Method for cooling a component and appliance for carrying out the method

• US 5,581,994 A
• Filed: 08/15/1994
• Issued: 12/10/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alstom Technology Ltd. (Alstom SA)
• Original Assignee: ABB Management AG (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Tschirren, Stefan, Reiss, Frank
• Primary Examiner(s): Thorpe, Timothy S.
• Application Number:
  US08/290,129
• Time in Patent Office: 848 Days
• Field of Search: 60/39.02, 60/752, 60/757, 60/759, 60/760, 60/754, 60/758, 165/908
• US Class Current: 60/782
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 25/12 Cooling
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 9/023 Transition ducts between combustor cans and first stage of the turbine in gas-turbine engines; their cooling or sealings
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/201 by impingement of a fluid
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/002 Wall structures F23R3/02 and F23R3/007 take precedence

Abstract

In a method for cooling a thermally loaded component (1) with a plate-type outer wall (2), in which method cooling air is supplied, in a first cooling section (A) of the component (1), through a cooling air supply (5) in the direction towards the outer wall (2) and is deflected laterally before the outer wall (2) and in a second cooling section (B) is further guided parallel to the outer wall (2) in a laterally adjoining cooling air duct (3) for the purpose of further cooling, homogenization of the cooling is achieved wherein, in order to reduce the impingement cooling in the first cooling section (A), the cooling airflow coming from the cooling airsupply (5) is subdivided into a main flow and a by-pass flow, the main flow is guided directly along the outer wall (2) of the component (1) to the cooling air duct (3), the by-pass flow is guided to the cooling air duct (3) without contacting the outer wall (2) and both partial flows are recombined at the inlet to the cooling air duct (3).

Claims

1. A method for cooling a thermally loaded component having a plate-type outer wall and a duct wall parallel to the outer wall defining a cooling duct therebetween, a first cooling section comprising a portion of the outer wall and a second cooling section adjacent to the first cooling section comprising the cooling duct, the method comprising the steps of:

supplying a cooling air flow from a cooling air supply;

dividing the cooling air flow into a main flow and a by-pass flow, the main flow being directed to impinge on the outer wall in the first cooling section, wherein the main flow is deflected at the first cooling section toward the cooling duct, and the by-pass flow being directed to the cooling air duct without contacting the outer wall in the first cooling section;

guiding the by-pass flow to the cooling duct to recombine with the main flow; and

directing the recombined cooling air flow in the cooling duct parallel to the outer wall.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main flow is guided as a single, coherent flow.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of dividing the main flow into a plurality of partial flows distributed over the first cooling section to impinge on the outer wall.

4. An apparatus for cooling an outer wall of a thermally loaded component, comprising:

a cooling air supply duct for guiding cooling air from a cooling air supply to the outer wall of the component;

a duct wall disposed adjacent to the outer wall to define a cooling air duct bounded by the outer wall and the duct wall, the cooling air duct having an inlet communicating with the supply duct; and

a partition disposed parallel to and spaced from the outer wall and extending from the cooling air supply duct to the inlet of the cooling duct, the partition defining a main duct adjacent to the outer wall and a by-pass duct parallel to the main duct and separated from the outer wall by the partition.

5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein an end of the partition at the cooling air supply and an opposite boundary wall of the cooling air supply define a supply opening directed to the outer wall and having a cross sectional flow area that is smaller than a cross sectional flow area of the cooling air supply.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein a ratio of a cooling air mass flow in the main duct and a cooling air mass flow in the by-pass duct is determined by the cross sectional flow area of the supply opening.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the partition has a multiplicity of holes for flows of cooling air into the main duct.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein a distance between the partition and the outer wall of the component is less than a distance between the outer wall and the duct wall.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein a portion of the duct wall overlaps a portion of the partition.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the component is a thermally loaded part of a gas turbine apparatus.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the gas turbine apparatus has a turbine part, a combustion chamber and a turbine inlet leading from the combustion chamber to the turbine part, which turbine inlet guides hot combustion gases and is formed by an inner shell and an outer shell, and wherein the cooled component is at least one of the inner shell and the outer shell of the turbine inlet.

12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the duct wall comprises a guide plate supported by distance pieces mounted on the outer wall of the outer shell.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein the partition comprises a plate supported by distance pieces mounted on the outer wall of the outer shell.

14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the duct wall comprises a guide plate supported by distance pieces mounted on the outer wall of the inner shell.

15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the partition comprises a plate supported by distance pieces mounted on the outer wall of the outer shell.