Stereotactic device

• US 5,575,798 A
• Filed: 08/22/1995
• Issued: 11/19/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Panos G. Koutrouvelis
• Original Assignee: Panos G. Koutrouvelis
• Inventors: Koutrouvelis, Panos G.
• Primary Examiner(s): DAWSON, GLENN K
• Application Number:
  US08/517,655
• Time in Patent Office: 455 Days
• Field of Search: 606/1, 606/130, 604/116
• US Class Current: 606/130
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3403 Needle locating or guiding means guides for suture needles A61B17/0482; guiding or tracking by nuclear magnetic resonance G01R33/285
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3407 including a base for support on the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/068 with a bubble level
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/11 with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints

Abstract

A stereotactic device of simplified structure, adaptable to align and precisely orient a variety of medical devices, such as differently sized needles, cannulas, and guide wires, into the human body for procedures, such as tumor biopsies, percutaneous discectomies, cyst aspirations, and tumor localizations, is described. The use in a stereotactic device is adapted for use in combination with a stereotactic bridge which includes a span rotatable on its horizontal axis and movably affixed to a C.T. scan table or an X-ray table by a positioning mechanism that provides for both vertical and horizontal movement of the span. The stereotactic device interacts with a C.T. scanner to achieve accurate placement of the selected medical device. Use of the stereotactic bridge allows alignment of the medical device in sagittal orientation with a high degree of accuracy.

Claims

1. A stereotactic device for accurate placement of a medical instrument in a body, comprising:

at least one vertical stanchion;

a support member attached to said stanchion, said support member being vertically movable along a portion of said stanchion;

a straight, horizontal bridge member attached to said support member perpendicular to said stanchion, said bridge member defining a longitudinal axis which passes through said support member;

a locking device for selectively securing said support member at a desired location along said stanchion; and

a guidance device mounted on said bridge member, said guidance device being selectively movable relative to said stanchion along the longitudinal axis of said bridge member, said guidance device further being selectively rotatable about an axis of rotation parallel to said longitudinal axis;

wherein said guidance device comprises a carrier adapted to carry the medical instrument for insertion in the body, said carrier being selectively movable along an arc defined by said guidance device to define a range of sagittal angles, said arc having a curvature such that the focus of said arc lies on said axis of rotation of said guidance device.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the portion of said stanchion along which said support member is movable comprises two parallel rods.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein said guidance device is movable relative to said bridge member along the longitudinal axis thereof.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein said guidance device is movable relative to said bridge member along the longitudinal axis thereof.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein said stanchion is fixed relative to a CT scan table.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein said stanchion is selectively movable relative to a CT scan table.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein said guidance device defines a radial slot corresponding to said arc, and wherein a radial portion of said carrier cooperates with said radial slot.

8. The device of claim 7, further comprising a locking device which selectively locks said radial portion of said carrier at a selected position within said radial slot.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein said carrier defines an elongated opening for carrying the medical instrument.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein said carrier defines a pair of aligned openings for carrying the medical instrument.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein said carrier defines a plurality of pairs of aligned openings for carrying the medical instrument.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein each said pair of aligned openings has a different diameter.

13. The device of claim 1, further comprising a leveling device mounted on said bridge member.

14. A stereotactic device for accurate placement of a medical instrument in a body, comprising:

at least one vertical stanchion;

a support member attached to said stanchion, said support member being vertically movable along a portion of said stanchion;

a straight, horizontal bridge member attached to said support member perpendicular to said stanchion, said bridge member defining a longitudinal axis which passes through said support member;

a locking device for selectively securing said support member at a desired location along said stanchion; and

guide means mounted on said bridge member for guiding a medical instrument into the body, said guide means being selectively movable relative to said stanchion along the longitudinal axis of said bridge member, said guide means further being selectively rotatable about an axis of rotation parallel to said longitudinal axis;

wherein said guide means comprises carrier means for carrying the medical instrument for insertion in the body, said carrier means being selectively movable along an arc defined by said guide means to define a range of sagittal angles, said arc having a curvature such that the focus of said arc lies on said axis of rotation of said guide means.

15. The device of claim 14, wherein the portion of said stanchion along which said support member is movable comprises two parallel rods.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein said guide means is movable relative to said bridge member along the longitudinal axis thereof.

17. The device of claim 14, wherein said guide means is movable relative to said bridge member along the longitudinal axis thereof.

18. The device of claim 14, wherein said guide means defines a radial slot corresponding to said arc, and wherein a radial portion of said carrier means cooperates with said radial slot.

19. The device of claim 18, further comprising locking means for selectively locking said radial portion of said carrier means at a desired position within said radial slot.