a significant localized variation in magnetic field intensity;

a trio of sensors having substantially matching electrical characteristics for outputting signals indicating magnetic field intensity, the trio disposed adjacent the multipole magnetic ring, wherein a spacing between a first predetermined pair of the trio along the direction of rotation of the ring is a predetermined function of the substantially uniform pole pitch and a spacing between a second predetermined pair of the trio along the direction of rotation of the ring is established so that magnetic field intensity is significantly different at each of the second predetermined pair when the magnetic notch passes by either of the second predetermined pair;

a comparator for receiving output signals from the first predetermined pair and for outputting a displacement signal indicating the relative magnitude of the received output signals;

a comparator for receiving output signals from the second predetermined pair and for outputting an absolute position signal indicating the relative magnitude of the output signals received thereby; and

control hardware for receiving the displacement and absolute position signals and for interpreting the displacement and absolute position signals to indicate displacement of and absolute position of the automotive part.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the control hardware detects a predetermined initialization position of the automotive part when a predetermined state change occurs in the absolute position signal.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the control hardware detects a predetermined angular displacement of the automotive part upon detecting a predetermined state change in the displacement signal.

11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the control hardware detects a predetermined initialization position when a predetermined state change occurs in the absolute position signal, and detects a predetermined angular displacement away from the initialization position when a predetermined state change occurs in the displacement signal.

12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the spacing between the first predetermined pair of the trio is

13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the spacing between the second predetermined pair of the trio is

14. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the trio of sensors are magnetoresistors.

15. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising a drive circuit for driving the trio of sensors with a common drive signal.