Method and apparatus for editing abdominal CT angiographic images for blood vessel visualization

• US 5,570,404 A
• Filed: 09/30/1994
• Issued: 10/29/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Siemens Corp. (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens Corporate Research Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Ezrielev, Jay, Fisler, Richard, Liang, Cheng-Chung, Singh, Ajit, Chiu, Ming-Yee, Hentschel, Dietmar
• Primary Examiner(s): Porta, David P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bruce, David Vernon
• Application Number:
  US08/315,524
• Time in Patent Office: 760 Days
• Field of Search: 378/8, 378/98.12, 378/210, 378/901, 250/363.04, 364/413.19, 364/413.23
• US Class Current: 378/8
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/504 for diagnosis of blood vessels, e.g. by angiography
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10081 Computed x-ray tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30101 Blood vessel; Artery; Vein; Vascular
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0012 Biomedical image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/11 Region-based segmentation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 378/901 Computer tomography program or processor

Abstract

A method for automatically editing a plurality of CT image slices to provide a three dimensional view of a selected object located within a patient'"'"'s body comprises providing at least one slab of CT image slices produced by CT scanning system and computing a top MIP image of the slab. An undesirable object is automatically removed from the top MIP image by first detecting all the pixels having illuminating intensity values which represent the undesirable object. Then all the pixels of the object to be removed are set to a substantially zero illuminating intensity value in order to remove the object from the top MIP image of the slab. After the undesirable object is removed from the top MIP image, the edits made thereto are applied to each CT image slice in the slab. The present invention also includes apparatus for performing a 3D reconstruction of CT angiographic images to visualize a selected object located within a patient'"'"'s body. The apparatus comprises an x-ray tube for projecting energy into a layer of interest in the patient'"'"'s body and a detector for detecting changes in the projected energy as it exits the layer of interest. The changes detected in the projected energy are indicative of various objects including the selected object that are located within the layer of interest of the patient'"'"'s body. Moreover, the x-ray tube and detector operate in conjunction to provide at least one slab of CT image slices.

Claims

1. A method for automatically editing a plurality of computed tomograms to provide a three dimensional view of a selected object located within a patient'"'"'s body, each of said computed tomograms comprising an array of pixels having various illuminating intensities which depict various objects scanned by a computed tomogram scanning system within a layer of a patient'"'"'s body, said method comprising the steps of:

providing at least one slab of computed tomographic image slices produced by said computed tomogram scanning system, said image slices including an undesirable object;

computing a top maximum intensity projection of said slab;

automatically removing said undesirable object from said top maximum intensity projection of said slab in order to define modifications to be applied to said image slices of said at least one slab; and

applying said modifications to each computed tomographic image slice in said at least one slab in order to remove said undesirable object from said image slices.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of automatically removing said undesirable object further comprises the steps of:

selecting a given threshold illuminating intensity value whereby pixels representing said undesirable object to be removed is set to substantially zero if the illuminating intensity value of said pixels are below said threshold illuminating intensity value;

selecting a pixel having the highest illuminating intensity value; and

performing a flood filling algorithm to seize a region having pixels with an illuminating intensity of substantially zero defining said region'"'"'s boundary, said region representing said undesirable object to be removed.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said selected object to be viewed comprises blood vessels, organs and non-bone tissue and said undesirable object to be removed comprises bone tissue.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said bone tissue comprises a main vertebral region which includes a vertebral canal defined by a vertebral body, laminae and a spinous process.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein said at least one slab of computed tomogram images are zoom-in view images and said bone tissue consists essentially of a main vertebral region which includes a vertebral canal defined by a vertebral body, laminae and a spinous process.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein said at least one slab of computed tomogram images are full view images and said bone tissue comprises a main vertebral region and ribs, said main vertebral region including a vertebral canal defined by a vertebral body, laminae and a spinous process.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein said step of automatically removing said undesirable object further comprises the steps of:

detecting said vertebral body;

classifying regions located adjacent to said vertebral body into regions comprising bone tissue of said vertebral body and regions comprising said blood vessels, said organs and said non-bone tissue; and

merging said adjacently located regions which are classified as said bone tissue of said vertebral body into said vertebral body.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said step of automatically removing said undesirable object further comprises the step of:

utilizing said vertebral canal as a boundary line for separating said main vertebral region into an upper portion which includes said vertebral body and a lower region which includes said laminae and said spinous process; and

removing residual bone tissue from said upper and lower regions of said main vertebral region by setting the illuminating intensity value of pixels in said upper and lower regions to substantially zero.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said step of removing residual bone tissue from said upper portion of said main vertebral region comprises the step of:

applying a fan-out mask which extends from below said boundary line, wherein the illuminating intensity value of pixels located within a region defined by said fan-out mask are set to substantially zero.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein said step of removing residual bone tissue from said lower portion of said main vertebral region comprises the step of:

applying a pseudo vertebral mask which extends from above said boundary line, wherein the illuminating intensity value of pixels located within a region defined by said pseudo vertebral mask are set to substantially zero.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of providing at least one slab of computed tomographic image slices produced by said computed tomogram scanning system further comprises the steps of:

projecting energy into said layer of said patient'"'"'s body;

detecting changes in said energy which are indicative of said various objects including said selected object located within said patient'"'"'s body; and

calculating said at least one slab of computed tomographic images from said changes in said energy.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of computing a top maximum intensity projection of said slab comprises the step of:

applying a maximum intensity projection algorithm to said at least one slab of computed tomographic image slices to produce said top maximum intensity projection of said at least one slab.

13. Apparatus for performing a 3D reconstruction of a plurality of computed tomographic angiographic images slices to visualize a selected object located within a patient'"'"'s body, each of said computed tomographic image slices comprising an array of pixels having various illuminating intensities which depict various objects scanned by a computed tomogram scanning system within a layer of a patient'"'"'s body, said apparatus comprising:

projecting means for projecting energy into said layer of said patient'"'"'s body;

detecting means for detecting changes in said energy which are indicative of said various objects including said selected objected located within said patient'"'"'s body, whereby said projecting means and detecting means operate to provide at least one slab of computed tomographic image slices; and

automatic editing means for removing an undesirable one of said various objects from a top maximum intensity projection of a slab of said computed tomographic images slices to define modifications to be applied to said image slices of said at least one slab and applying said modifications to each of said image slices in said at least one slab in order to freely visualize the selected object.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said projecting means comprises an x-ray tube and said energy comprises an x-ray beam.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said detecting means comprises an x-ray beam detector which records the attenuation of said x-ray beam as said beam passes through said various objects of said body layer.

16. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said automatic editing means comprises a computer program.

17. The apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising coding means coupled to said detecting means for coding said changes in said energy detected by said detecting means and converting said changes into data which can be processed into said at least one slab of image slices.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, further comprising computer means coupled to said coding means for processing said data into said at least one slab of image slices.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising monitor means coupled to said computer means for displaying said process data as said at least one slab of image slices.

20. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said selected object comprises blood vessels, organs and non-bone tissue.