Control system for air quality and temperature conditioning unit with high capacity filter bypass

• US 5,590,830 A
• Filed: 10/04/1995
• Issued: 01/07/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 01/27/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: York International Corporation (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: York International Corporation (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Reese, James A., Kettler, John P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sollecito, John M.
• Application Number:
  US08/538,861
• Time in Patent Office: 461 Days
• Field of Search: 236/49.3, 165/16, 165/22, 454/256, 55/274, 55/270, 55/DIG. 34
• US Class Current: 236/49.3
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/708 Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4508 for cleaning air in buildings
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/04 with stationary adsorbents B01D53/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/72 for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/74 for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/76 by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/20 Humidity
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/50 Air quality properties
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/66 Volatile organic compounds [VOC]
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/70 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/72 Carbon monoxide
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/044 Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 8/10 by separation, e.g. by filtering
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 8/108 using dry filter elements
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

An air conditioning unit is provided with a high capacity filtration system for removing pollutants from supply air, typically return air which has been recirculated from the conditioned area. A filter bypass passage and suitable flow control devices are provided so that supply air, typically fresh outdoor air, may be routed around the filtration system when minimal or no filtration is required. An air quality detector samples the air quality and positions the flow control devices to effect the most cost efficient operation of the air handling unit under the given operating conditions.

Claims

1. An air conditioning unit comprising:

a housing having an outside air inlet, a return air inlet and a discharge outlet, said return and outside air combining to form mixed air;

filter means for filtering a portion of said return air;

damper means for varying an amount of return and outside air admitted;

conditioning means for maintaining enthalpy and quality levels of discharge air at desired levels;

control means for determining which is more cost effective to maintain said quality and enthalpy of the discharge air (1) by incrementally increasing an amount of outside air without increasing filtration and (2) by incrementally increasing an amount of filtration without increasing the amount of outside air admitted, said control means adjusting said filter, damper, and conditioning means based on said determination.

2. An air conditioning unit according to claim 1, further comprising means for determining whether said conditioning means is capable of maintaining said enthalpy level of said discharge air at said desired level when the incremental increase in outside air is added, said control means using the incremental increase in filtration without increasing the amount of outside air when the capacity of the conditioning means is exceeded.

3. An air conditioning unit according to claim 1, wherein said control means obtains a dilution preferred change for the damper means to admit an incremental increased amount of outside air and obtains a filtration preferred change for the filter means to filter an incremental increased amount of mixed air, said control means only utilizing one of said dilution and filtration preferred changes based on said determination.

4. An air conditioning unit according to claim 1, said control means calculating an enthalpy cost to maintain the discharge air at said desired enthalpy level based on the total mixed air flow, a cost per unit of energy and an enthalpy differential between the discharge air desired enthalpy level and a resulting mixed air enthalpy level resulting from adding said incremental increase of outside air.

5. A method for controlling an air conditioning unit that receives outside and return air to form mixed air and discharges supply air having a predetermined minimum quality and maximum enthalpy, said method comprising the steps of:

receiving adjustable amounts of outside and return air;

determining an energy cost required to maintain an enthalpy level of mixed air below a predetermined maximum enthalpy level when a maximum amount of outside air is included;

determining a filtration cost required to maintain a quality of said mixed air above a predetermined minimum quality when a maximum amount of return air is included therein; and

maximizing the use of outside air when said energy cost is less than said filtration cost.