Implantable atrial defibrillator and system having multiple channel electrogram telemetry and method

• US 5,578,063 A
• Filed: 10/19/1995
• Issued: 11/26/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 10/19/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: InControl, Inc. (Daikin Industries Ltd)
• Inventors: Bocek, Joseph M., Siegman, Craig S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Manuel, George
• Assistant Examiner(s): LAYNO, CARL HERNANDZ
• Application Number:
  US08/545,397
• Time in Patent Office: 404 Days
• Field of Search: 607/5, 607/4, 607/7
• US Class Current: 607/5
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37247 User interfaces, e.g. input or presentation means
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37252 Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3925 Monitoring; Protecting
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/395 for treating atrial fibrillation

Abstract

A defibrillator system includes an implantable defibrillator and a non-implantable external receiver. The implantable defibrillator includes a first sense channel for generating a first electrogram and a second sense channel for generating a second electrogram. The defibrillator further includes a cardioverter for applying cardioverting electrical energy to the heart and a transmitter for transmitting the first and second electrograms. The non-implantable receiver includes a display for simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms. The implantable defibrillator may further include an event detector having a threshold for detecting cardiac events in one of the electrograms and an event marker generator for generating an event marker for each detected cardiac event. The transmitter transmits the event detection markers and the display displays the event detection markers and the thresholds with the corresponding electrogram.

Claims

1. An implantable defibrillator for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said defibrillator comprising:

first sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating first electrogram data representing a first electrogram;

second sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating second electrogram data representing a second electrogram;

cardioverting means responsive to at least one of the first and second sensing means for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart;

formatting means for formatting the first and second electrogram data for combined transmission; and

transmitting means for transmitting the formatted first and second electrogram data to a nonimplantable external receiver for simultaneous display of the first and second electrograms.

2. A defibrillator as defined in claim 1 further including third sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating a third electrogram, and the transmitting means for transmitting the third electrogram with the first and second electrograms to a nonimplantable external receiver.

3. A defibrillator as defined in claim 1 further including a memory for temporarily storing the first and second electrograms and means for conveying the first and second electrograms from the memory to the transmitting means.

4. An implantable defibrillator for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said defibrillator comprising:

first sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating a first electrogram;

second sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating a second electrogram;

cardioverting means responsive to at least one of the first and second sensing means for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart;

a first event detector for detecting cardiac events in the first electrogram;

a second event detector for detecting cardiac events in the second electrogram;

detection marker generating means for generating first and second cardiac event detection markers when the first and second event detectors respectively detect said cardiac events in the first and second electrograms; and

transmitting means for transmitting the first and second electrograms and at least one of the first and second cardiac event detection markers with a corresponding one of the first and second electrograms to a nonimplantable external receiver.

5. A defibrillator as defined in claim 4 further including electrogram analyzing means for determining if corresponding cardiac cycles of the first and second electrograms satisfy a synchronization criteria and synchronizing means for providing a synchronization marker whenever corresponding cardiac cycles of the first and second electrograms satisfy the synchronization criteria, the transmitting means for transmitting the synchronization markers with the electrograms and the cardiac event detection markers.

6. A defibrillator system for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said system comprising:

an implantable defibrillator including

first sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating first electrogram data representing a first electrogram,

second sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating second electrogram data representing a second electrogram,

cardioverting means responsive to at least one of the first and second sensing means for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart,

first formatting means for formatting the first and second electrogram data for combined transmission, and

transmitting means for transmitting the formatted first and second electrogram data; and

nonimplantable receiving means for receiving the formatted first and second electrogram data and including second formatting means for reformatting the received formatted first and second electrogram data and display means responsive to the reformatted first and second electrogram data for simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms in time aligned relation.

7. A system as defined in claim 6 wherein said defibrillator further includes a memory for temporarily storing the first and second electrograms and means for conveying the first and second electrograms from the memory to the transmitting means.

8. A system as defined in claim 6 wherein said defibrillator further includes third sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating a third electrogram, and the transmitting means for transmitting the third electrogram with the first and second electrograms, and the display means of the nonimplantable receiving means simultaneously displaying the third electrogram with the first and second electrograms.

9. A defibrillator system for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said system comprising:

an implantable defibrillator including

first sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating a first electrogram,

second sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating a second electrogram,

cardioverting means responsive to at least one of the first and second sensing means for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart,

a first event detector for detecting cardiac events in the first electrogram,

a second event detector for detecting cardiac events in the second electrogram,

detection marker generating means for generating first and second cardiac event detection markers when the first and second event detectors respectively detect said cardiac events in the first and second electrograms, and

transmitting means for transmitting the first and second electrograms and at least one of the first and second cardiac event detection markers with a corresponding one of the first and second electrograms; and

nonimplantable receiving means for receiving the first and second electrograms and including display means for simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms and the at least one of the first and second cardiac event detection markers with the corresponding one of the first and second electrograms display means simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms.

10. A system as defined in claim 9 wherein the first and second event detectors include means for establishing first and second detection thresholds respectively, and the display means for displaying at least one of the first and second detection thresholds simultaneously with the corresponding one of the first and second electrograms and first and second cardiac event detection markers.

11. A system as defined in claim 10 wherein said transmitting means includes means for transmitting data indicative of the first and second detection thresholds and wherein the display means includes means for displaying the at least one of the first and second detection thresholds responsive to said data.

12. A system as defined in claim 9 wherein the defibrillator further includes electrogram analyzing means for determining if corresponding cardiac cycles of the first and second electrograms satisfy a synchronization criteria and synchronizing means for providing a synchronization marker whenever corresponding cardiac cycles of the first and second electrograms satisfy the synchronization criteria, the transmitting means for transmitting the synchronization markers with the first and second electrograms, and the display means for displaying the synchronization markers simultaneously with the first and second electrograms and the at least one of the first and second cardiac event detection markers.

13. A defibrillator system for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said system comprising:

an implantable defibrillator including

sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating an electrogram;

an event detector having a threshold for detecting cardiac events in the electrogram,

an event marker generator for generating event detection markers responsive to detection of said cardiac events,

cardioverting means responsive to cardiac event detection for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart, and

transmitting means for transmitting the electrogram and the event detection markers;

nonimplantable receiving means for receiving the electrogram and the event detection markers; and

display means for simultaneously displaying the electrogram, the threshold, and the event detection markers.

14. A system as defined in claim 13 wherein said defibrillator further includes a memory for temporarily storing the electrogram and the event detection markers and means for conveying the electrogram and event detection markers from the memory to the transmitting means.

15. A system as defined in claim 13 wherein said transmitting means includes means for transmitting data indicative of the threshold and wherein the display means includes means for displaying the threshold responsive to said data.

16. In an implantable defibrillator, a method of reporting the condition of a heart, said method including the steps of:

sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating first and second electrogram data representing first and second electrograms respectively;

formatting the first and second electrogram data for combined transmission;

transmitting the formatted first and second electrogram data to an external nonimplantable receiver;

receiving the first and second formatted electrogram data;

reformatting the received formatted electrogram data for simultaneous display; and

simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms.

17. A method as defined in claim 16 including the further steps of generating third electrogram data representing a third electrogram, formatting the third electrogram data with the first and second electrogram data for combined transmission, transmitting the third electrogram data with the first and second electrogram data, receiving the formatted first, second, and third electrogram data, reformatting the formatted first, second and third electrogram data for simultaneous display, and displaying the third electrogram simultaneously with the first and second electrograms.

18. In an implantable defibrillator, a method of reporting the condition of a heart, said method including the steps of:

sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating first and second electrograms;

detecting cardiac events in the first electrogram;

detecting cardiac events in the second electrogram;

generating first and second cardiac event detection markers upon detecting said cardiac events in the first and second electrograms;

transmitting the first and second electrograms and at least one of first and second cardiac event detection marks with a corresponding one of the first and second electrograms to an external nonimplantable receiver;

receiving the first and second electrograms and the at least one of the first and second cardiac event detection markers; and

displaying the at least one of the first and second cardiac event detection markers simultaneously with the corresponding one of the first and second electrograms.

19. A method as defined in claim 18 including the further steps of establishing first and second detection thresholds for the detection of the cardiac events in the first and second electrograms respectively, and displaying at least one of the first and second detection thresholds simultaneously with the corresponding one of the first and second electrograms and first and second cardiac event detection markers.

20. A method as defined in claim 19 including the further steps of transmitting data from the defibrillator indicative of the first and second detection thresholds and wherein the displaying step includes displaying the at least one of the first and second detection thresholds in accordance with said data.

21. A method as defined in claim 18 including the further steps of analyzing corresponding cardiac cycles of the first and second electrograms to determine if they satisfy a synchronization criteria, providing a synchronization marker whenever corresponding cardiac cycles of the first and second electrograms satisfy the synchronization criteria, transmitting the synchronization markers with the first and second electrograms, and displaying the synchronization markers simultaneously with the first and second electrograms and the at least one of the first and second cardiac event detection markers.

22. A method of verifying detection capability of an implantable defibrillator, the method including the steps of:

with the implantable defibrillator;

sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating an electrogram,

establishing a threshold and with the threshold, detecting cardiac events in the electrogram,

generating an event detection marker with each detection of a cardiac event, and transmitting the electrogram and the event detection markers to a nonimplantable external receiver, and

with a nonimplantable receiver;

receiving the electrogram and the event detection markers, and

simultaneously displaying the electrogram, the threshold, and the event detection markers.

23. A method as defined in claim 22 including the further steps of transmitting from the implantable defibrillator data indicative of the threshold and wherein the displaying step includes displaying the threshold in accordance with the transmitted data.

24. An implantable defibriltator for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said defibrillator comprising:

first sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating first electrogram data representing a first electrogram;

second sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating second electrogram data representing a second electrogram;

cardioverting means responsive to at least one of the first and second sensing means for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart; and

transmitting means for transmitting the first electrogram data with the second electrogram data to a nonimplantable external receiver for simultaneous display of the first and second electrogram.

25. A defibrillator system for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said system comprising:

an implantable defibrillator including

first sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating first electrogram data representing a first electrogram,

second sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating second electrogram data representing a second electrogram,

cardioverting means responsive to at least one of the first and second sensing means for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart, and

transmitting means for transmitting the first electrogram data with the second electrogram data; and

nonimplantable receiving means for receiving the first and second electrogram data and including display means responsive to the received first and second electrogram data for simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms.

26. A defibrillator system for applying cardioverting electrical energy to a human heart, said system comprising:

an implantable defibrillator including

first sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating first electrogram data representing a first electrogram,

second sensing means for sensing electrical activity of the heart and generating second electrogram data representing a second electrogram,

cardioverting means responsive to at least one of the first and second sensing means for applying the cardioverting electrical energy to the heart, and

transmitting means for transmitting the first electrogram data with the second electrogram data as said first and second sensing means generate the first and second electrogram data respectively; and

nonimplantable receiving means for receiving the first and second electrogram data and including display means responsive to the first and second electrogram data for simultaneously displaying the first and second electrograms as said first and second sensing means generate the first and second electrogram data to provide a continuous running simultaneous display of said first and second electrograms.