Light weight gamma-camera head and gamma-camera assemblies containing it

• US 5,587,585 A
• Filed: 06/10/1994
• Issued: 12/24/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 06/02/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The State of Israel Atomic Energy Commission Soreq Nuclear Research/Center
• Original Assignee: The State of Israel Atomic Energy Commission Soreq Nuclear Research/Center
• Inventors: Keinan, Giora, Eisen, Yosef, Gilat, Chaim
• Primary Examiner(s): Hannaher, Constantine
• Application Number:
  US08/257,876
• Time in Patent Office: 928 Days
• Field of Search: 250/370.09, 250/370.13, 250/370.12
• US Class Current: 250/370.09
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4258 for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation A61B6/037 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/1648 Ancillary equipment for scintillation cameras, e.g. reference markers, devices for removing motion artifacts, calibration devices adapted for flow studies G01T1/1647
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/249 specially adapted for use in SPECT or PET SPECT imaging G01T1/1642; PET imaging G01T1/2985; detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects G01V5/20
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/2928 using solid state detectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/2985 In depth localisation, e.g. using positron emitters; Tomographic imaging (longitudinal and transverse section imaging; apparatus for radiation diagnosis sequentially in different planes, steroscopic radiation diagnosis); using external radiation sources A61B6/02

Abstract

A light weight gamma-camera head and assemblies and kits which embody it. The gamma-camera head has a detector assembly which includes an array of room temperature, solid state spectroscopy grade detectors each associated with a collimator and preamplifier, which detectors and associated collimators and preamplifiers are arranged in parallel rows extending in a first direction and suitably spaced from each other in a second direction normal to said first direction, each of the parallel detector rows holding a plurality of detectors. The head further has electric motor means for moving the detector means in the second direction and optionally also in the first direction, either stepwise or continuously.

Claims

1. A gamma-camera head having a detector assembly for the detection of x-rays and gamma-radiation, in which said detector assembly comprises an array of room temperature, solid state spectroscopy grade detectors each associated with a collimator and charge sensitive preamplifier means being a member selected from the group of preamplifiers, hybrid preamplifier/amplifier devices and application specific integrated circuits, which detectors and associated collimators and preamplification means are arranged in parallel rows extending in a first direction and suitably spaced from each other in a second direction normal to said first direction, each of said parallel rows holding a plurality of said room temperature spectroscopy grade solid state detectors, electric motor means being provided for moving said detector assembly in said second direction in a controlled fashion.

2. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein each detector is associated with a collimator designed for the interception of parallel propagation of oncoming radiation.

3. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein each detector is associated with a collimator designed for the interception of converging propagation of oncoming radiation.

4. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein each detector is associated with a collimator designed for the interception of diverging propagation of oncoming radiation.

5. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein each detector is associated with a pinhole collimator.

6. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein the collimator associated with each detector is exchangeable.

7. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, comprising parallel detector assemblies each including at least two juxtaposed and mutually staggered detector rows.

8. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein said room temperature, solid state spectroscopy grade detectors are arranged in form of a two-dimensional monolithic array covering the complete field of view of the camera head.

9. A gamma-camera according to claim 1 wherein in each detector unit the collimator holds a plurality of parallel channels.

10. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein said electric motor means are capable of moving said detector assembly in a stepwise fashion.

11. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein said electric motor means are capable of moving said detector assembly in a continuous fashion.

12. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, comprising motor means for moving said detector assembly also in said first direction in a controlled fashion, stepwise or continuously.

13. A gamma-camera head according to claim 12, comprising two separate electric motor means for moving the detector assembly in said first and second directions.

14. A gamma-camera head according to claim 12, comprising one single electric motor means for moving the detector assembly in said first and second directions.

15. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, wherein each of said room temperature, solid state spectroscopy grade detectors is a high atomic number room temperature spectroscopy grade detectors.

16. A gamma-camera head according to claim 15, wherein each of said room temperature, solid state spectroscopy grade detector is a member selected from the group consisting of CdTe, CdZnTe, PbI₂ and HgI₂.

17. A gamma-camera head according to claim 1, having a monolithic detector array and built-in densely packed analog amplifiers and multiplexing logic electronics.

18. A gamma-camera assembly comprising a γ

-camera head according to claim 1 in association with at least one work station with a hardware/software combination that includes electronics, a man-machine interface module, a data acquisition module, an image reconstruction module and an image processing and display module.

19. A gamma-camera assembly according to claim 18, wherein the head is mounted on a long foldable arm, whereby a subject can be diagnosed from any desired direction.

20. A gamma-camera assembly according to claim 18, wherein the camera head is remote from at least one work station, comprising a remote station interface module.

21. A gamma-camera assembly according to claim 18, wherein the work station electronics include amplifier means for association with said preamplifier in the camera head.

22. A gamma-camera assembly according to claim 18, comprising means for time delay integration.

23. A gamma-camera assembly according to claim 18, being portable and comprising a lap-top computer and a portable camera head.

24. A portable gamma-camera assembly according to claim 23, wherein the camera head comprises straps for attachment to a diagnosed subject.

25. A portable gamma-camera assembly according to claim 23, comprising a foldable stand for holding the camera head in operation in close proximity to a diagnosed subject.

26. A light-weight gamma-camera head according to claim 1 for use in a planar γ

-camera.

27. A light-weight gamma-camera head according to claim 1 for use in a single photon emission computerize tomography system.

28. A gamma-camera according to claim 1 comprising a kit wherein said kit comprises a first hand carrier bag for holding a portable gamma-camera head, a data acquisition module and a foldable stand;

and a second bag for holding the camera electronics.

29. A gamma-camera head having a detector assembly for the detection of x-rays and gamma-radiation, in which said detector assembly comprises an array of room temperature, solid state spectroscopy grade detectors each associated with a collimator and charge sensitive preamplifier means being a member selected from the group of preamplifiers, hybrid preamplifier/amplifier devices and application specific integrated circuits, which detectors and associated collimators and preamplification means are arranged in parallel rows extending in a first direction and suitably spaced from each other in a second direction normal to said first direction and forming a two-dimensional monolithic array covering the complete field of view of the camera head.