Multiple layer multileaf collimator

• US 5,591,983 A
• Filed: 06/30/1995
• Issued: 01/07/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Yao, Jonathan Y.
• Primary Examiner(s): Anderson, Bruce C.
• Application Number:
  US08/491,322
• Time in Patent Office: 557 Days
• Field of Search: 250/505.1, 378/153, 378/152
• US Class Current: 250/505.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1045 using a multi-leaf collimator, e.g. for intensity modulated radiation therapy or IMRT
• CPC Class Codes: G21F 5/04 Means for controlling exposure, e.g. time, size of aperture controlling exposure to X-radiation H05G1/30
• CPC Class Codes: G21K 1/04 using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers
• CPC Class Codes: G21K 1/046 varying the contour of the field, e.g. multileaf collimators

Abstract

A multiple layer multileaf collimator for shaping a radiation beam. The collimator comprises first and second layers of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves. The leaves of each layer are arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and are movable in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the direction of the beam so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves. The layers are arranged one above another in the beam direction and offset in a lateral direction (X) generally transverse to the beam direction and orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Y) so that spaces between adjacent leaves of the first and second layers are positioned over and under, respectively, leaves of the second and first layers, respectively.

Claims

1. A radiation emitting apparatus, comprising:

a source of radiation for providing a substantially unshaped radiation beam in a given beam direction, and

a collimator for shaping said radiation beam, said collimator comprising, first and second layers of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, frame means for supporting said leaves, and moving means for moving said leaves, said leaves of each layer being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable by said moving means in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves, and said layers being arranged one above another in the beam direction and offset in a lateral direction (X) generally transverse to the beam direction and orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Y) so that spaces between adjacent leaves of said first and second layers are positioned over and under, respectively, leaves of said second and said first layers, respectively;

wherein each row of said collimator leaves comprises a plurality of adjacently positioned relatively narrow width leaves bounded on at least one end with a relatively wider width end leaf which is also movable in the longitudinal direction.

2. The radiation emitting apparatus of claim 1, wherein each row of said collimator leaves is bounded at its other end by a relatively wider width trimmer leaf movable in the lateral direction.

3. The radiation emitting apparatus of claim 2, wherein each of said leaves that are movable in said longitudinal direction are able to be retracted by an amount sufficient to permit said trimmer leafs to be individually extendable into said radiation beam so as to define a width for said radiation field.

4. A radiation emitting apparatus, comprising:

a source of radiation for providing a substantially unshaped radiation beam in a given beam direction, and

a collimator for shaping said radiation beam, said collimator comprising, first and second layers of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, frame means for supporting said leaves, and moving means for moving said leaves, said leaves of each layer being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable by said moving means in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves, and said layers being arranged one above another in the beam direction and offset in a lateral direction (X) generally transverse to the beam direction and orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Y) so that spaces between adjacent leaves of said first and second layers are positioned over and under, respectively, leaves of said second and said first layers, respectively;

wherein each of said collimator leaves comprises an identical arrangement of collimator leaves; and

wherein each layer of collimator leaves comprises a central plurality of a set of opposed and adjacently positioned relatively narrow width leaves bounded at one end with a set of a relatively wider width leaf.

5. The radiation emitting apparatus of claims 4, wherein an other end of said narrow width leaves is bounded with a relatively wider width leaf movable in the lateral direction.

6. The radiation emitting apparatus of claims 5, wherein said first and second layers of said collimator are positioned so that the order of said leaf arrangement in said first layer is a mirror image of the order of the leaf arrangement in said second layer.

7. A radiation emitting apparatus, comprising:

a source of radiation for providing a substantially unshaped radiation beam in a given beam direction, and

a collimator for shaping said radiation beam, said collimator comprising, first and second layers of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, frame means for supporting said leaves, and moving means for moving said leaves, said leaves of each layer being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable by said moving means in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves, and said layers being arranged one above another in the beam direction and offset in a lateral direction (X) generally transverse to the beam direction and orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Y) so that spaces between adjacent leaves of said first and second layers are positioned over and under, respectively, leaves of said second and said first layers, respectively;

wherein each of said collimator leaves comprises an identical arrangement of collimator leaves; and

wherein said first and second layers of said collimator are positioned so that the order of said leaf arrangement in said first layer is a mirror image of the order of the leaf arrangement in said second layer.

8. A multileaf collimator for use in a radiation system providing a radiation beam in a given beam direction, comprising:

a first layer of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, said leaves being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leave;

a second layer of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, said leaves of said second layer also being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves;

frame means for supporting said leaves of said first layer and said leaves of said second layer; and

moving means for moving said leaves of said first layer and said leaves of said second layer in the longitudinal direction;

wherein said first and second layers are arranged one above another in the beam direction and are offset in a lateral direction (X) generally transverse to the beam direction, so that spaces between adjacent leaves in said first and second layers are positioned over and under, leaves of said second and said first layers; and

wherein each row of said collimator leaves comprises a plurality of adjacently positioned relatively narrow width leaves bounded on at least one end with a relatively wider width end leaf which is also movable in the longitudinal direction.

9. The radiation emitting apparatus of claim 8, wherein each row of said collimator leaves is bounded at its other end by a relatively wider width trimmer leaf movable in the lateral direction.

10. The radiation emitting apparatus of claim 9, wherein each of said leaves that are movable in said longitudinal direction are able to be retracted by an amount sufficient to permit said trimmer leafs to be individually extendable into said radiation beam so as to define a width for said radiation field.

11. A multileaf collimator for use in a radiation system providing a radiation beam in a given beam direction, comprising:

a first layer of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, said leaves being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves;

a second layer of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, said leaves of said second layer also being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves;

frame means for supporting said leaves of said first layer and said leaves of said second layer; and

moving means for moving said leaves of said first layer and said leaves of said second layer in the longitudinal direction;

wherein said first and second layers are arranged one above another in the beam direction and are offset in a lateral direction (X) generally transverse to the beam direction, so that spaces between adjacent leaves in said first and second layers are positioned over and under, respectively, leaves of said second and said first layers;

wherein each of said collimator layers comprises an identical arrangement of collimator leaves; and

wherein each layer of collimator leaves comprises a central plurality of a set of opposed and adjacently positioned relatively narrow width leaves bounded at one end with a set of a relatively wider width leaf.

12. The radiation emitting apparatus of claim 11, wherein an other end of said narrow width leaves is bounded with a relatively wider width leaf movable in the lateral direction.

13. The radiation emitting apparatus of claims 12, wherein said first and second layers of said collimator are positioned so that the order of said leaf arrangement in said first layer is a mirror image of the order of the leaf arrangement in said second layer.

14. A multileaf collimator for use in a radiation system providing a radiation beam in a given beam direction, comprising:

a first layer of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, said leaves being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves;

a second layer of a plurality of elongated radiation blocking leaves, said leaves of said second layer also being arranged adjacent one another so as to form two opposed rows of adjacently positioned leaves and being movable in a longitudinal direction (Y) which is generally traverse to the beam direction so as to define a radiation beam shaping field between the opposed ends of the leaves;

frame means for supporting said leaves of said first layer and said leaves of said second layer; and

moving means for moving said leaves of said first layer and said leaves of said second layer in the longitudinal direction;

wherein said first and second layers are arranged one above another in the beam direction and are offset in a lateral direction (X) generally transverse to the beam direction, so that spaces between adjacent leaves in said first and second layers are positioned over and under, respectively leaves of said second and said first layers;

wherein each of said collimator layers comprises an identical arrangement of collimator leaves; and

wherein said first and second layers of said collimator are positioned so that the order of said leaf arrangement in said first layer is a mirror image of the order of the leaf arrangement in said second layer.